Tricoscopia en la alopecia areata / Trichoscopy in Alopecia Areata

La alopecia areata es una enfermedad autoinmune, que afecta al folículo piloso. Se presenta en forma de placas alopécicas e incluso pérdida de pelo corporal. El diagnóstico es clínico. Sin embargo, la tricoscopia, una técnica valiosa no invasiva, simple y rápida, mejora el diagnóstico, la monitorización del tratamiento y reduce la necesidad de procedimientos invasivos. Realizaremos una descripción de la utilidad de la tricoscopia en la alopecia areata. Los hallazgos tricoscópicos más frecuentes de la alopecia areata son los puntos amarillos, los puntos negros, pelos en signos de exclamación, pelos vellosos cortos, pelos acodados. Sin embargo, existen otros hallazgos menos frecuentes, pero útiles para realizar el diagnóstico. La buena respuesta al tratamiento implica la desaparición de los puntos negros, pelos rotos y pelos con signo de exclamación, pero la presencia de los puntos amarillos indica enfermedad crónica y mala respuesta (AU)

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that affects the hair follicle and can present as bald patches on the scalp and hair loss in other parts of the body. Diagnosis is clinical but can be aided by trichoscopy, a simple, rapid technique that reduces the need for invasive procedures and can also help with monitoring treatment response. We review the usefulness of trichoscopy in alopecia areata. The most common trichoscopic findings are yellow dots, black dots, exclamation mark hairs, short vellus hairs, and coudability hairs. Other, less common, findings can also help establish a diagnosis. Good response to treatment is indicated by the disappearance of black dots, broken hairs, and exclamation mark hairs. The observation of yellow dots, by contrast, indicates chronic disease and poor response to treatment (AU)

[Translated article] Trichoscopy in Alopecia Areata / Tricoscopia en la alopecia areata

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that affects the hair follicle and can present as bald patches on the scalp and hair loss in other parts of the body. Diagnosis is clinical but can be aided by trichoscopy, a simple, rapid technique that reduces the need for invasive procedures and can also help with monitoring treatment response. We review the usefulness of trichoscopy in alopecia areata. The most common trichoscopic findings are yellow dots, black dots, exclamation mark hairs, short vellus hairs, and coudability hairs. Other, less common, findings can also help establish a diagnosis. Good response to treatment is indicated by the disappearance of black dots, broken hairs, and exclamation mark hairs. The observation of yellow dots, by contrast, indicates chronic disease and poor response to treatment (AU)

La alopecia areata es una enfermedad autoinmune, que afecta al folículo piloso. Se presenta en forma de placas alopécicas e incluso pérdida de pelo corporal. El diagnóstico es clínico. Sin embargo, la tricoscopia, una técnica valiosa no invasiva, simple y rápida, mejora el diagnóstico, la monitorización del tratamiento y reduce la necesidad de procedimientos invasivos. Realizaremos una descripción de la utilidad de la tricoscopia en la alopecia areata. Los hallazgos tricoscópicos más frecuentes de la alopecia areata son los puntos amarillos, los puntos negros, pelos en signos de exclamación, pelos vellosos cortos, pelos acodados. Sin embargo, existen otros hallazgos menos frecuentes, pero útiles para realizar el diagnóstico. La buena respuesta al tratamiento implica la desaparición de los puntos negros, pelos rotos y pelos con signo de exclamación, pero la presencia de los puntos amarillos indica enfermedad crónica y mala respuesta (AU)

Trichoscopy in Alopecia Areata. / Tricoscopia en la alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that affects the hair follicle and can present as bald patches on the scalp and hair loss in other parts of the body. Diagnosis is clinical but can be aided by trichoscopy, a simple, rapid technique that reduces the need for invasive procedures and can also help with monitoring treatment response. We review the usefulness of trichoscopy in alopecia areata. The most common trichoscopic findings are yellow dots, black dots, exclamation mark hairs, short vellus hairs, and coudability hairs. Other, less common, findings can also help establish a diagnosis. Good response to treatment is indicated by the disappearance of black dots, broken hairs, and exclamation mark hairs. The observation of yellow dots, by contrast, indicates chronic disease and poor response to treatment.

La hipertensión arterial como factor de riesgo de parálisis facial severa / Arterial hypertension as a risk factor for severe facial paralysis

INTRODUCCIÓN: Problema de Investigación: La parálisis facial periférica es una de las causas más frecuentes de deformidad estética facial y alteraciones funcionales, entre los factores de riesgo de parálisis facial está la hipertensión arterial. OBJETIVO: Determinar la asociación entre hipertensión arterial y Parálisis Facial Periférica en pacientes que acuden a Consulta Externa del Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación del Hospital de Clínicas Universitario durante la gestión 2013 a 2016 DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO: El presente estudio es un estudio analítico de casos y controles, realizado en pacientes que acuden a Consulta Externa del Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación del Hospital Clínicas Universitario de enero de 2008 a diciembre de 2010. En total se estudiaron 122 pacientes con parálisis facial leve, moderada y severa, en diferentes edades y con distintos factores de riesgo, estos datos fueron estratificados por la Escala de House Brackman. Los casos fueron pacientes con parálisis facial severa y los controles pacientes con parálisis facial moderada y leve. RESULTADOS: Se encontró asociación positiva entre la hipertensión arterial y la parálisis facial severa (p=0.025), triplicando la hipertensión arterial el riesgo de padecer una parálisis facial severa (OR=3.3), en todo los grupos de edad. CONCLUSIÓN: La hipertensión arterial sistémica es un factor de riesgo de parálisis facial severa, independientemente de la edad de la persona.

