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1.
J Alzheimers Dis ; 82(s1): S51-S63, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33523002

RESUMO

One of the major puzzles in medical research and public health systems worldwide is Alzheimer's disease (AD), reaching nowadays a prevalence near 50 million people. This is a multifactorial brain disorder characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, apathy, and mood and neuropsychiatric disorders. The main risk of AD is aging; a normal biological process associated with a continuum dynamic involving a gradual loss of people's physical capacities, but with a sound experienced view of life. Studies suggest that AD is a break from normal aging with changes in the powerful functional capacities of neurons as well as in the mechanisms of neuronal protection. In this context, an important path has been opened toward AD prevention considering that there are elements of nutrition, daily exercise, avoidance of toxic substances and drugs, an active social life, meditation, and control of stress, to achieve healthy aging. Here, we analyze the involvement of such factors and how to control environmental risk factors for a better quality of life. Prevention as well as innovative screening programs for early detection of the disease using reliable biomarkers are becoming critical to control the disease. In addition, the failure of traditional pharmacological treatments and search for new drugs has stimulated the emergence of nutraceutical compounds in the context of a "multitarget" therapy, as well as mindfulness approaches shown to be effective in the aging, and applied to the control of AD. An integrated approach involving all these preventive factors combined with novel pharmacological approaches should pave the way for the future control of the disease.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento/psicologia , Doença de Alzheimer/psicologia , Doença de Alzheimer/terapia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Terapia por Acupuntura/psicologia , Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Envelhecimento/patologia , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais , Diagnóstico Precoce , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/psicologia , Meditação/métodos , Meditação/psicologia , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 27(99): 3-11, 20190000. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1354179

RESUMO

ntroducción: Aunque la incidencia de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) por Staphylococcus aureus meticilino-resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC) es inferior al 10%, por su elevada mortalidad debe considerarse en los pacientes graves.Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo asociados con SAMR-AC en pacientes con NAC grave. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, que analizó pacientes con NAC con diagnóstico etiológico ingresados en terapia intensiva en un hospital público entre 2006 y 2017.Resultados: Se incluyeron 250 episodios de NAC, 53 por SAMR-AC y 197 por otros agentes. Los pacientes con SAMR fueron más jóvenes (35,6±13,4 vs 43,1±12,4, p<0,001) y mostraron mayores tasas de infecciones de piel y estructuras relacionadas (IPER) (58,4% vs 2,0%, p<0,001), empiema (15,9% vs 5,0%, p=0,006), compromiso radiológico bilateral (81,1% vs 36,0%, p<0,001), promedio de score APACHE II basal (16,7±3,8 vs 13,2±4,3, p<0,001) y requerimiento de ventilación mecánica (VM) (33,9 vs 17,6 p=0,009). La tasa de mortalidad fue significativamente mayor para los pacientes con SAMR-AC (35,8% vs 11,1%, p<0,001). Las variables que se asociaron con SAMR-AC fueron IPER (OR 67,99, IC 5% 21,94-210,65), compromiso radiológico bilateral (OR 7,63, IC 95% 3,67-16,11), scoreAPACHE II ≥ 15 (OR 4,37, IC 95% 2,08-9,16), edad ≤ 35 años RESUMENTRABAJO COMPLETO(OR 3,60, IC 95% 1,77-7,29), empiema (OR 3,32, IC 95% 1,24-8,10) y VM (OR 2,85, IC 95% 1,36-5,86). Conclusión: En pacientes con NAC grave, la presencia de IPER, compromiso radiológico bilateral, score APACHE II ≥ 15, edad ≤ 35 años, empiema y VM se asociaron significativamente con mayor probabilidad de infección por SAMR-AC


ntroduction: Despite the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) being less than 10%, its presence should be considered in critical patients because of its high rate of mortality.Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with CA-MRSA in patients with severe CAP.Materials and method: A retrospective, observational study analysed episodes of etiological diagnosis in patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit in a public hospital between 2006 and 2017.Results: 250 episodes of NAC were included, among which 53 were caused by SAMR-AC and 197 by other agents. Patients with MRSA were the youngest (35.6±13.4 vs 43.1±12.4, p<0.001), and showed higher rates of skin and skin-structure infections (SSSI) (58.4% vs 2.0%, p<0.001), empyema (15.9% vs 5.0%, p=0.006), bilateral radiological compromise (81.1% vs 36.0%, p<0.001), average base-line APACHE II score (16.7±3.8 vs 13.2±4.3, p<0.001) and mechanical ventilation requirement rate (MV) (33.9 vs 17.6 p=0.009). The mortality rate was significantly higher than the one in CA-MRSA patients (35.8% vs 11.1%, p<0.001). The variables associated with CA-MRSA were SSSI (OR 67.99, IC 5% 21.94-210.65), bilateral radiological compromise (OR 7.63, IC 95% 3.67-16.11), APACHE II score ≥ 15 (OR 4.37, IC 95% 2.08-9.16), age ≤35 years (OR 3.60, IC 95% 1.77-7,29), empyema (OR 3.32, IC 95% 1.24-8.10) and MV (OR 2.85, IC 95% 1.36-5.86).Conclusion: The presence of SSSI, bilateral radiological compromise, APACHE II score ≥ 15, age ≤35 years, empyema and MV in patients with severe CAP was largely associated with higher probability of CA-MRSA infection


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Staphylococcus aureus/imunologia , Fatores Epidemiológicos , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , APACHE , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Estudo Observacional , Hospitais Públicos
3.
Prensa méd. argent ; 103(7): 401-408, 20170000. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1372372

