Knowledge atlas analysis of virtual vascular interventional studies.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the research status, hot spots, and development trend of virtual vascular intervention simulation training in order to organize the knowledge and support its practice. METHODS: Publications on virtual vascular intervention and respective teaching evaluation (2001-2021) were retrieved from Web of Science. Citespace 5.2.R2 and Carrot2 software was used to perform the bibliometric and visual analysis on virtual vascular intervention research networks. RESULTS: Of the 1543 articles retrieved, 1520 were relevant to virtual vascular intervention research. Studies on vascular intervention emerged from 2002 with an upward trend being observed from 2010. The trend peaked between 2019 and 2020 with ∼140 published articles (9.21%) during the period. Spain published most studies (n = 146) followed by USA (n = 99) and England (n = 49). COMPUT EDUC (n = 177; 14.47%) journal publishing the highest number of articles. Among 705 authors, GARRISON D R, MAYER RE, DEDE C, COOK DA had highest publications. The frequent keywords used were "Virtual reality" (n = 105) and "education" (n = 105). Low cooperation between countries, authors' networks, and relatively stable academic team was noted making clinical application of virtual vascular intervention weak. CONCLUSION: Considerable growth was observed in vascular intervention therapy using VR technology in the last 20 years. With consistent efforts like strengthening cross-institutional and multidisciplinary collaboration networks, VR based simulation training capability can be increased that in turn can improve the outcomes of complex vascular interventions.

Clinical efficacy and prognostic influencing factors of open abdomen technique for acute pancreatitis with abdominal compartment syndrome / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognostic influencing factors of open abdomen technique for acute pancreatitis with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 186 patients of acute pancreatitis with ACS who were admitted to 6 hospitals, including 65 cases in the 910th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People′s Liberation Army, 46 cases in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 33 cases in the Fujian Provincial Hospital, 31 cases in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 7 cases in the People′s Hospital Affiliated to Quanzhou Medical College, 4 cases in the Shishi General Hospital, from January 2013 to December 2020 were collected. There were 142 males and 44 females, aged (43±8)years. Observation indica-tors: (1) patients conditions after being treatment with open abdomen technique; (2) analysis of clinical characteristics in patients with different treatment outcomes; (3) changing trend of the volume of urine output, levels of lactic acid, levels of enteral nutrient intake and the sequential organ failure score in patients with different treatment outcomes; (4) influencing factors for prognosis of patients. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and compari-son between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or the continuity correction chi-square test. Repeated measurement data were analyzed using the repeated ANOVA. Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analyses. The COX regression model was used for univariate analysis and COX regression model with forward regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results:(1) Patients conditions after being treatment with open abdomen technique. Intra-abdominal pressure, oxygena-tion index, levels of lactic acid and sequential organ failure score of the 186 patients were (23.3±1.9)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (121±24)mmHg, (5.0±3.4)mmol/L and 10.4±3.6 before the treatment with open abdomen technique and (11.2±2.9)mmHg, (222±38)mmHg, (3.2±2.1)mmol/L and 4.4±2.3 at postoperative 168 hours, showing significant differences in time effects before and after the treatment ( Ftime=855.26,208.50, 174.91,208.47, P<0.05). (2) Analysis of clinical characteristics in patients with different treatment outcomes. Of the 186 patients, 166 cases survived and were discharged, and 20 cases died during hospitalization. Age, sequential organ failure score, duration of ACS and levels of lactic acid during hospitalization before the treatment with open abdomen technique were (41±7)years, 9.4±3.4, 13(10,21)hours and (4.2±0.6)mmol/L in surviving patients, versus (45±6)years, 11.5±2.4, 65(39,84)hours and (5.2±0.5)mmol/L in dead patients, respectively, showing significant differences between them ( t=-2.10, -2.71, Z=-5.36, t=-7.16, P<0.05). Duration of postoperative acute gastro-intestinal injury, duration of continuous renal replacement therapy, time to liberation from mech-anical ventilation, duration of vasoactive drugs therapy, cases undergoing early abdominal closure, cases without intestinal fistula or with postoperative high-order intestinal fistula and low-order intestinal fistula during hospitalization after the treatment with open abdomen technique were 4(2,6)days, 4(3,7)days, 34(21,41)days, 3(2,6)days, 126, 131, 23, 12 in surviving patients, versus 13(10,17)days, 10(8,18)days, 0(0,3)days, 8(6,12)days, 1, 2, 15, 3 in dead patients, respectively, showing significant differences between them ( Z=-5.60, -3.75, -3.64, -3.06, χ2=41.43, 45.86, P<0.05). (3) Changing trend of the volume of urine output, levels of lactic acid, levels of enteral nutrient intake and the sequential organ failure score in patients with different treatment outcomes. The volume of urine output, levels of lactic acid, levels of enteral nutrient intake and the sequential organ failure score in surviving patients during hospitalization were (0.29±0.10)mL/(kg·h), (4.2±0.6)mmol/L, 0.0 kcal/(kg·d) and 9.4±3.4 before the treatment with open abdomen technique and (2.22±0.15)mL/(kg·h), (1.9±0.7)mmol/L, (20.7±2.9)kcal/(kg·d) and 3.7±2.2 at postoperative 168 hours. The above indicators in dead patients during hospitalization were (0.28±0.08)mL/(kg·h), (5.2±0.5)mmol/L, 0.0kcal/(kg·d) and 11.5±2.4 before the treatment with open abdomen technique and (0.28±0.09)mL/(kg·h), (7.7±0.8)mmol/L, (4.6±1.8)kcal/(kg·d) and 12.4±2.1 at postoperative 168 hours. There were significant differences in time effects in the above indicators in surviving patients and dead patients before and after the treatment with open abdomen technique ( Ftime=425.57, 188.59, 394.84, 37.52, P<0.05). There were interactive effects between the above indicators and the treatment outcome at different time points ( Finteraction=383.14, 233.04, 169.83, 36.61, P<0.05). There were signifi-cant differences in the change trends of the above indicators between the surviving patients and the dead patients during hospitalization ( Fgouprs=2 739.56, 877.98, 542.05, 240.85, P<0.05). (4) Influen-cing factors for prognosis of patients. Results of univariate analysis showed that age, sequential organ failure score, duration of ACS before surgery, procalcitonin, lactic acid, postoperative high-order intestinal fistula, abdominal hemorrhage, duration of postoperative acute gastrointestinal injury, duration of continuous renal replacement therapy, duration of vasoactive drugs therapy, early abdominal closure were related factors influencing prognosis of patients under-going treatment with open abdomen technique ( hazard ratio=1.07, 1.18, 1.39, 1.16, 8.25, 12.26, 2.83, 1.29, 1.56, 1.41, 0.02, 95% confidence interval as 1.00-1.15, 1.45-2.27, 1.22-1.57, 1.02-1.32, 1.75-38.90, 7.37-41.23, 1.16-6.93, 1.22-1.37, 1.23-1.99, 1.08-1.84, 0.00-0.16, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that extended duration of ACS before surgery, postoperative high-order intestinal fistula and extended duration of postoperative acute gastrointestinal injury were independent risk factors influencing prognosis of patients undergoing treatment with open abdomen technique ( hazard ratio=1.05, 7.95, 1.17, 95% confidence interval as 1.01-1.32, 2.05-30.87, 1.13-1.95, P<0.05) and early abdominal closure was an independent protective factor ( hazard ratio=0.10, 95% confidence interval as 0.01-0.89, P<0.05). Results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that duration of ACS was positively correlated with sequential organ failure score before surgery ( r=0.71, P<0.05). Conclusions:Open abdomen technique is effective for acute pancreatitis with ACS. Extended duration of ACS before surgery, postoperative high-order intestinal fistula and extended duration of postoperative acute gastrointestinal injury are independent risk factors for prognosis of patients during hospitalization and early abdominal closure is an independent protective factor.

