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Sci Transl Med ; 10(444)2018 06 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29875205

RESUMO

Loss of barrier integrity has an important role in eliciting type 2 immune responses, yet the molecular events that initiate and connect this with allergic inflammation remain unclear. We reveal an endogenous, homeostatic mechanism that controls barrier function and inflammatory responses in esophageal allergic inflammation. We show that a serine protease inhibitor, SPINK7 (serine peptidase inhibitor, kazal type 7), is part of the differentiation program of human esophageal epithelium and that SPINK7 depletion occurs in a human allergic, esophageal condition termed eosinophilic esophagitis. Experimental manipulation strategies reducing SPINK7 in an esophageal epithelial progenitor cell line and primary esophageal epithelial cells were sufficient to induce barrier dysfunction and transcriptional changes characterized by loss of cellular differentiation and altered gene expression known to stimulate allergic responses (for example, FLG and SPINK5). Epithelial silencing of SPINK7 promoted production of proinflammatory cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Loss of SPINK7 increased the activity of urokinase plasminogen-type activator (uPA), which in turn had the capacity to promote uPA receptor-dependent eosinophil activation. Treatment of epithelial cells with the broad-spectrum antiserine protease, α1 antitrypsin, reversed the pathologic features associated with SPINK7 silencing. The relevance of this pathway in vivo was supported by finding genetic epistasis between variants in TSLP and the uPA-encoding gene, PLAU We propose that the endogenous balance between SPINK7 and its target proteases is a key checkpoint in regulating mucosal differentiation, barrier function, and inflammatory responses and that protein replacement with antiproteases may be therapeutic for select allergic diseases.


Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/patologia , Esôfago/patologia , Inflamação/patologia , Inibidores de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Diferenciação Celular , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Esofagite Eosinofílica/genética , Esofagite Eosinofílica/patologia , Eosinófilos/patologia , Epistasia Genética , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Proteínas Filagrinas , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Inativação Gênica , Humanos , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Interleucina-13/metabolismo , Mesoderma/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Domínios Proteicos , Receptores de Ativador de Plasminogênio Tipo Uroquinase/metabolismo , Inibidor de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal 5/química , Inibidor de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal 5/genética , Inibidor de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal 5/metabolismo , Inibidores de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal/química , Inibidores de Serinopeptidase do Tipo Kazal/genética , Transcrição Gênica , Transcriptoma/genética , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tipo Uroquinase , Vimentina/metabolismo , Linfopoietina do Estroma do Timo
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