RESUMO

Introducción: La incidencia creciente de infecciones invasivas por Staphylococcus aureus meticilino-resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC) obliga a considerar a este patógeno como posible agente etiológico de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC). Es importante reconocer variables específicas que se asocien con un mayor riesgo de padecer esta enfermedad, a fin de mejorar la terapia antibiótica empírica y limitar el tratamiento anti-SAMR. Objetivos: Identificar factores de riesgo asociados a SARM-AC en pacientes con NAC hospitalizados en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron de manera retrospectiva todos los episodios de NAC ingresados en la UCI de un hospital público entre los años 2006 y 2014 en los que se logró identificar el agente etiológico. Se dividió a la población en dos grupos según el agente causal: SAMR-AC (NAC-S) o no SAMR-AC (NAC- no S). Se compararon diferentes variables demográficas, epidemiológicas y clínicas entre ambos grupos (análisis univariado). Para identificar factores de riesgo asociados con NAC por SAMR-AC se realizó análisis de regresión logística de las variables que resultaron significativamente diferentes en el análisis univariado. Para valorar diferencias entre ambos grupos se utilizó estadística descriptiva, test de Fisher y análisis de regresión logística. Se utilizó el software EPIcalc-2000. Se consideró significativo un valor de p<0.05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 239 episodios de NAC, de las cuales 39 fueron causadas por SAMR-AC, y 200 por otros agentes, con la siguiente distribución:niae 6 (3%), H1N1 5 (2,5%), Mycoplasma pneunoniae 4 (2%), Moraxella catharralis 3 (1,5%), SAMS 3 (1,5%), otros 6 (3%). Los pacientes del grupo NAC-S fueron significativamente más jóvenes (edad promedio 35.7 años ± 13.0 vs 43.2 ±12.4, p<0.0001), tuvieron en menor proporción infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) (23.1% vs 56.0%, p<0.0001) y presentaron con mayor frecuencia requerimiento de ventilación mecánica (VM) en las primeras 24 horas (38.5% vs 18.0%, p=0.008). Los pacientes del grupo NAC-S mostraron un promedio de score de APACHE II significativamente mayor al ingreso (17.0 ±5.3 vs 13.3 ±4.4, p<0.0001). La mortalidad fue significativamente más elevada en el grupo de NAC-S (35.9% vs 11.0%, p=0.0002). En el resto de las variables analizadas no se observaron diferencias significativas. El análisis de regresión logística mostró que las variables que se asociaron con NAC-S fueron edad ≤35 años (OR 3.60, IC 95% 1.77-7.29), score de APACHE II ≥ 15 (OR 4.37, IC 95% 2.08-9.16) y requerimiento de VM (OR 2.85, IC 95% 1.36-5.86). En cambio, la infección por VIH fue una variable que se asoció con menor probabilidad de desarrollar NAC-S (OR 0.24, IC 95% 0.11-0.52). Conclusión: En los pacientes con NAC que ingresan en una UCI, la edad ≤35 años, el score de APACHE II ≥ 15 y la necesidad de VM se asociaron significativamente con mayor probabilidad de infección por SAMR-AC Streptococcus pneumoniae 113 (56,5%); Haemophillus influenzae 39 (19,5%), Chlamydia psitacii 13 (6,5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8 (4%), Klebsiella pneumo


Risk factors associated with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus community acquired pneumonia in patients assisted at Intensive Care Units Introduction: The increasing incidence of invasive infections by Community Acquired methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) makes it necessary to consider this pathogen as a possible etiological agent in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP). It is important to recognize specific variables that are associated with an increased risk of this disease, in order to improve empirical antibiotic therapy and to limit anti-MRSA treatment. Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with CA-MRSA in patients with CAP hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Material and methods: We analyse retrospectively all CAP episodes admitted to the ICU of a public hospital between 2006 and 2014 in which the etiologic agent was identified. The population was divided in two groups, according the etiological agent: CA-MRSA (CAP-MRSA) o not CA-MRSA (CAP-no MRSA). Different demographic, epidemiological and clinical variables were compared between both groups (univariate analysis). Logistic regression analysis of variables that were significantly different in the univariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with CAP by CA-MRSA. Descriptive statistic was used, Fisher´s test was performed to assess differences between both groups and logistic regression test was made to know risks factors associated. EPIcalc-2000 software was used. A value of p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 239 CAP episodes were includes; 39 were caused by CA-MRSA and 200 by others agents. The etiological distribution was: Streptococcus pneumoniae 113 (56,5%); Haemophillus influenzae 39 (19,5%), Chlamydia psitacii 13 (6,5%), Pseudomona aeruginosa 8 (4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 6 (3%), H1N1 5 (2,5%), Mycoplasma pneunoniae 4 (2%), Moraxella catharralis 3 (1,5%), MSSA 3 (1,5%), others 6 (3%). Patients in the CAP-MRSA group were significant younger (mean age 35.7 years old ± 13.0 vs 43.2 ±12.4, p<0.0001), had a lower proportion of HIV infections (23.1% vs 56.0%, p<0.0001) and needed of mechanical ventilation (MV) in the first 24 hours with higher frequency (38.5% vs 18.0%, p=0.008). Patients in the CAP-MRSA showed a significantly higher APACHE II score on admission (17.0 ±5.3 vs 13.3 ±4.4, p<0.0001). Mortality rate was significantly higher in CAP-MRSA group (35.9% vs 11.0%, p=0.0002). In the other analysed variables, no significant range differences were observed. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables that were associated with CAP by MRSA were age ≤35 years (OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.77-7.29), APACHE II score ≥ 15 (OR 4.37, CI 95% 2.08-9.16) and MV requirement (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.36-5.86). HIV infection was associated with lower probability to have CAP-MSA (OR 0.24, CI 95% 0.11-0.52). Conclusion: In patients with CAP who entered an ICU, age ≤35 years, APACHE II score ≥15 and the need for MV were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of CAP-MRSA infection.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia/terapia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Fatores de Risco , Mortalidade , APACHE , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/imunologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva
5.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 43(1): 0-0, ene.-mar. 2017. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-901278

