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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 35(4): 796-804, 2018 Jun 28.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30070866

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of MS in adolescents from Morelos is unknown. Certain risk eating behaviors (REB) may be associated with this phenotype. OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of MS in adolescents and its association with REB. METHODS: cross-sectional study in junior high schools and high schools from Morelos. Anthropometric, clinical data, perception of body image and REB were investigated. MS was diagnosed with international criteria for adolescents and their association with REB was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95). RESULTS: a total of 869 adolescents aged 14.6 ± 1.6 years were studied. They reported 2.6 ± 1.8 REB; the overall score was 5.9 ± 0.33. The 16.6% presented moderate or high REB risk. The prevalence of MS (6.7%) was associated with the REB score (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3]), a value that remained after adjusting for age, sex, breakfast omission, residence region, perception of body image and background family of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or infarction (ODHI), ORadj 1.2 (1.1-1.3), pseudo R2 = 0.14, Chi-squared 16.7, p < 0.03. CONCLUSION: MS was more frequent in men, who were perceived to be thinner and with two or more family history of ODHI. It is suggested to influence the self-perception of overweight or obesity, to educate about compulsive behaviors, undergo diets, fasting and exercise to prevent MS.


Introducción: el síndrome metabólico (SM) es un problema de salud asociado a diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se desconoce la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes del estado de Morelos. Ciertas conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) podrían estar asociadas a ese fenotipo.Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes y su asociación con las CAR.Métodos: estudio transversal en escuelas secundarias y preparatorias de Morelos. Se investigaron datos antropométricos, clínicos, percepción de la imagen corporal y de las CAR. El SM se diagnosticó con criterios internacionales para adolescentes y se analizó su asociación con las CAR. Mediante análisis de regresión logística se estimaron razones de momios (RM) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95).Resultados: fueron estudiados 869 adolescentes de 14,6 ± 1,6 años. Reportaron 2,6 ± 1,8 CAR; el puntaje global fue 5,9 ± 0,33. El 16,6% presentaba riesgo CAR moderado o alto. La prevalencia de SM (6,7%) estuvo asociada al puntaje de CAR, RM 1,2 (1,1-1,3), valor que permaneció después de ajustar por edad, sexo, omisión del desayuno, región de residencia, percepción de la imagen corporal y de antecedentes familiares de obesidad, diabetes, hipertensión o infarto (ODHI), RMaj 1,2 (1,1-1,3), pseudo R2 = 0,14, Chi cuadrado 16,7, p < 0,03.Conclusión: el SM fue más frecuente en hombres, que se percibían más delgados y con dos o más antecedentes familiares ODHI. Se sugiere incidir sobre la autopercepción del sobrepeso u obesidad y educar sobre conductas compulsivas, seguimiento de dietas, ayunos y ejercicio para prevenir el SM.


Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/psicologia , Adolescente , Desjejum , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Assunção de Riscos , Fatores Sexuais , Estudantes
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 35(4): 796-804, jul.-ago. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-179870

RESUMO

Introducción: el síndrome metabólico (SM) es un problema de salud asociado a diabetes y enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se desconoce la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes del estado de Morelos. Ciertas conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) podrían estar asociadas a ese fenotipo. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de SM en adolescentes y su asociación con las CAR. Métodos: estudio transversal en escuelas secundarias y preparatorias de Morelos. Se investigaron datos antropométricos, clínicos, percepción de la imagen corporal y de las CAR. El SM se diagnosticó con criterios internacionales para adolescentes y se analizó su asociación con las CAR. Mediante análisis de regresión logística se estimaron razones de momios (RM) e intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95).Resultados: fueron estudiados 869 adolescentes de 14,6 ± 1,6 años. Reportaron 2,6 ± 1,8 CAR; el puntaje global fue 5,9 ± 0,33. El 16,6% presentaba riesgo CAR moderado o alto. La prevalencia de SM (6,7%) estuvo asociada al puntaje de CAR, RM 1,2 (1,1-1,3), valor que permaneció después de ajustar por edad, sexo, omisión del desayuno, región de residencia, percepción de la imagen corporal y de antecedentes familiares de obesidad, diabetes, hipertensión o infarto (ODHI), RMaj 1,2 (1,1-1,3), pseudo R2 = 0,14, Chi cuadrado 16,7, p < 0,03.Conclusión: el SM fue más frecuente en hombres, que se percibían más delgados y con dos o más antecedentes familiares ODHI. Se sugiere incidir sobre la autopercepción del sobrepeso u obesidad y educar sobre conductas compulsivas, seguimiento de dietas, ayunos y ejercicio para prevenir el SM


Introduction: metabolic syndrome (MS) is a health problem associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of MS in adolescents from Morelos is unknown. Certain risk eating behaviors (REB) may be associated with this phenotype. Objective: to determine the prevalence of MS in adolescents and its association with REB. Methods: cross-sectional study in junior high schools and high schools from Morelos. Anthropometric, clinical data, perception of body image and REB were investigated. MS was diagnosed with international criteria for adolescents and their association with REB was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95). Results: a total of 869 adolescents aged 14.6 ± 1.6 years were studied. They reported 2.6 ± 1.8 REB; the overall score was 5.9 ± 0.33. The 16.6% presented moderate or high REB risk. The prevalence of MS (6.7%) was associated with the REB score (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3]), a value that remained after adjusting for age, sex, breakfast omission, residence region, perception of body image and background family of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or infarction (ODHI), ORadj 1.2 (1.1-1.3), pseudo R2 = 0.14, Chi-squared 16.7, p < 0.03. Conclusion: MS was more frequent in men, who were perceived to be thinner and with two or more family history of ODHI. It is suggested to influence the self-perception of overweight or obesity, to educate about compulsive behaviors, undergo diets, fasting and exercise to prevent MS


