Metal contaminants in rice from Cuba analyzed by ICP-MS, ICP-AES and CVAAS.

Mercury, lead, cadmium and arsenic are considered hazardous pollutants in the environment, which can result in a risk for human health. This study aimed to determine the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn by ICP-MS, CVAAS and ICP-AES in paddy and brown rice, grown in different soils of Cuba. The interest to include Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn was because these elements are found in very high levels in agricultural soils. To assess the safety of the dietary intake of these metals, the estimated weekly intake was calculated. The contents of Cd and As were below the maximum limits. A higher value was obtained for Pb when compared to Codex Alimentarius limits. The weekly intake of Cr and Ni was higher than the maximum weekly intake recommended by FAO/WHO.

Biomonitoreo de la contaminación atmosférica en La Habana durante la campaña 2004-2005 / Biomonitoring of the atmospheric pollution in Havana during 2004-2005 survey

RESUMEN Para evaluar la calidad del aire en La Habana se utilizó como bioindicador una especie de liquen epífi to (physcia alba sp.) que crece sobre Palma real (Roystonea regia). Se colectó un total de 225 muestras de líquenes en 181 sitios seleccionados de acuerdo con las condiciones de contaminación por tráfi co y actividades industriales. Se determinaron las concentraciones de 15 elementos (Na, Mg, Al, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd and Pb), empleando espectrofotometría de absorción atómica, fluorescencia de rayos X por refl exión total y voltametría de redisolución anódica. Se aplicaron métodos estadísticos (componentes principales) a los resultados analíticos y se obtuvieron y seleccionaron varios factores. Por último se presentan mapas con los perfiles de distribución elementales y de factores y su posible correlación con distintas fuentes de contaminación.

ABSTRACT An epiphytic lichen (physcia alba sp.) grown over Royal Palm (Roystonea regia) tree was used as bioindicator of air quality in Havana City. A total of 225 lichen samples were collected in 181 selected sites according to traffic and industrial conditions. The concentrations of 15 elements (Na, Mg, Al, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd and Pb) were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. Principal Component Analysis was applied to analytical results and some factors were obtained. Finally, maps with lichen elemental contents and factors’ patterns are presented. Several possible pollution sources were identified.