RESUMO

Introducción: el manejo y tratamiento del embarazo ectópico ha evolucionado en los últimos años de forma impresionante. Actualmente predomina una terapia conservadora, tanto médica como quirúrgica. Esta última, se manifiesta en función de la fertilidad a pesar del incremento de las afecciones tubárica. Objetivo: determinar el uso de la técnica de salpingostomía transversal con respecto al número de embarazos intrauterinos y recidivas posteriores. Métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental, prospectivo y longitudinal, en pacientes con diagnóstico de embarazo ectópico desde el año 2007 hasta el año 2012 en el Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Quirúrgicas. Esta población quedó conformada por 251 pacientes en edad fértil, que acudieron al Cuerpo de Guardia del Centro de Investigaciones Médico-Quirúrgicas por presentar dolor en bajo vientre, sangramiento uterino anormal y/o amenorrea, a quienes se les realizó laparoscopía diagnóstica. De ellas, 204 fueron diagnosticadas de embarazo ectópico, con 167 ampulares. La totalidad de las mujeres a las que se realizó la salpingostomía transversal mostraron interés en conservar la fertilidad. La muestra control quedó constituida por 200 pacientes que presentaron embarazo ectópico ampulares. Estas pacientes fueron sometidas a la técnica de cirugía conservadora longitudinal, en un periodo inmediato anterior, 2004-2007. Resultados: se demostró que por la técnica de salpingostomía transversal se logró un mayor número de embarazos intrauterinos (60) y menos recidivas de ectópicos (10), con valores altamente significativos respecto a la salpingostomía lineal. Conclusiones: el beneficio de realizar la técnica de salpingostomía transversal, respecto al número de embarazos logrados fue cuatro veces superior al riesgo de desarrollar recidivas o complicaciones en el período de un año(AU)


Introduction: The management and treatment of ectopic pregnancy has evolved dramatically in recent years. Presently, conservative therapy, both medical and surgical, prevails. The latter is manifested as a function of fertility despite the increase in tubal conditions. Objective: Determine the use of the transverse salpingostomy technique with respect to the number of intrauterine pregnancies and subsequent relapses. Methods: An experimental, longitudinal and prospective study was performed in patients diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy from 2007 to 2012 at Center for Medical-Surgical Research. 251 patients of childbearing age were the population of this study and they came to Center for Medical-Surgical Research emergency room for having low-grade pain, abnormal uterine bleeding and / or amenorrhea, who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy.This population consisted of 251 patients of childbearing age, who came to the Center for Medical-Surgical Research Guard Corps for having pain in the lower abdomen, abnormal uterine bleeding and / or amenorrhea. They underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. 204 of them were diagnosed of ectopic pregnancy, with 167 ampullaries. All women who underwent transverse salpingostomy showed interest in preserving fertility. 200 patients were the control sample ant they presented with ampullary ectopic pregnancy. These patients underwent longitudinal conservative surgery in an immediate previous period (2004-2007). Results: It was demonstrated that by the transverse salpingostomy technique, greater number of intrauterine pregnancies were achieved (60); fewer ectopic recurrences (10) with highly significant values ​​with respect to linear salpingostomy. Conclusions: The benefit of using transverse salpingostomy technique in relation to the number of pregnancies achieved was 4 times higher than the risk of developing relapses or complications in the period of one year(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Gravidez Ectópica/cirurgia , Salpingostomia/métodos , Ferida Cirúrgica/cirurgia , Ensaio Clínico , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Longitudinais , Laparoscopia/métodos
6.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 42(3)jul.-set. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-68349

RESUMO

Introducción: el síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos es un estado protrombótico adquirido determinado por la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos en pacientes con trombosis venosa o arterial y una morbilidad incrementada durante el embarazo.Objetivos: describir los principales aspectos epidemiológico-clínicos del síndrome durante el embarazo y los resultados perinatales.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y analítico de una serie de pacientes con síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos y embarazo en el Centro de Investigaciones Médico Quirúrgicas y el Centro Nacional de Reumatología, en La Habana, Cuba. La serie estudiada se constituyó con 188 mujeres. Se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de las gestantes internadas y de consultas externas de ambas instituciones, diagnosticadas como patología primaria o secundaria y se conformó una base de datos con variables epidemiológicas como: características del embarazo y desenlace materno fetal.Resultados: del total de pacientes estudiadas de la serie, 32 sufrieron trombosis con morbilidad obstétrica. Se diagnosticó síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos primario en seis pacientes y secundario en 26 (17,5 por ciento). La edad promedio fue de 27 años. Según el color de la piel; seis de cada 10 eran blancas y el resto, mestizas y negras. Entre estas pacientes hubo 81 embarazos; con una razón de 2,53 embarazos/paciente; 76 por ciento nacieron vivos, 18 por ciento tuvo un aborto espontáneo y hubo 5 por ciento de muertes fetales. De ellas, 16 por ciento tuvo parto pretérmino y 10 por ciento desarrolló preeclampsia. No hubo muertes maternas.Conclusiones: el embarazo en pacientes con síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos es de elevado riesgo, y se constató una elevada morbimortalidad materno fetal(AU)


Introduction: antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an acquired prothrombotic state characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with venous or arterial thrombosis and increased morbidity during pregnancy.Objectives: describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of the syndrome during pregnancy as well as its perinatal outcomes.Methods: a descriptive analytical study was conducted of a series of patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and pregnancy at the Center for Medical Surgical Research and the National Rheumatology Center in Havana, Cuba. The study series was composed of 188 women. Examination was performed of the medical records of pregnant women either hospitalized or attending outpatient consultation at the two institutions who had been diagnosed with the syndrome as a primary or a secondary condition. A database was developed with epidemiological variables such as characteristics of the pregnancy and maternal fetal outcome.Results: of the total patients studied in the series, 32 had thrombosis with obstetric morbidity. Primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome was diagnosed in six patients, whereas secondary APS was diagnosed in 26 (17.5 percent). Mean age was 27 years. With respect to skin color, six out of every ten patients were white, and the rest were either brown or black. There were 81 pregnancies in the series, i.e. 2.53 patients / pregnancy, with 76 percent live births, 18 percent spontaneous abortions and 5 percent fetal deaths. 16 percent had a preterm delivery and 10 percent developed preeclampsia. There were no maternal deaths.Conclusions: pregnancy in patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is highly risky, with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/complicações , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez , Estudo Observacional
7.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 42(3): 344-353, jul.-set. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-845019

