Evaluation of the Efficacy of Neo-endo, Hyflex Re-treatment File Systems and H-Files for Removing Gutta-Percha From Root Canal Treated Tooth by Using Stereomicroscope-An In Vitro Study.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Neo-endo, Hyflextm retreatment file systems, and H-files for removing gutta-percha from root canal treated tooth. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted single-rooted human teeth with a single canal were opted. The shaping of the root canals was done with pro-taper universal files and later obturated. The samples were grouped based on the file system chosen for removing the obturating material: Group I-H-files; Group II-Neo-endo retreatment files; Group III-Hyflex™ retreatment files. The quantity of remaining gutta-percha still present after the retreatment procedure was assessed under a stereomicroscope. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze the data. Results: Hyflex™ files left less remaining filling material than with Neo-endo and H-files. Conclusion: The Hyflex™ retreatment files were most efficient in removing the gutta-percha from the root canal.

Direct and indirect stamp techniques for composite restorations - Sealing the uniqueness of a tooth: A case series.

Composite resin restorations using the incremental technique are time-consuming and technique sensitive requiring excellent hand dexterity of the clinician for achieving good contacts and contours. "Stamp technique" for posterior composite restoration is a novel method for duplicating occlusal anatomy with near perfection. This technique is indicated when the preoperative anatomy of the tooth is intact. An indirect technique can be used in cases where the occlusal surface is cavitated due to caries. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the direct and indirect technique of stamp fabrication and restoration using different materials, emphasizing the fact that it is reliable and predictable and, when performed correctly, helps the practitioner to a great extent.

Evaluation of surface analysis of gutta-percha after disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite, silver nanoparticles, and chitosan nanoparticles by atomic force microscopy: An in vitro study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surface topography of gutta-percha (GP) after disinfecting with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (5.25%), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (70 µg/ml), and chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) (1.5 mg/ml) by atomic force microscopy (AFM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty GP cones were taken in this in vitro study. These samples were divided into four different groups such as Group I - control group (untreated GP Points) and Group II, III, and IV were treated with 5.25% NaOCl, 70 µg/ml AgNPs, and 1.5 mg/ml ChNPs, respectively. The surface topography analysis of the samples was performed using AFM. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Root mean square (RMS) and surface roughness parameters were used to compare the structure of GP points with contact mode imaging. These values were tested by IBM SPSS-20.0 version statistical software using one-way ANOVA and post hoc (Tukey's honestly significant difference) tests. They were considered statistically significant when P < 0.05. RESULTS: The RMS and surface roughness values are significantly higher for NaOCl group (5.25% NaOCl) when compared with AgNPs group (70 µg/ml AgNPs) and ChNPs group (1.5 mg/ml ChNPs). CONCLUSION: This study has shown more surface topography deterioration of GP treated with NaOCl and lesser deterioration with AgNPs and ChNPs which affects postoperative prognosis.

Endodontic Management of Radix Entomolaris in Second Molar.

The presence of radix entomolaris (RE) in a mandibular first molar is a common occurrence, which accounts for 0.2%-32% of the population, but the presence of RE in a mandibular second molar is a rare occurrence in our ethnic group. This presence of additional root can lead to difficulties during endodontic treatment. A thorough knowledge of anatomy is necessary for the success of endodontic treatment. This article presents a review on clinical approach and a case series on the detection and management of RE on mandibular second molar. RE was identified using Same lingual opposite buccal (SLOB) technique with preoperative radiograph, modifying the access cavity preparation, locating the canals followed by cleaning, and shaping of canals with nickel-titanium instruments. Obturation was done with respective master cones and AH + resin sealer.