Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses in primary care and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León and associated factors.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses from primary care centers and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León (Spain). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of professionals from 30 health centers and 30 nursing homes from the primary care management division of the Healthcare Area of Leon. The work center, type of profession, COVID-19 infection, level of exposure, compliance with preventive measures, isolation (if required) and diagnostic tests carried out were collected. The determination of infection was made by differentiated rapid diagnostic test (dRDT), using a finger-stick whole-blood sample. The association of variables with infection was assessed by multivariable non-conditional logistic regression. The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was calculated according to two scenarios for RDT (Sensitivity=0.6 and Specificity=0.985; Sensitivity=0.8 and Specificity=1). RESULTS: The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was between 4.9% and 11.0%. The observed prevalence was 5.9% and was higher in nursing homes than in primary care centers (9.5% vs. 5.5%). No statistically significant differences were observed by sex, type of professional, level of exposure or compliance with preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this group is low. A high number of professionals remain susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and therefore protective measures should be taken, especially for professionals working in nursing homes.

[Primary and secondary nocturnal enuresis. Are they different entities?]. / Enuresis nocturna primaria y secundaria. Son entidades diferentes?

The aim of this study was to know the prevalence and predominant factors of primary and secondary enuresis in schoolchildren. For this purpose, a randomized epidemiological study was performed on a representative sample of the general population of children, aged 6 and 10 years, living in the province of Leon. Their parents responded to a questionnaire that evaluated, in both forms of enuresis, what are the predominant factors, including: familiar, socioeconomic, personal, education and psychological factors. We found that in a selected population of 1,307 children, 171 presented nocturnal enuresis when they were 6 years old (13.09% +/- 0.93%). Of these, 133 had primary (10.18 +/- 0.84%) and 38 (2.91 +/- 0.46%) secondary enuresis. We found no significant differences between the two forms in regards to familiar, socioeconomic, personal education or psychological factors. The only differences were that in secondary enuresis, the parents were older (p < 0.05) and less education (p < 0.01) on the subject of bladder control, and a later onset of the same (p < 0.05), was given. We conclude that the prevalence of primary enuresis is 10.18% +/- 0.84% and that of secondary enuresis is 2.91% +/- 0.46%. We do not find clear differences that permit us to consider these two types of enuresis as different forms.

[An epidemiological study of pediatric emergencies in a general hospital. The factors involved in inappropriate demand]. / Estudio epidemiológico de las urgencias pediátricas en un hospital general. Factores implicados en una demanda inadecuada.

UNLABELLED: We have carried out a retrospective study of a representative sample of the infant population attended at our pediatric hospital emergency service (PES) during 1992 in order to determine the frequency of unnecessary consultations and the implicated factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During this time period, 6,543 pediatric emergencies (except traumatisms) were attended, of which 1,298 cases were selected. We analyzed the epidemiological patient profile, motive for consultation, final diagnosis, type of emergency and factors involved in unnecessary consultations. RESULTS: We found that the most commonly attended groups of diagnosis were respiratory diseases (37%), ill-defined signs and symptoms (22%) and infectious diseases (13%). Sixty-nine percent of the patients were catalogued as unnecessary emergency consultations and a statistical relationship was found with factors such as: age less than 7 years (76%), arrival by initiative of the patients themselves (76%), onset of symptoms between 1-4 days (77%) and the time of day between 2.200 and 07.00 hours (75%). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude unnecessary consultations occur at a high frequency. We comment on the importance of the age of the patient, who takes the initiative to come to the PES, the duration of the symptoms and the hour of consultation as predictive variables to suggest poor use of these pediatric services.