RESUMO

Introducción: el síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos es un estado protrombótico adquirido determinado por la presencia de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos en pacientes con trombosis venosa o arterial y una morbilidad incrementada durante el embarazo. Objetivos: describir los principales aspectos epidemiológico-clínicos del síndrome durante el embarazo y los resultados perinatales. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y analítico de una serie de pacientes con síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos y embarazo en el Centro de Investigaciones Médico Quirúrgicas y el Centro Nacional de Reumatología, en La Habana, Cuba. La serie estudiada se constituyó con 188 mujeres. Se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de las gestantes internadas y de consultas externas de ambas instituciones, diagnosticadas como patología primaria o secundaria y se conformó una base de datos con variables epidemiológicas como: características del embarazo y desenlace materno fetal. Resultados: del total de pacientes estudiadas de la serie, 32 sufrieron trombosis con morbilidad obstétrica. Se diagnosticó síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos primario en seis pacientes y secundario en 26 (17,5 por ciento). La edad promedio fue de 27 años. Según el color de la piel; seis de cada 10 eran blancas y el resto, mestizas y negras. Entre estas pacientes hubo 81 embarazos; con una razón de 2,53 embarazos/paciente; 76 por ciento nacieron vivos, 18 por ciento tuvo un aborto espontáneo y hubo 5 por ciento de muertes fetales. De ellas, 16 por ciento tuvo parto pretérmino y 10 por ciento desarrolló preeclampsia. No hubo muertes maternas. Conclusiones: el embarazo en pacientes con síndrome de anticuerpos antifosfolípidos es de elevado riesgo, y se constató una elevada morbimortalidad materno fetal(AU)


Introduction: antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an acquired prothrombotic state characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with venous or arterial thrombosis and increased morbidity during pregnancy. Objectives: describe the main clinical and epidemiological features of the syndrome during pregnancy as well as its perinatal outcomes. Methods: a descriptive analytical study was conducted of a series of patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and pregnancy at the Center for Medical Surgical Research and the National Rheumatology Center in Havana, Cuba. The study series was composed of 188 women. Examination was performed of the medical records of pregnant women either hospitalized or attending outpatient consultation at the two institutions who had been diagnosed with the syndrome as a primary or a secondary condition. A database was developed with epidemiological variables such as characteristics of the pregnancy and maternal fetal outcome. Results: of the total patients studied in the series, 32 had thrombosis with obstetric morbidity. Primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome was diagnosed in six patients, whereas secondary APS was diagnosed in 26 (17.5 percent). Mean age was 27 years. With respect to skin color, six out of every ten patients were white, and the rest were either brown or black. There were 81 pregnancies in the series, i.e. 2.53 patients / pregnancy, with 76 percent live births, 18 percent spontaneous abortions and 5 percent fetal deaths. 16 percent had a preterm delivery and 10 percent developed preeclampsia. There were no maternal deaths. Conclusions: pregnancy in patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is highly risky, with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/epidemiologia , Métodos de Análise Laboratorial e de Campo/métodos , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Cuidado Pré-Concepcional/métodos , Estudo Observacional , Trabalho de Parto Induzido/métodos
8.
Eur J Appl Physiol ; 116(5): 1005-10, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27026015

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We assessed the role of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) on lactate clearance during an active recovery after high-intensity exercise, by comparing genetic groups based on the T1470A (rs1049434) MCT1 polymorphism, whose influence on lactate transport has been proven. METHODS: Sixteen young male elite field hockey players participated in this study. All of them completed two 400 m maximal run tests performed on different days, followed by 40 min of active or passive recovery. Lactate samples were measured immediately after the tests, and at min 10, 20, 30 and 40 of the recoveries. Blood lactate decreases were calculated for each 10-min period. Participants were distributed into three groups according to the T1470A polymorphism (TT, TA and AA). RESULTS: TT group had a lower blood lactate decrease than AA group during the 10-20 min period of the active recovery (p = 0.018). This period had the highest blood lactate for the whole sample, significantly differing from the other periods (p ≤ 0.003). During the passive recovery, lactate declines were constant except for the 0-10-min period (p ≤ 0.003), suggesting that liver uptake is similar in all the genetic groups, and that the difference seen during the active recovery is mainly due to muscle lactate uptake. CONCLUSIONS: These differences according to the polymorphic variant T1470A suggest that MCT1 affects the plasma lactate decrease during a crucial period of active recovery, where the maximal lactate amount is cleared (i.e. 10-20 min period).


Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/genética , Resistência Física/genética , Resistência Física/fisiologia , Simportadores/genética , Adulto , Transporte Biológico/genética , Transporte Biológico/fisiologia , Hóquei , Humanos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Músculos/metabolismo , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Adulto Jovem
11.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 12(4): 131-139, dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-667892

RESUMO

Objetivos: Conocer la frecuencia de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC) en neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC); examinar sus características clínicas - evolutivas y analizar factores de riesgo. Pacientes, material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional, realizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos respiratorios entre 2006 y 2012. Resultados: Se evaluaron 180 pacientes con NAC con diagnóstico etiológico. Etiologías más frecuentes: Streptococcus pneumoniae (50.5%), Haemophillus influenzae (18.3%) ySAMR-AC (12.2%, 22 casos). La neumonía por SAMR-AC se presentó en individuos jóvenes, mayoritariamente hombres. En el 81.8% de los casos el foco primario fue infección de piel y estructuras relacionadas (IPER), 95.4% presentó criterios clínicos de sepsis, 72.7% tuvo compromiso radiológico bilateral y 45.5% desarrolló derrame pleural. El 40.9% requirió ventilación mecánica y el 45.4% utilizó drogas vasoactivas. El 81.8% de los pacientes no alcanzó criterios de estabilidad clínica al cabo de la primer semana y la mortalidad fue del 36.3%, significativamente superior al resto de los microorganismos (8.8%, p<0,001). Los factores clínicos asociados con mayor riesgo de SAMR-AC fueron la presencia de IPER concomitante, compromiso radiológico bilateral, presencia de criterios clínicos de sepsis, edad inferior a 30 años y requerimiento de drogas vasoactivas. Los factores que se asociaron con mortalidad en NAC fueron la etiología por SAMR-AC y el compromiso radiológico bilateral. Conclusiones: La neumonía por SAMR-AC es una patología emergente, asociada a elevada morbimortalidad. Debe ser considerada en pacientes jóvenes, con presencia concomitante de IPER, compromiso radiológico bilateral, criterios clínicos de sepsis o necesidad de drogas vasoactivas.


