Three-dimensional radiographic assessment of the mandibular interforaminal donor site in different vertical facial growth types.

PURPOSE: To assess volumetrically, the impact of vertical facial growth types (VFGT) on the mandibular interforaminal region as a potential bone donor site. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of adult individuals were classified in three groups according to their SN-GoGn angle: hypodivergent group (hG) (N=20), normodivergent group (NG) (N=19) and hyperdivergent group (HG) (N=21). Total harvestable bone volume (TBV), cortico-cancellous bone volume (CBV-cBV), and cortical bone surface (CBS) were evaluated. ANOVA test followed by Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare the mean continuous outcomes according to their VFGT. RESULTS: The whole sample showed a mean TBV of 1376.32±541.01mm3, CBV of 468.52±121.54mm3 and cBV of 908.73±474.71mm3. The mean CBS amounted to 782.58±146.80mm2. The comparison between the groups stated a significantly different mean TBV and cBV (-p-value<0.001). The mean CBS was significantly different (-p-value=0.015): the smallest for the NG, but not significantly different (-p-value<0.001): the highest for the HG, intermediate for the NG and the smallest for the hG. CONCLUSION: Hypodivergent individuals have the thickest cancellous bone suitable for an onlay bone graft, while hyperdivergent individuals have the thinnest bone ideal for a 3D grafting approach.

Antileishmanial activity of some plants growing in Algeria: Juglans regia, Lawsonia inermis and Salvia officinalis.

The current study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro the antileishmanial activity of three plants growing wild in Algeria : Juglans regia, Lawsonia inermis and Salvia officinalis. The hydroalcoholic extracts of these plants were tested on the growth of the promastigotes of Leishmania major. The plant extract effects were compared with three controls : CRL1 composed of 1 ml RPMI inoculated with 10(6) of promastigotes, CRL2 composed of 1 ml RPMI inoculated with 10(6) of promastigotes and 100 µl of hydroalcoholic solvent, CRL3 composed of 1 ml RPMI inoculated with 10(6) of promastigotes and 100 µl of Glucantim as a reference drug in the management of leishmaniasis. The results showed that both J. regia and L. inermis extracts reduced the promastigotes number significantly (P<0.01). however, S. officinalis showed a total inhibition of the Leishmania major growth.

Evaluation of Pistacia lentiscus fatty oil effects on glycemic index, liver functions and kidney functions of New Zealand rabbits.

Pistacia lentiscus fatty oil (PLFO) is a well known natural remedy in eastern Algeria folk medicine. It is widely used in the treatment of respiratory disorders and dermal burns. The present study has been carried out to investigate effects of this oil on fasting glucose and some functional parameters of the liver and kidney in white male New Zealand rabbits (Initial mean weight 1.95 Kg). PLFO was applied to tested rabbits (PLFO group) via rectal route, once daily 5-day per week, for six consecutive weeks at the dose of 1 ml/Kg body weight. The same number of animals (n=6) was not treated and served as control (CRL group). The results showed that PLFO was tolerated by rectal route. No significant differences were observed in body weights of the two groups. Biochemical analysis showed that aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were significantly decreased in blood plasma at (P< 0.05) and (P< 0.01) respectively in PLFO group (Mann-Whitney test). On the other hand, the fasting glucose level (GLU) was significantly increased (Mann-Whitney test, P< 0.05), while the rest of the tested parameters (Albumin, total proteins, creatinine, urea) was not significantly affected. However, these variations have not biologic signification toxicity. The study concludes that PLFO is tolerable via rectal route; it is safe with no adverse effect on liver functions and renal functions with possible anti-glycogenesis activity.

Effect of virgin fatty oil of Pistacia lentiscus on experimental burn wound's healing in rabbits.

This study aimed to assess the efficiency of the virgin fatty oil of Pistacia lentiscus (PLVFO) for burn wounds healing. It was carried out on 6 adult male New Zealand rabbits. Four burn wounds of deep third degree were made on the back of each animal. The first was not treated and served as control (CRL group); the others were covered immediately after burning procedure by 0.5g of one of the following products: Vaseline gel (VAS group), Madecassol(®) cream 1% (MAD group) or 1ml of PLVFO (PLVFO group). The treatments were repeated once daily until complete healing. For four days post burns, the percentage of wound contraction was assessed. Also, the different healing times were noted. The results showed that both PLVFO and Madecassol(®) significantly accelerated wound healing activity compared to wounds dressed with Vaseline and the untreated wounds. However, the level of wound contraction was significantly higher and the healing time was faster in PLVFO group than those of the MAD group, VAS group and CRL group. The different epithelization periods obtained in days were respectively: 30±3.94 (PLVFO group), 33.5±3.78 (MAD group), 34.66±3.88 (VAS group) and 37.16±3.54 (CRL group). We conclude that Pistacia lentiscus virgin fatty oil promotes significantly (p< 0.05) wound contraction and reduces epithelization period in rabbit model.

Postloading behavior of regenerated tissues in GBR-treated implant sites.

The objective of this study was to assess, using reentry procedures, the capacity of regenerated tissues in implant-associated defects to respond to occlusal loading. Two groups of patients treated with membrane-augmented osseointegrated implants were included in the study. In group A (7 patients), a total of 9 implant-associated defects, including 6 dehiscences and 3 immediate extraction sites, were prospectively followed up 6 months following prosthesis connection. In group B (3 patients), 4 dehiscence defects were retrospectively evaluated 5 years after prosthetic loading. All defects in both groups had an uneventful healing period beyond the 6 months following implant insertion and showed complete fill with bone-like hard tissues at abutment connection surgery. A second surgical reentry was carried out to evaluate the quantitative changes in the regenerated tissues at the membrane-treated sites; it was carried out 6 months following prosthesis connection in group A, and 5 years postloading in group B. At the second reentry procedure, the mean percentage of defect fill at the dehiscence sites was 82% +/- 12.8% in group A and 83% +/- 7.3% in group B. In the 3 immediate extraction sites in group A, the most apical bone-implant contact around the implant was consistently located at about 1 mm, relative to the coronal aspect of the implant shoulder, as evidenced both radiographically and during the second reentry. The trends noted in this investigation suggest that tissues regenerated in successfully treated implant-associated defects can be maintained in the short-term and long-term periods following prosthetic loading.

[Dental implant complications]. / Complications des implants dentaires.

Failure of osseointegration and mechanical accidents are the most common complications of dental implants. The functional prognosis is preserved in any case. Most of these complications can be avoided by a careful patient selection, a strict surgical phase and restorative procedures realized by competent practitioners.