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Comportamento Alimentar , Desjejum , Estudos Transversais , México/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Assunção de Riscos , Fatores Sexuais , Estudantes
3.
Rev. esp. nutr. comunitaria ; 18(1): 12-18, ene.-mar. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129102

RESUMO

Fundamentos: Son escasos los instrumentos para la valoración de la calidad de la dieta en poblaciones. Uno es The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), creado en Estados Unidos en 1995; el objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer la calidad de la alimentación de mujeres adolescentes de la zona oriente del estado de Morelos, México, adecuando este índice a la población mexicana. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal. Se aplicaron encuestas alimentarias con Recordatorio de 24 horas de un día a 514 adolescentes, para calcular el consumo de alimentos de acuerdo al Sistema Mexicano de Alimentos Equivalentes y se comparó con la recomendación para la edad, las metas nutricionales y la variedad de la dieta. Resultados: La edad promedio del grupo fue de 13,8 años (DE 1,2). El Índice de Masa Corporal promedio de las participantes fue de 20,3 kg/m2 (DE 3,2). Sólo el 1% de esta población tiene una alimentación de buena calidad, según la recomendación establecida para la edad usando el HEI. Conclusiones: Fue posible evaluar la calidad de la dieta de las adolescentes del estudio modificando el HEI, a población mexicana. El 98,8% de la población de estudio tuvo una alimentación poco saludable, o necesita realizar modificaciones en ella (AU)


Background: The instruments for the assessment of the quality of the diet in populations are scarce. One is The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) created in the United States in 1995. The aim of the present work was to assess the quality of the diet of adolescent women in the eastern area of the Morelos state , Mexico, adapting this index to the Mexican population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study. Applied food consumption surveys with a 24-hour dietary recalls to 514 adolescents, in order to calculate the consumption of food according to the Mexican System of Food Equivalents and compared this with the age recommendations, the nutritional goals and the variety of the diet. Results: The average age of the group was 13.8 years (1.2). The Body Mass Index average of the participants was 20.3 kg/m2 (3.2). Only 1% of the population has a diet of good quality, according to the recommendation for the age using the HEI. Conclusions: It was possible to evaluate the quality of the diet of the adolescents in the study by modifying the HEI, according to the Mexican population. 98.8% of the population studied had an unhealthy diet, or they need to make modifications to it (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Registros de Dieta , Inquéritos sobre Dietas/instrumentação , Inquéritos sobre Dietas/métodos , Inquéritos sobre Dietas/tendências , Dieta/métodos , Dieta/estatística & dados numéricos , Dietoterapia/métodos , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento do Adolescente/fisiologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição/fisiologia , Distúrbios Nutricionais/complicações , Distúrbios Nutricionais/dietoterapia , Distúrbios Nutricionais/diagnóstico
4.
J Food Sci ; 75(3): H73-8, 2010 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20492296

RESUMO

A heme-iron concentrate product derived from swine hemoglobin was used to enrich the chocolate-flavored filling of biscuits and the bioavailability of this source of heme-iron was assessed in adolescent girls. The placebo control (PC) group consisted of 35 teenagers with the highest baseline hemoglobin concentrations. The supplemented groups were randomized to receive biscuits fortified with iron sulfate (IS, n = 37) or heme-iron concentrate (HIC, n = 40). Both groups were supplemented with 10.3 mg Fe/d for 7 wk. Blood chemistry and hematology analyses were performed at baseline and at the end of the study. The baseline prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dl) in the entire group was 3.9% and by the end of the study it had fallen to 2.3%. The hemoglobin levels in both supplemented groups increased (P < 0.05) during the study period from 13.6 and 13.5 g/dl for HIC and IS, respectively, at baseline to 14 g/dl at the end of the study. Serum ferritin concentrations decreased by the end of the study in both the PC and IS groups (P < 0.05), but not in the heme group. In conclusion, iron bioavailability from HIC-fortified biscuits was calculated to be 23.7% higher than that observed for IS, as shown by the differences observed in serum ferritin levels during the study. The iron contained in the heme-iron concentrate was well absorbed and tolerated by the adolescents included in the study.


Assuntos
Alimentos Fortificados , Heme/administração & dosagem , Ferro/farmacocinética , Adolescente , Anemia Ferropriva/sangue , Anemia Ferropriva/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Criança , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Alimentos Fortificados/análise , Testes Hematológicos , Heme/isolamento & purificação , Heme/uso terapêutico , Hemoglobinas/análise , Hemoglobinas/química , Humanos , Ferro/sangue , Ferro/uso terapêutico , México , População Rural , Sus scrofa
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