Objectives: To know the incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) caused by Methicillin Resistant Sthaphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to examine their clinical and developmental characteristics and to analyze risk factors. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and observational study carried out at a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, between 2006 and 2012. Results: 180 patients with etiologic diagnosis of CAP were evaluated. The most common causes were Streptococcus pneumoniae (50.5%), Haemophillus influenzae (18.3%) and MRSA (12.2%, 22 cases). Community Acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) pneumonia was present in young people, especially in male. In 81.8% of the cases, skin and related structure infections (SRSI) were the primary focus, 95.4% presented clinical criteria of sepsis, 72.7% had bilateral radiology involvement and 45.5% developed pleural effusion. 40.9% needed mechanical ventilation and 45.4% used vasoactive drugs. Clinical stability at the first week was not reached in 81.8% and mortality rate was 36.6%, significantly higher than for pneumonia caused by other microorganisms (8.8% p<0,001). Clinical factors related with high risk of CA-MRSA pneumonia were the concomitant presence of SRSI, bilateral radiology involvement, clinical criteria of sepsis, age <30 years old and need for vasoactive drugs. Factors related to CAP mortality were CA-MRSA aetiology and bilateral radiology involvement. Conclusions: CA-MRSA pneumonia is an emergent disease with high morbidity and mortality. It must be considered in young patients, with SRSI, bilateral radiology involvement, clinical criteria of sepsis or intake of vasoactive drugs.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia , Pneumonia Estafilocócica/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Coortes , Fatores de Risco
12.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 12(4): 131-139, dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-128923

RESUMO

Objetivos: Conocer la frecuencia de Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC) en neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC); examinar sus características clínicas - evolutivas y analizar factores de riesgo. Pacientes, material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional, realizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos respiratorios entre 2006 y 2012. Resultados: Se evaluaron 180 pacientes con NAC con diagnóstico etiológico. Etiologías más frecuentes: Streptococcus pneumoniae (50.5%), Haemophillus influenzae (18.3%) ySAMR-AC (12.2%, 22 casos). La neumonía por SAMR-AC se presentó en individuos jóvenes, mayoritariamente hombres. En el 81.8% de los casos el foco primario fue infección de piel y estructuras relacionadas (IPER), 95.4% presentó criterios clínicos de sepsis, 72.7% tuvo compromiso radiológico bilateral y 45.5% desarrolló derrame pleural. El 40.9% requirió ventilación mecánica y el 45.4% utilizó drogas vasoactivas. El 81.8% de los pacientes no alcanzó criterios de estabilidad clínica al cabo de la primer semana y la mortalidad fue del 36.3%, significativamente superior al resto de los microorganismos (8.8%, p<0,001). Los factores clínicos asociados con mayor riesgo de SAMR-AC fueron la presencia de IPER concomitante, compromiso radiológico bilateral, presencia de criterios clínicos de sepsis, edad inferior a 30 años y requerimiento de drogas vasoactivas. Los factores que se asociaron con mortalidad en NAC fueron la etiología por SAMR-AC y el compromiso radiológico bilateral. Conclusiones: La neumonía por SAMR-AC es una patología emergente, asociada a elevada morbimortalidad. Debe ser considerada en pacientes jóvenes, con presencia concomitante de IPER, compromiso radiológico bilateral, criterios clínicos de sepsis o necesidad de drogas vasoactivas. (AU)


Objectives: To know the incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) caused by Methicillin Resistant Sthaphylococcus aureus (MRSA), to examine their clinical and developmental characteristics and to analyze risk factors. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, descriptive and observational study carried out at a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, between 2006 and 2012. Results: 180 patients with etiologic diagnosis of CAP were evaluated. The most common causes were Streptococcus pneumoniae (50.5%), Haemophillus influenzae (18.3%) and MRSA (12.2%, 22 cases). Community Acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) pneumonia was present in young people, especially in male. In 81.8% of the cases, skin and related structure infections (SRSI) were the primary focus, 95.4% presented clinical criteria of sepsis, 72.7% had bilateral radiology involvement and 45.5% developed pleural effusion. 40.9% needed mechanical ventilation and 45.4% used vasoactive drugs. Clinical stability at the first week was not reached in 81.8% and mortality rate was 36.6%, significantly higher than for pneumonia caused by other microorganisms (8.8% p<0,001). Clinical factors related with high risk of CA-MRSA pneumonia were the concomitant presence of SRSI, bilateral radiology involvement, clinical criteria of sepsis, age <30 years old and need for vasoactive drugs. Factors related to CAP mortality were CA-MRSA aetiology and bilateral radiology involvement. Conclusions: CA-MRSA pneumonia is an emergent disease with high morbidity and mortality. It must be considered in young patients, with SRSI, bilateral radiology involvement, clinical criteria of sepsis or intake of vasoactive drugs. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/etiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia , Pneumonia Estafilocócica/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Coortes , Fatores de Risco
13.
J Pediatr Surg ; 47(2): e19-21, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22325415

RESUMO

Epidural hematomas are rare birth injuries, and spontaneous presentation is exceptional. We present 2 cases of newborns with spontaneous epidural hematomas after delivery. In both cases, cerebral hemorrhage was associated with skull fracture and cephalohematoma. One newborn presented with neurologic symptoms in the form of convulsions, whereas the other was asymptomatic. Confirmation of the diagnosis was made by cranial computed tomography. Both cases were treated surgically by craniotomy. Follow-up showed normal neurologic development.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Nascimento/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Cerebral/congênito , Dura-Máter/lesões , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/congênito , Fraturas Cranianas/etiologia , Traumatismos do Nascimento/cirurgia , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Cesárea , Craniotomia , Feminino , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/etiologia , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/cirurgia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional , Masculino , Convulsões/etiologia , Fraturas Cranianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Ultrassonografia
14.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 71(2): 127-34, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21550928