INTRODUCTION: Research Problem: Peripheral facial paralysis is one of the most frequent causes of facial aesthetic deformity and functional alterations, among the risk factors for facial paralysis is high blood pressure. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between arterial hypertension and Peripheral Facial Paralysis in patients attending the External Consultation of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service of the Hospital de Clínicas Universitario during the TERM 2013 to 2016 METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN: The present study is an analytical study of cases and controls, carried out in patients who attend the Outpatient Service of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Hospital Clínicas Universitario from January 2008 to December 2010. In total, 122 patients were studied. Mild, moderate and severe facial paralysis, at different ages and with different risk factors, these data was stratified by the House Brackman Scale. The cases were patients with severe facial paralysis and the controls patients with moderate and mild facial paralysis. RESULTS: A positive association was found between arterial hypertension and severe facial paralysis (p = 0.025), tripling the arterial hypertension the risk of suffering a severe facial paralysis (OR = 3.3), in all the age groups. CONCLUSION: Systemic arterial hypertension is a risk factor for severe facial paralysis, regardless of the age of the person.

Evaluación del efecto antiinflamatorio del extracto acuoso de las semillas de Lupinus mutabilis sweet (Tarwi, Chocho), en animales de experimentación / Evaluation of the antiinflammatory effect of the watery extract of the seeds of Lupinus mutabilis sweet (Tarwi, Chocho), in experimentation animals

En la investigación realizada en la semilla de Lupinus mutabilis Sweet se ha podido identificar mediante un Screening Fitoquímico los principios activos presentes en el extracto acuoso, determinándose los alcaloides totales. Se ha evaluado la toxicidad aguda (DL50) tanto del extracto acuoso como de los alcaloides totales obtenidos de la semilla. En el extracto acuoso de las semillas se ha evidenciado la actividad antiinflamatoria (aguda y sub-crónica) en modelos experimentales, administrándose el Lupinus por vía oral a una dosis de 200 mg/Kg de peso. La inflamación fue evaluada por diferentes técnicas utilizando la técnica de Granuloma de Pouche con trementina en ratas (Inflamación sub-crónica) y edema plantar con formol al 1 por ciento y ovoalbúmina al 50 por ciento en S.S.I. (Inflamación aguda) en ratones, siguiendo las técnicas estándar del CYTED, obteniéndose el efecto máximo de inhibición de la inflamación a los 80 minutos en comparación con los 60 minutos correspondientes al diclofenaco (30 mg/Kg) mostrando un porcentaje de inhibición de 66 por ciento frente al 100 por ciento del fármaco estándar. La DL50 del extracto acuoso por vía oral fue de 3500 mg/Kg de peso y de los alcaloides totales administrados por vía oral fue de 600 mg/Kg. Los alcaloides han sido identificados por TLC (Cromatografía en capa fina) y HPLC comparándolo con estándar de esparteína.

In the investigation carried out in the seed of Lupinus mutabilis Sweet it has been possible to identify by means of a Screening Phitochemistry the present biologically active principIes in the watery extract in boiled, being determined the total alkaloids. The acute toxicity has been evaluated (LD50) so much of the watery extract as of the obtained total alkaloids of the seed. In the watery extract of the seeds the activity antiinflammatory has been evidenced (acute and subchronicle) in experimental models, being Administered the Lupinus for oral route to a dose of 2000 mg/Kg of weight. The inflammation was evaluated by different techniques using the technique of Granuloma of Pouche with trementin in rats (Inflammation sub-chronicle) and inflammatory to plant with formol to 1 % and ovoalbúmina to 50% in S.S.I. in mice, following the standard techniques of the CYTED, being obtained the maximum effect of inhibition from the inflammation to the 80 minutes in comparation with the 60 minutes corresponding to the dic10fenac (30 mg/Kg) showing a percentage of inhibition of 66% in front of 100% of the standard drug. The LD50 of the watery extract in boiled for oral route it was of 3500 mg/Kg of weight and of the complete alkaloids administered for oral route it was of 600 mg/Kg. The alkaloids have been identified by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and HPLC comparing it with standard of Spartein.

Pathologic and clinical findings in patients with cyclosporiasis and a description of intracellular parasite life-cycle stages.

Cyclospora cayetanensis has been observed in the feces of persons with prolonged diarrhea. A description of the symptoms and histopathologic findings for patients with cyclosporiasis is presented. The intracellular life-cycle stages of these parasites in the enterocytes of patients will also be described. Seventeen Peruvian patients positive for Cyclospora organisms were surveyed and underwent endoscopy, and their symptoms were recorded. Patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, flatulence, weight loss, abdominal discomfort, and nausea. Jejunal biopsies showed an altered mucosal architecture with shortening and widening of the intestinal villi due to diffuse edema and infiltration by a mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate. There was reactive hyperemia with vascular dilatation and congestion of villous capillaries. Parasitophorous vacuoles contained sexual and asexual forms. Type I and II meronts, with 8-12 and 4 fully differentiated merozoites, respectively, were found at the luminal end of epithelial cells. These findings demonstrate the complete developmental cycle associated with host changes due to Cyclospora organisms.