RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gene-environment interaction (GxE) research has highlighted the importance of investigating the FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) gene as a sensitivity gene. However, previous GxE studies with FKBP5 have not measured the full environmental spectrum or applied statistical tests to discern whether the GxE interaction fits better with the differential-susceptibility or diathesis-stress hypotheses. This study examined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on FKBP5 gene moderate the association of positive and negative recent life events (LEs) with depressive symptoms, state-anxiety, neuroticism, and social anxiety traits. METHODS: A total of 86 nonclinical young adults were administered psychological measures and were genotyped for five FKBP5 SNPs (rs3800373, rs9296158, rs1360780, rs9470080 and rs4713916). RESULTS: Regression analyses indicated significant GxE interactions for social anxiety and neuroticism. The interactions predicting neuroticism fit different models for different SNPs, although the overall effect indicated by the haplotype was consistent with the differential-susceptibility hypothesis: the risk-haplotype group presented higher neuroticism in the presence of more negative LEs and lower neuroticism in the presence of more positive LEs. The GxE interactions for social anxiety were consistent with the diathesis-stress model. The lack of significance in the for-better side for social anxiety might be related to the fact that it mapped onto low extraversion, which is associated with a lower permeability to positive experiences. DISCUSSION: Findings underscore the importance of testing the differential-susceptibility model in relation to FKBP5 to adequately characterize its role in healthy and pathological developmental processes.
Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a Tacrolimo/genética , Ansiedade/genética , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/etiologia , Depressão/genética , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos Teóricos , Neuroticismo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Estresse Psicológico/etiologia , Estresse Psicológico/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Se presenta una nueva escala (ESDM 3-6) para la detección de síntomas de depresión en preescolares a partir de la información proporcionada por los educadores, y se aportan los primeros resultados de validación. Se ha utilizado una muestra estratificada de 436 preescolares, siendo el aula la unidad de muestreo. Se ha estudiado la fiabilidad de la ESDM 3-6, así como su validez concurrente con la versión para maestros de la escala GRASP El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de la ESDM 3-6 fue 0,81. La correlación de Pearson entre la ESDM 3-6 y la GRASP-M fue 0,84 (p<0,0005). La ESDM 3-6 puede considerarse un instrumento de cribaje para estudios epidemiológicos de sintomatología depresiva en la etapa preescolar y también un instrumento complementario útil para la evaluación de sintomatología depresiva en esta etapa evolutiva (AU)
A new scale (ESDM 3-6) devised to detect symptoms of preschool depression from information provided by teachers is presented, along with preliminary validation results. A random stratified sample of 436 preschool children was used, the sampling unit being the classroom. The reliability of ESDM 3-6 was tested and its concurrent validity with GRASP-M was assessed. Cronbachs alpha coefficient for ESDM 3-6 as a whole was 0.81. Pearsons correlation coefficient between ESDM 3-6 and GRASP-M was 0.84 (p<0.0005). ESDM 3-6 should be considered as a screening instrument for epidemiological studies of depressive symptomatology at the preschool stage and also as a useful complementary instrument for the assessment of preschool depressive symptomatology (AU)