RESUMO

The aim of this paper is to report the epidemiological, clinical and diagnosis findings of pneumonia and pulmonary hemorrhage observed in patients with leptospirosis in the period January 2007 to October 2009. A 64% (20/31) of patients diagnosed with leptospirosis presented pneumonia. Fifteen of them (75%) had severe pneumonia, of which seven (35%) were pulmonary hemorrhage. In ten patients (32%) reason for consultation and clinical early stage was a secretory gastroenteritis with fever and abdominal pain. Jaundice was only expressed in eleven patients (35%). The technique of chain reaction (PCR) was useful for diagnosis in samples obtained post mortem. A strain classified in serogroup canicola was isolated from blood culture. Pneumonia was classified into three types: non-severe pneumonia course with little overall impact; severe pneumonia associated with systemic clinical forms with jaundice, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and pulmonary hemorrhage, and of serious course, not associated with jaundice, kidney failure or thrombocytopenia. Antibiotic treatment started in the early stages of disease (average 3.2 days) had no influence on the development of severe pneumonia. It is puggested to consider three clinical forms of leptospirosis: anicteric, icteric (with its evolutionary variants) and pulmonary hemorrhage.


Assuntos
Hemorragia/etiologia , Leptospirose/complicações , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Bacteriana/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto Jovem
15.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(2): 127-134, mar.-abr. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-633831

RESUMO

El objetivo del trabajo es comunicar los hallazgos epidemiológicos, clínicos y de diagnóstico de la neumonía y hemorragia pulmonar por leptospirosis, en el período enero 2007 a octubre 2009. Un 64% (20/31) de pacientes con diagnóstico de leptospirosis tuvieron neumonía. Quince de ellos (75%) presentaron neumonía grave, de los cuales siete (35%) desarrollaron hemorragia pulmonar. En diez enfermos (32%) el motivo de consulta e inicio del cuadro clínico fue una gastroenteritis secretoria con fiebre y dolor abdominal. La ictericia sólo se manifestó en once pacientes (35%). La técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) fue útil para el diagnóstico en muestra obtenida post mortem. De un hemocultivo se aisló una cepa clasificada dentro del serogrupo canicola. Se clasificaron las neumonías en tres tipos: neumonías de curso no grave con escasa repercusión general; neumonías graves asociadas a formas clínicas sistémicas con ictericia, insuficiencia renal, trombocitopenia y hemorragia pulmonar; también de curso grave, no asociada a ictericia, insuficiencia renal o trombocitopenia grave. El tratamiento antibiótico iniciado en los primeros días de enfermedad (promedio 3.2 días) no tuvo influencia en la evolución de las neumonías graves. Se plantea además considerar tres formas clínicas de leptospirosis: anictérica, ictérica (con sus variantes evolutivas) y hemorragia pulmonar.


The aim of this paper is to report the epidemiological, clinical and diagnosis findings of pneumonia and pulmonary hemorrhage observed in patients with leptospirosis in the period January 2007 to October 2009. A 64% (20/31) of patients diagnosed with leptospirosis presented pneumonia. Fifteen of them (75%) had severe pneumonia, of which seven (35%) were pulmonary hemorrhage. In ten patients (32%) reason for consultation and clinical early stage was a secretory gastroenteritis with fever and abdominal pain. Jaundice was only expressed in eleven patients (35%). The technique of chain reaction (PCR) was useful for diagnosis in samples obtained post mortem. A strain classified in serogroup canicola was isolated from blood culture. Pneumonia was classified into three types: non-severe pneumonia course with little overall impact; severe pneumonia associated with systemic clinical forms with jaundice, renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and pulmonary hemorrhage, and of serious course, not associated with jaundice, kidney failure or thrombocytopenia. Antibiotic treatment started in the early stages of disease (average 3.2 days) had no influence on the development of severe pneumonia. It is puggested to consider three clinical forms of leptospirosis: anicteric, icteric (with its evolutionary variants) and pulmonary hemorrhage.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Hemorragia/etiologia , Leptospirose/complicações , Pneumopatias/etiologia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/epidemiologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/etiologia , Leptospirose/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Pneumonia Bacteriana/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
16.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 37(1)ene.-mar. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-50481

RESUMO

El embarazo en las mujeres receptoras de un trasplante hepático es exitoso en la mayoría de los casos, aunque se califica como un embarazo de alto riesgo. Los objetivos de este estudio son describir la evolución del embarazo en mujeres sometidas previamente a trasplante hepático y determinar el desarrollo de las complicaciones obstétricas y evolución del injerto hepático. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 3 pacientes sometidas a trasplante hepático que culminaron su embarazo entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2009. Las variables analizadas fueron: intervalo de tiempo entre el trasplante y el embarazo, antecedentes obstétricos, incidencias obstétricas, tratamiento inmunosupresor durante el embarazo y evolución del injerto. De forma general la evolución de las 3 pacientes durante el embarazo y puerperio fueron satisfactorias, el tiempo entre el trasplante y el inicio del embarazo fue mayor de 2 años, se presentaron incidencias obstétricas leves como hipertensión arterial en una de las pacientes, la finalización del embarazo fue a término en las 3 pacientes con realización de cesáreas por indicaciones obstétricas, los 3 niños presentaron peso y Apgar adecuados al nacer; la función hepática se mantuvo normal en 2 pacientes y en una se elevaron las enzimas hepáticas que se normalizaron adecuando la inmunosupresión. El tratamiento inmunosopresor fue realizado con anticalcineurínicos (tacrolimus o ciclosporina) en monoterapia durante el embarazo. El intervalo postrasplante mayor de 2 años para el inicio del embarazo y la estabilidad del injerto contribuyeron a la buena evolución de las gestantes (AU)


