Alterations of oral microbiota and impact on the gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes mellitus revealed by integrated multi-omic analyses.

BACKGROUND: Alterations to the gut microbiome have been linked to multiple chronic diseases. However, the drivers of such changes remain largely unknown. The oral cavity acts as a major route of exposure to exogenous factors including pathogens, and processes therein may affect the communities in the subsequent compartments of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we perform strain-resolved, integrated meta-genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses of paired saliva and stool samples collected from 35 individuals from eight families with multiple cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). RESULTS: We identified distinct oral microbiota mostly reflecting competition between streptococcal species. More specifically, we found a decreased abundance of the commensal Streptococcus salivarius in the oral cavity of T1DM individuals, which is linked to its apparent competition with the pathobiont Streptococcus mutans. The decrease in S. salivarius in the oral cavity was also associated with its decrease in the gut as well as higher abundances in facultative anaerobes including Enterobacteria. In addition, we found evidence of gut inflammation in T1DM as reflected in the expression profiles of the Enterobacteria as well as in the human gut proteome. Finally, we were able to follow transmitted strain-variants from the oral cavity to the gut at the individual omic levels, highlighting not only the transfer, but also the activity of the transmitted taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations of the oral microbiome in the context of T1DM impact the microbial communities in the lower gut, in particular through the reduction of "mouth-to-gut" transfer of Streptococcus salivarius. Our results indicate that the observed oral-cavity-driven gut microbiome changes may contribute towards the inflammatory processes involved in T1DM. Through the integration of multi-omic analyses, we resolve strain-variant "mouth-to-gut" transfer in a disease context. Video Abstract.

Organización de los Servicios de Salud en Portugal a Principios del Siglo XX: el Caso de la Sífilis / Organization of the Health Services in Portugal in the Beginning of the 20th Century: The Syphilis’s Case

La lucha contra las enfermedades venéreas como la sífilis se viene dando desde el siglo XVI, desarrollándose significativamente en el siglo XIX, especialmente tras el armisticio de 1918. El gran impacto social sobre todo debido a las malformaciones que causaba la sífilis congénita, poco tiempo después de terminar la primera guerra mundial fue creada la Unión Internacional Contra el Peligro Venéreo [Fragmento de texto] (AU)

Actividad física en la tercera edad: análisis de sus relaciones con la inteligencia emoional percibida y los estilos de respuesta a la depresión / Perceived emotional intelligence, response style and physical actvity in old age

Este estudio se centra en explorar cómo interracciona la ineligencia emocional percibida (IEP) y los estilos de respueta perciida (IEP) y los estilos de respueta con la práctica de la acividad física en los ancianos. La muestra fue constituida por 400 ancianos prougueses, con edades comprendidas entre los 65 y 95 años. La actividad física fue evaluada con el cuestionario de Baecke, adaptado por Voorips et al (1991), la IE con el TMMS-24 (SALOVEY ET AL, 1995) y los estilos de respuesta, con el RTD (Nolen-Hoeksema y Morrow, 1991). Los resultados deosrarn que la práctica de actividad física regular se asociaba cn mayores nivels de IEP (atención t=3,217; p<0,01, claridad t=4,214; p<0,001, reparación: t=5,663; p<0,001) y mayores respuetas de distracción (t=3,072; p<0,001). En conclusión, el ejercicio fisico regular puede ser u factor protector contra el deterioro de la IE de los ancianos y constituir de hecho una respuesta adaptaiva de distracción de sus sentimientos depresivos(AU)

This study is focused on the way emotional intelligence and response style interacts with physical activity of the The sample consisted of 400 elderly people portuguese with ages ranging from 65 to 95. Elerly people. The measuremetn of the physical activity with the questionnaire by Baecke adapted by Voorrips et al (1991). The El of MMS-24; Salovey et al., 1995). We used the SRS to assess response style (Nolen-Hoeksema y Morrow, 1991). The results show that the practice of reguar physical activity causes a sigificant improvement inte EIP (attention: t=3,217; p<0,001, clarity: t=4,214; p<0,001, reapir t=5,662; p<0,001) and the “distraction response style” (t=3072; p<0,01). The conclusion of this study show that the elderly people´s aprticiparion in a regular physical activity program amay be a protection factor against deterioration of all emotiona intelligence, and consist of a pleasant disracting response to depressive mood(AU)

[Endocavitary fulguration of accessory pathways in the treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]. / Fulguração endocavitária de vias acessórias no tratamento da síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White.

PURPOSE: To show our first experiments with the treatment of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome through endocavitary fulguration of accessory pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen endocavitary fulguration sessions applied in 9 patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Five were men and the average age was 35 years. RESULTS: We obtained complete interruption of the conduction by the anomalous pathway in 7 cases: 4 of them needed only one session and the remaining 3, two sessions. Three fulguration sessions were carried out with the remaining patient (actually the first to be submitted to the treatment), and the procedure in that case proved to be unable to interrupt the conduction by the anomalous pathway. This patient was submitted to surgical ablation. In all cases it was not observed any cardiologic complications due to the application of this technique. CONCLUSION: The endocavitary fulguration of the accessory pathway is a safe and efficient method and must be considered as a first option when the ablation of the anomalous pathways is indicated.