Preliminary analysis of clinically relevant indicators in two patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ and their family members / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ. Methods Two sibling patients (a sister and a brother) with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ symptoms and other family members were the research objects, and the changes of their features of hand bone imaging, blood indexes [blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb)] and body composition were analyzed. Results Except the 2 patients, the bone morphology, blood indexes and body compositions in other 7 family members were under normal conditions. The phalanx intervals of both hands in 2 patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲwere widened significantly, among them the thumb manifestation was more obvious; the distal segments of phalanxes in both hands became pointed and curved presenting a "claw-like hand" deformity; the metacarpal and distal carpal metaphysis were obviously enlarged, and scaphoid, lunate, trianglar, orbicular, and trapezium and trapezoid bones were loosely arranged at the wrist; the distal ends of ulna and radius were markedly enlarged. Compared to healthy people, the triglyceride levels of serum in the 2 patients were obviously reduced (the percentage of reduction: 57.14% and 41.07% respectively); body mass indexes (BMI), total fat and visceral fat were significantly lowered (BMI reduction percentage:26.81% and 14.55%, total fat reduction percentage: 38.12% and 44.95%, visceral fat reduction percentage: 62.25% and 67.74%, respectively) in the two patients. Conclusion The purpose of studying the biochemistry indexes, imaging characteristics and body compositions is to more deeply understand the clinical symptoms and signs of the 2 sibling patients with mucolipidosis type Ⅲ in a family to provide a theoretical reference.

Practice and thinking of course construction of anatomy in the new situation / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to adapting the course construction of anatomy to the needs of medical education in the new situation,we analyzed and summed up the effect of the course construction of anatomy,and put forward some measures such as working out the plan of course construction sci-entifically,perfecting teachers’training,upgrading content of course as well as the teaching methods and means,strengthening the teaching of experiment,reforming the means and contents of evalua-tion and paying attention to the cultivation of students’innovation and manipulative ability.