The pregnancy in women underwent liver transplant is successful in most of cases, although it is qualified as a high risk pregnancy. The objectives of present study are to describe the pregnancy evolution in women previously underwent to liver transplant and to determine the development of obstetric complications and the evolution of liver graft. A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in 3 patients underwent liver transplant finishing pregnancy between January, 2006 and December, 2009. The variables analyzed were: interval between the transplant and the pregnancy, obstetric backgrounds, obstetric incidences, immunosuppressive treatment during pregnancy and graft evolution. In general, the evolution of the three patients during pregnancy and puerperium were satisfactory, time between the transplant and the pregnancy onset was higher than 2 years, there were slight obstetric incidences as high blood pressure in one of the patients, the end of pregnancy was at-term in the three patients with cesarean section due obstetric indications, the three babies had appropriate weight birth and Apgar scores; the liver function remained normal in two patients and in one of them the liver enzymes were normal adapting the immunosuppression. The immunosuppressive treatment was applied using anticalcineurinic drugs (Tracolimus or Cyclosporine) in monotherapy during pregnancy. The post-transplant interval over 2 years for the onset of pregnancy and graft stability lead to a good evolution of pregnant (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Transplante de Fígado , Complicações na Gravidez/cirurgia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 37(1): 6-12, ene.-mar. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-51975

RESUMO

El embarazo en las mujeres receptoras de un trasplante hepático es exitoso en la mayoría de los casos, aunque se califica como un embarazo de alto riesgo. Los objetivos de este estudio son describir la evolución del embarazo en mujeres sometidas previamente a trasplante hepático y determinar el desarrollo de las complicaciones obstétricas y evolución del injerto hepático. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 3 pacientes sometidas a trasplante hepático que culminaron su embarazo entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2009. Las variables analizadas fueron: intervalo de tiempo entre el trasplante y el embarazo, antecedentes obstétricos, incidencias obstétricas, tratamiento inmunosupresor durante el embarazo y evolución del injerto. De forma general la evolución de las 3 pacientes durante el embarazo y puerperio fueron satisfactorias, el tiempo entre el trasplante y el inicio del embarazo fue mayor de 2 años, se presentaron incidencias obstétricas leves como hipertensión arterial en una de las pacientes, la finalización del embarazo fue a término en las 3 pacientes con realización de cesáreas por indicaciones obstétricas, los 3 niños presentaron peso y Apgar adecuados al nacer; la función hepática se mantuvo normal en 2 pacientes y en una se elevaron las enzimas hepáticas que se normalizaron adecuando la inmunosupresión. El tratamiento inmunosopresor fue realizado con anticalcineurínicos (tacrolimus o ciclosporina) en monoterapia durante el embarazo. El intervalo postrasplante mayor de 2 años para el inicio del embarazo y la estabilidad del injerto contribuyeron a la buena evolución de las gestantes (AU)


The pregnancy in women underwent liver transplant is successful in most of cases, although it is qualified as a high risk pregnancy. The objectives of present study are to describe the pregnancy evolution in women previously underwent to liver transplant and to determine the development of obstetric complications and the evolution of liver graft. A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in 3 patients underwent liver transplant finishing pregnancy between January, 2006 and December, 2009. The variables analyzed were: interval between the transplant and the pregnancy, obstetric backgrounds, obstetric incidences, immunosuppressive treatment during pregnancy and graft evolution. In general, the evolution of the three patients during pregnancy and puerperium were satisfactory, time between the transplant and the pregnancy onset was higher than 2 years, there were slight obstetric incidences as high blood pressure in one of the patients, the end of pregnancy was at-term in the three patients with cesarean section due obstetric indications, the three babies had appropriate weight birth and Apgar scores; the liver function remained normal in two patients and in one of them the liver enzymes were normal adapting the immunosuppression. The immunosuppressive treatment was applied using anticalcineurinic drugs (Tracolimus or Cyclosporine) in monotherapy during pregnancy. The post-transplant interval over 2 years for the onset of pregnancy and graft stability lead to a good evolution of pregnant (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Transplante de Fígado , Fatores de Risco , Gravidez de Alto Risco , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos
18.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 37(1): 6-12, ene.-mar. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-584674

RESUMO

El embarazo en las mujeres receptoras de un trasplante hepático es exitoso en la mayoría de los casos, aunque se califica como un embarazo de alto riesgo. Los objetivos de este estudio son describir la evolución del embarazo en mujeres sometidas previamente a trasplante hepático y determinar el desarrollo de las complicaciones obstétricas y evolución del injerto hepático. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 3 pacientes sometidas a trasplante hepático que culminaron su embarazo entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2009. Las variables analizadas fueron: intervalo de tiempo entre el trasplante y el embarazo, antecedentes obstétricos, incidencias obstétricas, tratamiento inmunosupresor durante el embarazo y evolución del injerto. De forma general la evolución de las 3 pacientes durante el embarazo y puerperio fueron satisfactorias, el tiempo entre el trasplante y el inicio del embarazo fue mayor de 2 años, se presentaron incidencias obstétricas leves como hipertensión arterial en una de las pacientes, la finalización del embarazo fue a término en las 3 pacientes con realización de cesáreas por indicaciones obstétricas, los 3 niños presentaron peso y Apgar adecuados al nacer; la función hepática se mantuvo normal en 2 pacientes y en una se elevaron las enzimas hepáticas que se normalizaron adecuando la inmunosupresión. El tratamiento inmunosopresor fue realizado con anticalcineurínicos (tacrolimus o ciclosporina) en monoterapia durante el embarazo. El intervalo postrasplante mayor de 2 años para el inicio del embarazo y la estabilidad del injerto contribuyeron a la buena evolución de las gestantes


The pregnancy in women underwent liver transplant is successful in most of cases, although it is qualified as a high risk pregnancy. The objectives of present study are to describe the pregnancy evolution in women previously underwent to liver transplant and to determine the development of obstetric complications and the evolution of liver graft. A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in 3 patients underwent liver transplant finishing pregnancy between January, 2006 and December, 2009. The variables analyzed were: interval between the transplant and the pregnancy, obstetric backgrounds, obstetric incidences, immunosuppressive treatment during pregnancy and graft evolution. In general, the evolution of the three patients during pregnancy and puerperium were satisfactory, time between the transplant and the pregnancy onset was higher than 2 years, there were slight obstetric incidences as high blood pressure in one of the patients, the end of pregnancy was at-term in the three patients with cesarean section due obstetric indications, the three babies had appropriate weight birth and Apgar scores; the liver function remained normal in two patients and in one of them the liver enzymes were normal adapting the immunosuppression. The immunosuppressive treatment was applied using anticalcineurinic drugs (Tracolimus or Cyclosporine) in monotherapy during pregnancy. The post-transplant interval over 2 years for the onset of pregnancy and graft stability lead to a good evolution of pregnant


