Biosynthesis of MgO nanoparticles using mushroom extract: effect on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed germination.

Current study describes the green, environmental friendly, and cost-effectiveness technique for the preparation of MgO nanoparticles (NPs) via white button mushroom aqueous extract. The synthesized MgO NPs were characterized using equipments such as X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) for average crystalline size, particle size, morphology, elemental analysis, and weight loss of the materials, respectively. This study reports the application of gardened sizes of (20, 18.5, 18, 16.5, and 15 nm) biosynthesized MgO NPs on seed germination. The smaller size (15 nm) MgO NPs have been enhanced the seed germination and growth parameters as compared with remaining sizes of MgO NPs and control. The magnesium oxide NPs penetrates into peanut seeds and affecting on seed germination and growth rate mechanism. In addition, this germination found to be high in seeds than germination on selected soil plot MgO NPs (0.5 mg/L stable concentrations) compared to different size of MgO NPs and control. Physicochemical methods indicated that the MgO NPs are able to penetrate into the seed coat and support water uptake inside of seeds. Probably, this positive effect may cause for the uptake of MgO NPs by the plants, as indicated in the UV and SEM analyses. As the smaller size (15 nm) of MgO NPs particles stimulates the development of seedling and growth enhancement of peanut, it clearly indicates that the current study is helpful in growing of peanuts in large-scale agricultural production.

Enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer properties of ZnO and TiO2 nanocomposites.

The study describes the antibacterial and anticancer activities of a nanocomposite prepared by mixing zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The particle mixtures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering techniques. Thus, analyzed samples were subject to disc diffusion method at various concentrations to analyze their antibacterial activities against two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacteria. The same samples were then analyzed for their anticancer activities on four different cell lines. The results indicate a synergistic effect of the nanocomposite on both antibacterial and anticancer properties when compared to their individual counterparts.

Novel synthesis and characterization of pristine Cu nanoparticles for the non-enzymatic glucose biosensor.

Non enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing was developed based on pristine Cu Nanopartilces (NPs)/Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) which can be accomplished by simple green method via ocimum tenuiflorum leaf extract. Then, the affect of leaf extract addition on improving Structural, Optical and electrochemical properties of pristine cu NPs was investigated. The synthesized Cu NPs were characterized with X-ray diffraction (X-ray), Uv-Visible spectroscopy (Uv-Vis), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Particle size distribution (PSA), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structural optical and morphological studies respectively. The synthesized Cu NPs were coated over glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to study the electrochemical response of glucose by cyclic voltammetry and ampherometer. The results indicates that the modified biosensor shows a remarkable sensitivity (1065.21 µA mM-1 cm-2), rapid response time (<3s), wide linear range (1 to 7.2 mM), low detection limit (0.038 µM at S/N = 3). Therefore, the prepared Cu NPs by the Novel Bio-mediated route were exploited to construct a non-enzymatic glucose biosensor for sustainable clinical field applications.

Novel synthesis and structural analysis of zinc oxide nanoparticles for the non enzymatic glucose biosensor.

A non-enzymatic glucose biosensor was developed by utilizing the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized by a novel green method using the leaf extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum. The structural, optical and morphological properties of ZnO NPs characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD analysis revealed that the ZnO NPs were crystalline and had a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The crystallite size measured by XRD was the same as that measured using SEM and TEM. The UV-vis absorption spectrum estimates the band gap of ZnO NPs present in the range of 2.82 to 3.45eV. The reduction and formation of ZnO NPs mainly due to the involvement of leaf extract bio-molecular compounds analyzed from the FTIR spectra. The SEM result confirms the morphology of the NPs responsible from the various concentration of leaf extract in the synthesis process. HRTEM analysis depicts the spherical structure of ZnO NPs. The synthesized NPs have the average size ranges from 10 to 20nm. The fabricated GCE/ZnO glucose sensor represents superior electro catalytic activity that has been observed for ZnO NPs with a reproducible sensitivity of 631.30µAmM-1cm-2, correlation coefficient of R=0.998, linear dynamic range from 1-8.6mM, low detection limit of 0.043µM (S/N=3) and response time<4s.