Exploring the therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies targeting TSLP and IgE in asthma management.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the utilization of biologic therapies for the management of asthma. Both TSLP and IgE are important immune molecules in the development of asthma, and they are involved in the occurrence and regulation of inflammatory response. METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to gather information on anti-TSLP antibody and anti-IgE antibody. RESULTS: This investigation elucidates the distinct mechanistic roles of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the pathogenesis of asthma, with a particular emphasis on delineating the therapeutic mechanisms and pharmacological properties of monoclonal antibodies targeting IgE and TSLP. Through a meticulous examination of clinical trials involving paradigmatic agents such as omalizumab and tezepelumab, we offer valuable insights into the potential treatment modalities for diseases with shared immunopathogenic pathways involving IgE and TSLP. CONCLUSION: The overarching objective of this comprehensive study is to delve into the latest advancements in asthma therapeutics and to provide guidance for future investigations in this domain.

Theoretical Study of Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Borane Catalyzed by Metal and Non-Metal Diatom-Doped Cobalt Phosphide.

The decomposition of ammonia borane (NH3BH3) to produce hydrogen has developed a promising technology to alleviate the energy crisis. In this paper, metal and non-metal diatom-doped CoP as catalyst was applied to study hydrogen evolution from NH3BH3 by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Herein, five catalysts were investigated in detail: pristine CoP, Ni- and N-doped CoP (CoPNi-N), Ga- and N-doped CoP (CoPGa-N), Ni- and S-doped CoP (CoPNi-S), and Zn- and S-doped CoP (CoPZn-S). Firstly, the stable adsorption structure and adsorption energy of NH3BH3 on each catalytic slab were obtained. Additionally, the charge density differences (CDD) between NH3BH3 and the five different catalysts were calculated, which revealed the interaction between the NH3BH3 and the catalytic slab. Then, four different reaction pathways were designed for the five catalysts to discuss the catalytic mechanism of hydrogen evolution. By calculating the activation energies of the control steps of the four reaction pathways, the optimal reaction pathways of each catalyst were found. For the five catalysts, the optimal reaction pathways and activation energies are different from each other. Compared with undoped CoP, it can be seen that CoPGa-N, CoPNi-S, and CoPZn-S can better contribute hydrogen evolution from NH3BH3. Finally, the band structures and density of states of the five catalysts were obtained, which manifests that CoPGa-N, CoPNi-S, and CoPZn-S have high-achieving catalytic activity and further verifies our conclusions. These results can provide theoretical references for the future study of highly active CoP catalytic materials.

Constructing a defect-rich hydroxide nanoenzyme sensor based on dielectric barrier discharge microplasma etching for sensitive detection of thiamine hydrochloride and hydrogen peroxide.

In this work, a novel approach was designed to fabricate a defect-rich hydroxide nanoenzyme sensor based on transition metal cobalt derived from metal-organic framework (MOF). Facile preparation was realized by room-temperature reaction and chemical etching via dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) microplasma, which possesses great chemical reactivity to obtain defect-rich and ultrathin structures. The prepared cobalt hydroxide (Co(OH)2) emerges with superior catalytic activity for thiamine hydrochloride (TCL) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assay. The linear ranges were 0.0006 mM to 2.75 mM for TCL detection and 0.001 mM to 5.5 mM for H2O2 detection with low limit of detections (LODs) of 14 nM and 93 nM, respectively. Meanwhile, the as-prepared sensor provides excellent long-term durability (>25 days), as well as high sensitivity (12730 µA mM-1cm-2 and 5199.3 µA mM-1 cm-2) for TCL and H2O2 assay. TCL in serum samples has been detected with satisfactory results by the proposed material, while the H2O2 in Hela cells was also successfully measured. The developed sensor provides several advantages including simplicity, high sensitivity, and efficient preparation.

The adsorption characteristics and degradation mechanism of tinidazole on an anatase TiO2 surface: a DFT study.

The adsorption characteristics and degradation mechanism of tinidazole on TiO2(101) and (001) surfaces under vacuum and aqueous solution conditions were studied by density functional theory (DFT). The results show that tinidazole can adsorb on the surfaces of TiO2(101) and (001) under different conditions. The hydrogen bond generated during the adsorption process can enhance the stability of the adsorption configuration, which makes the bond length of C-N of tinidazole longer and finally facilitates the ring-opening degradation reaction. As for the mechanism of the ring-opening degradation reaction, it was found that ring-opening can be carried out along reaction route II on both crystal surfaces, and the reaction activation energy is lower on (101) surface. Under the conditions of aqueous solution, the decrease of the activation energy of the ring-opening degradation reaction indicates that the solvent conditions can promote the degradation reaction.

Theoretical study of adsorption characteristics and the environmental influence for metronidazole on photocatalytic TiO2 anatase surfaces.

The adsorption characteristics of metronidazole on anatase TiO2(101) and (001) surfaces were studied by density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption structure of metronidazole on anatase TiO2(101) and (001) surfaces has been optimized under vacuum, water, acidic, and alkaline conditions, respectively. The optimum adsorption site, adsorption energy, and electronic structure of the stable adsorption model were calculated. The adsorption characteristics of metronidazole on two different surfaces of TiO2 were studied under acidic and alkaline conditions. Our calculated results found that the adsorption energy range is -0.95 ~ -3.11 eV on the TiO2 (101) surface, and the adsorption energy range is -0.84 ~ -3.29 eV on the TiO2 (001) surface. The adsorption wavelengths of electron transition between valence band and conduction band of metronidazole on the anatase TiO2(101) surface is in the range of visible wavelength, indicating that the TiO2(101) surface can effectively utilize visible light. However, the photocatalytic effect of the TiO2(001) surface is greatly affected by the environment. The results reveal the adsorption characteristics and the environmental influence for metronidazole on photocatalytic anatase TiO2 surfaces. Graphical abstract The adsorption characteristics of metronidazole on anatase TiO2(101) and (001) crystal surfaces were studied by density functional theory (DFT).