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos
19.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 35(3)sept.-dic. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-45018

RESUMO

El gran tamaño de algunos tumores ha sido descrito con asombro a través del tiempo. Entre ellos se incluyen los ginecológicos, sobre los cuales se describen casos de crecimiento descomunal, e incluyen los uterinos u ovàricos. El caso de mayor tamaño fue descrito por Hunt en 1888 como hallazgo en una necropsia, con el asombroso peso de 63,5 kg. La terminología de estos tumores de gran tamaño contiene calificativos muy variados y confusos, entre los cuales se incluyen inmensos, enormes extensos, voluminosos, masivos, grandes, muy grandes, gigantes, gigantescos. Beacham y otros, en 1971 definieron como gigantes a los tumores uterinos u ovàricos con peso superior a 25 lbs (11,3 kg). Briceño-Pérez y otros en el año 2001 propusieron utilizar el término de grandes miomas uterinos (GMU) para aquellos con peso entre 0,8 Kg (peso límite aproximado para decidir la vía quirúrgica abdominal o vaginal) y 11,3 Kg (peso límite establecido por Beacham y colaboradores para los miomas uterinos gigantes). El caso que se presenta fue operado el día 20 de enero de 2009 en el Centro de Investigaciones Médico Quirúrgicas, al cual se le realizó histerectomía total con el diagnóstico de miomatosis gigante del útero cuyo peso fue de 11,31 kg. Se hacen recomendaciones para el manejo quirúrgico de las pacientes con tumores ginecológicos gigantes(AU)


The large size of some tumors has been described with surprise over the time. Among them are included the gynecologic ones, on which are presented cases of an enormous growth and the uterine and ovarian types are also included. The largest size of a tumor was described by Hunt in 1888 as a necropsy finding, which weighing 63,5 kg. Terminology of these large size tumors include very varied and confused epithets: inmenses, huges, extensive, bulkies, mass, larges, very larges, giants , and gigantics. Beachman et al, in 1971 defined as giants the uterine or ovarian tumors weighing more than 25 pounds (11,3 kg). Briceño-Pérez et al in 2001 proposed the use of the term large uterine myomas (LUM) for those weighing between 0,8 kg (limit weight established by Beacham et al for the giant uterine myomas). Present case was operated on in January 20, 2009 in Medical and Surgical Researches Center, performing a total hysterectomy diagnosed with uterine giant myomatosis weighing 11,31 kg. Authors made recommendations on surgical management of patients presenting giant gynecological tumors(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Leiomioma/cirurgia , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirurgia
20.
Rev. cuba. obstet. ginecol ; 35(3)sept.-dic. 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-45012

RESUMO

Muchos investigadores, afirman que la mayor parte de los cánceres escamosos del cérvix se originan a partir de las neoplasias intraepiteliales cervicales (NIC). Un metaanálisis informó que los NIC I tienen una incidencia media global de progresión a carcinoma in situ del 11 por ciento y de 1 por ciento hacia cáncer invasivo. En los últimos años, la conducta expectante ha sido adoptada en concordancia con las publicaciones, que señalan poca progresión o hasta normalización de estas lesiones. OBJETIVOS: evaluar el comportamiento evolutivo de las NIC I y conocer algunos factores clínicos y sociodemográficos de las pacientes con estas lesiones. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio prospectivo observacional, en el servicio de Ginecología del Centro de Investigaciones Médico Quirúrgicas en 55 mujeres diagnosticadas como NIC I entre los meses de enero de 1994 y diciembre 1995. RESULTADOS: el 74,6 por ciento tenía entre 25 y 39 años. El 80 por ciento tuvo su primera relación sexual antes de los 20 años. El tabaquismo fue referido por el 12,7 por ciento. El uso de anticoncepción hormonal fue del 14,5 por ciento. A los dos años de evolución: las citologías fueron negativas en el 72,7 por ciento, persistió NIC I en el 10,9 por ciento y el 9,1 por ciento tuvo progresión de la enfermedad en este período. CONCLUSIONES: la NIC I fue más frecuente en mujeres en la etapa reproductiva y las que comenzaron su vida sexual antes de los 20 años. La regresión de las lesiones se observó en algo más de 7 de cada 10 mujeres, persistió en casi 2 de cada 10 y la progresión de la enfermedad en1 una de cada 10(AU)


Many researchers confirm that the cervical scamous cancers are caused by cervical intraepithelial neoplasms (CIN). A meta-analysis reported that CIN I have a global mean incidence of progression to in situ carcinoma of 11 percent and of 19 percent to invasive cancer. In past years, expected behavior has been adopted in concordance with publications signaling little progression or up a normalization of these lesions. AIMS: To assess the evolutionary behavior of the CINs I and also to know some clinical and sociodemographic factors of patients presenting these lesions. METHODS: An observational and prospective study was carried out in Genecology Service of Medical Surgical Research Center in 55 women diagnosed with CIN I from January,1994 to December, 1995. RESULTS: The 74,6 percent had between 25 and 39 years old. The 80 percent had its first sexual intercourse before 20 years old. Smoking was referred by the 12,7 percent. Use of hormonal contraceptives was of 14,5 percent. At two years of course: cytology tests were negative in 72,7 percent, CINs I persisted in 10,9 percent, and 9,1 percent had a disease progression at this stage. CONCLUSIONS: CIN I was the more frequent entity in women in reproductive age, and those having its sexual life before 20 years old. Lesions regression was present in more than 7 of each 10 women, persisting in almost 2 of each 10, and disease progression in 1 of each 10(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero
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