Halogen halos: Report of an early histopathologic finding in iododerma.

Iododerma is a rare cutaneous eruption that manifests after exposure to iodine-containing compounds, with few cases reported in the literature. Previous reports of this halogenoderma have described acellular halos simulating cryptococcus on histopathological examination but there is a paucity of reports of biopsies taken early in the disease course. We present a case of a 78-year-old patient who developed a papular eruption after receiving iodinated contrast. A skin biopsy taken within 24 h of the eruption showed a neutrophilic infiltrate with cryptococcal-like acellular haloed structures, indicating that the diagnostic finding may be found early in the disease course.

Anti-TIF-1α/γ Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis Associated With Metastatic Prostatic Adenocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness and distinct skin findings. DM is associated with an increased risk of malignancy in adults. We describe a case of dermatomyositis with unusually severe oropharyngeal dysphagia and respiratory muscle weakness on presentation, who was found to have underlying metastatic prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is uncommonly associated with DM. The patient tested positive for antitranscription intermediate family-1 (anti-TIF-1, also known as anti-p155/410) antibodies, which are linked to malignancy-associated DM in adults and are associated with dysphagia and more severe cutaneous findings.

Optical coherence tomography.

During the past decade, noninvasive imaging has emerged as a valuable tool in clinical dermatology and dermatologic research. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one such type of noninvasive imaging. OCT uses the principle of interferometry to produce real-time images. A low-power diode laser shines infrared light onto tissues, which reflects back to an optical fiber interferometer. Using time delay and the backscattered light intensity, a two-dimensional image akin to an ultrasound is rendered. We review the history, types, and modalities of OCT, plus the many applications of frequency domain, high definition, and dynamic OCT in practice, including its utility in diagnosis, monitoring, and grading disease severity in a variety of cutaneous conditions.

Emerging noninvasive treatments of nonmelanoma skin cancers.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy worldwide, and the incidence continues to increase. Originally, treatment options for NMSCs largely relied on destructive and surgical methods. Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) commonly are treated with cryosurgery, electrodesiccation and curettage, or more definitive surgical options. Over time, topical agents such as 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, ingenol mebutate, and various forms of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) were included for superficial lesions as well as field treatment. The development of oral hedgehog (Hh) inhibitors such as vismodegib offered a promising alternative to patients with advanced disease. Each treatment has its own specific indications and side effects, thus there is always room for novel therapeutic approaches. We review new and potential treatments for NMSCs since 2018 including topical sonidegib, cemiplimab, taladegib, posaconazole, radiation therapy (RT), combination RT with vismodegib, PDT, and laser therapies.

New and Emerging Topical Therapies for Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis.

Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis represent two of the most common skin conditions seen by both primary care and specialist dermatology. The prevalence of psoriasis in North America is 2 to 4 percent, and it is estimated to cost more than $3 billion per year to treat this condition. Atopic dermatitis has an estimated 15 to 30 percent lifetime prevalence in children and an 8 to 10 percent lifetime prevalence in adults. Both diseases have a significant impact on patient quality of life, as well as associated psychological, social, and economic consequences. While systemic therapies are available for both, the majority of patients with each condition are treated with topical therapies alone, with varying degrees of efficacy and patient satisfaction. As such, there is both need and an incentive to develop new treatments for these two conditions. In this paper, we review new and emerging topical therapies for psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

Patient-driven management using same-day noninvasive diagnosis and complete laser treatment of basal cell carcinomas: a pilot study.

The increasing incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) poses a serious public health concern. Standard care for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) requires patients to attend multiple visits for diagnosis and treatment. This pilot study describes a model of care that aims to alleviate some of the demand placed both on the specialty and on patients by utilizing a novel same-day approach to BCC management with noninvasive diagnosis, same-day treatment, and noninvasive imaging follow-up. This study evaluates the efficacy of the 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser for treating BCC while leveraging noninvasive imaging technology for diagnosis and confirmation of clearance.