RESUMO
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) comprise a large group of compounds of mostly plant origin. The best-known compound is hyperforin from St. John's wort with its antidepressant, antitumor and antimicrobial properties. The chemical synthesis of PPAP variants allows the generation of compounds with improved activity and compatibility. Here, we studied the antimicrobial activity of two synthetic PPAP-derivatives, the water-insoluble PPAP23 and the water-soluble sodium salt PPAP53. In vitro, both compounds exhibited good activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Both compounds had no adverse effects on Galleria mellonella wax moth larvae. However, they were unable to protect the larvae from infection with S. aureus because components of the larval coelom neutralized the antimicrobial activity; a similar effect was also seen with serum albumin. In silico docking studies with PPAP53 revealed that it binds to the F1 pocket of human serum albumin with a binding energy of -7.5 kcal/mol. In an infection model of septic arthritis, PPAP23 decreased the formation of abscesses and S. aureus load in kidneys; in a mouse skin abscess model, topical treatment with PPAP53 reduced S. aureus counts. Both PPAPs were active against anaerobic Gram-positive gut bacteria such as neurotransmitter-producing Clostridium, Enterococcus or Ruminococcus species. Based on these results, we foresee possible applications in the decolonization of pathogens.
Assuntos
Cetonas , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina , Compostos de Espiro , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Enterococcus faecium/efeitos dos fármacos , Cetonas/química , Cetonas/farmacologia , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Mariposas/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos de Espiro/química , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Aneurisma Roto/complicações , Aneurisma Intracraniano/complicações , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/etiologia , Disfunções Sexuais Psicogênicas/etiologia , Adulto , Aneurisma Roto/diagnóstico por imagem , Lobo Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Disfunções Sexuais Fisiológicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Disfunções Sexuais Psicogênicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomógrafos ComputadorizadosRESUMO
Though primarily considered entertainment, cinema is a mirror of society. The portrayal of neurosciences is common in cinema, but none could do it better than Jack Nicholson. We give a brief overview of his contribution to neurosciences by analyzing his acting skills.
Assuntos
Pessoas Famosas , Transtornos Mentais , Filmes Cinematográficos , Neurociências/educação , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Filmes Cinematográficos/tendências , Neurociências/tendênciasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Near-Death experience (NDE) following a severe head injury, critical illness, coma, and suicidal attempt has been reported. PURPOSE: Purpose of study was to examine why a few patients report NDE after survival, do cultural and socio-demographic factors may play a role? METHODS: The details of 3 cases of patients who reported near-death experience (NDE), is presented here. Several theories regarding the reasons, of the various components of the experiences, are discussed with a brief review of literature. RESULTS: All the three patients report the out of body experience OBE. All the three patients reported to remember initially the events that took place during this time, but after some time all three patients could not recall exactly the events that had happened. CONCLUSION: Whether these are only hallucinations or a proof of 'after life' will remain debatable until more data is communicated.