Reducing accidental injuries during surgery.

All surgical healthcare professionals and their patients should be aware of exposure to blood from individuals infected with potentially transmissible disease. The site that was most susceptible to sharp injuries was the index finger of the surgeon's hand. It is also important to note that needles cause the vast majority of sharp injuries. During the last two decades, there have been two revolutionary advances in preventing accidental needlestick injuries during surgery that include the development of blunt tapering point needles as well as the double-glove hole indication systems. During the innovative development of blunt taper point needles, a glove manufacturer, Molnlycke, Inc., devised non-latex and latex double-glove hole puncture indication systems that are being used throughout the world. The reliability of these double-glove hole indication systems in detecting holes in the outer glove has been reliably documented by scientific studies that are published in peer-reviewed journals. On the basis of these extensive quantitative studies, the authors recommended that the double-glove hole indication system be used in all operative procedures to prevent the transmission of deadly bloodborne viral infections.

Scientific basis for the selection of surgical staples and tissue adhesives for closure of skin wounds.

During the last four decades, there have been revolutionary advances in the development of skin staples as well as tissue adhesives. One of the purposes of this collective review is to provide an overview of recent advances in the development of metal and absorbable skin staples and tissue adhesives. In addition, we will provide technical considerations in the use of metal and absorbable skin staples and tissue adhesives during surgery. On the basis of extensive experimental studies, we would recommend the Autosuture™ Multifire Premium™ metal skin stapler. During a surgical operation, the rotating head of this skin stapler can have its skin stapling cartridge removed once for additional stapling. The revolutionary Insorb™ subcuticular skin stapler is designed to combine the cosmetic result of absorbable sutures with the rapid closure times associated with metal skin staplers, while eliminating the need for metal staple removal postoperatively. The Insorb™ absorbable staple is composed of a copolymer that is predominantly polylactide, which is absorbed over a period of a few months. The superior performance of the Insorb™ absorbable staple has been confirmed by experimental and clinical studies. In the last 20 years, surgeons have become increasingly interested in replacing sutures by means of adhesive bonds in the closure of surgical wounds. A recent collective review of clinical studies done with tissue adhesive has recommended that there is a need for well-designed randomized, controlled trials comparing tissue adhesives and alternate methods of closure, especially in patients whose health may interfere with wound healing.