Presence of anti-Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis antibodies in blood donors in the West-Central region of the State of Paraná, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Serological screening in blood banks does not include all transmittable diseases. American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) has a high detection rate in the municipalities of the State of Paraná. METHODS: This study analyzed the presence of anti- Leishmania braziliensisantibodies in 176 blood donors who live in these endemic areas. The variables were analyzed with the χ2 test and Stata 9.1 software. RESULTS: Twenty (11.4%) samples were positive for the presence of anti- L. braziliensisantibodies. CONCLUSIONS: The high percentage of donors with anti- Leishmania spp. antibodies indicates the need to study the risk of ACL transmission through blood donors.

Discrepancies in HLA typing: use of different methods to confirm doubtful or inconclusive results / Discrepâncias na tipagem HLA: diferentes métodos para confirmar resultados duvidosos ou inconclusivos

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a set of genes found on the short arm of chromosome 6. MHC molecules in human beings are known as human leukocyte antigens (HLA). HLA polymorphism can be determined by serological and molecular typing methods, which may yield discordant results. The present analysis performed HLA typing of samples with discordant results by PCR-SSP and PCR-SSO, so that typing discrepancies could be clarified. The cross-sectional study analyzed 33 samples from individuals included in an HLA-disease association study. Discrepant alleles were observed in 6 of 33 samples. Discordant samples were retyped using One Lambda Micro SSP™, Dynal RELI™ SSO and Luminex™ SSO assays for HLA class I (HLA-A, HLA-B) and class II (HLA-DRB1) molecules. The three methods produced concordant results after HLA retyping. Human error occurred in interpreting the initial results, which led to discrepancies in the results obtained. The participation of experienced professionals and the availability of at least two different methods to confirm doubtful or inconclusive results are mandatory for effective HLA typing.

O complexo principal de histocompatibilidade (MHC) é um conjunto de genes encontrados no braço curto do cromossomo 6. Em humanos, as moléculas de MHC são conhecidas como antígenos leucocitários humanos (HLA). Polimorfismo HLA pode ser determinado por métodos de tipagem sorológica e molecular que são susceptíveis de produzir resultados discordantes. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a tipagem HLA de amostras com resultados discordantes por PCR-SSP e-SSO e para esclarecer discrepâncias de digitação. Este estudo transversal analisou 33 amostras de indivíduos incluídos em um estudo de associação HLA-doença. Alelos discrepantes foram observados em seis das 33 amostras. Amostras discordantes foram retyped usando One Lambda Micro SSP™, Dynal RELI™ SSO Luminex e ensaios ™ SSO para HLA de classe I (HLA-A, HLA-B) e classe II (HLA-DRB1) moléculas. Todos os três métodos apresentaram resultados concordantes após HLA redigitação. Houve erro humano na interpretação dos resultados iniciais o que levou a uma discrepância entre os resultados obtidos. Concluiu-se que a participação de profissionais experientes e com a disponibilidade de pelo menos dois métodos diferentes para confirmar os resultados duvidosos ou inconclusivos são essenciais para a tipagem de HLA eficaz.

Ausência de Anemia em Escolares de um Município da Região Centro-Oeste do Paraná / Absence of Anemia in Students from West Central Region of Paraná

Anemia por deficiência de ferro é resultado do desequilíbrio negativo no balanço entre a quantidade de ferro biodisponível absorvido na dieta e a sua necessidade orgânica, sendo que as crianças são as mais atingidas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar a frequência de anemia ferropriva em três grupos de crianças que frequentam diferentes escolas municipais no município de Campo Mourão, com amostra composta por 55 crianças com idade entre 8 e 12 anos. Após consentimento dos pais, foi realizado um questionário, seguido de coleta de 5 mL de sangue periférico e realizado hemograma e dosagem de ferro. Para o diagnóstico de anemia, foi utilizada, como valor de referência, a concentração de hemoglobina <11,5g/dL. Os resultados não evidenciaram anemia nas crianças em idade escolar.

Iron deficiency anemia is result of negative balance between the amount of bioavailable iron absorbed in the diet and the organic needs, and children are the main victim. The objective of this study was identify the frequency of iron anemia in three groups of children attending different municipal schools in Campo Mourão, using a sample composed by 55 children aged between 8 and 12 years. After parental consent, a questionnaire was applied, followed by collecting 5 mL of peripheral blood and performed blood count and iron dosages. For anemia diagnosis, a reference value was used as cut-off hemoglobin (<11.5 g / dL). The results showed that no student had anemia

Relação entre adiposidade visceral e hipertensão arterial sistêmica / Relationship between visceral adiposity and hypertension

Objetivos: avaliar a relação entre a circunferência abdominal (CA) e a pressão arterial em homens de um município Paranaense. Métodos: estudo do tipo caso-controle, no qual homens foram avaliados quanto ao uso de anti-hipertensivo, idade, peso, altura e medida da CA, por meio de aplicação de questionário e medidas dos índices antropométricos, respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados por meio do odds ratio. Resultados: homens acima dos 60 anos, obesos e com CA elevada estão mais expostos a desenvolver hipertensão arterial. A CA foi o fator de risco com maior associação estatística. Conclusões: depósitos de gordura na região abdominal representam importante fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da hipertensão arterial e os índices antropométricos deveriam ser aplicados periodicamente em pacientes com propensão à hipertensão.

Objective: to evaluate the relationship between abdominal circumference (AC) and blood pressure in men of a municipality from Parana state. Method: case-control study in which men were evaluated for use of antihypertensive, age, weight, height, and CA, through a questionnaire and measurements of anthropometric indices, respectively. Data were analyzed using the odds ratio. Results: men over 60, obese and with high AC are more susceptible to developing hypertension. AC was the risk factor with the highest statistical association. Conclusions: fat deposits in the abdominal region represent an important risk factor for the development of hypertension and anthropometric indices should be applied periodically in patients prone to hypertension.

Objetivos: evaluar la relación entre la circunferencia de la cintura (CC) y la presión arterial en hombres de un municipio Paranaense. Método: estudio del tipo caso-controle en lo cual hombres fueron evaluados para el uso de antihipertensivos, edad, peso, altura y medida de la CC, a través de aplicación de cuestionario y medidas de los índices antropométricos, respectivamente. Los datos fueron analizados por medio del odds ratio. Resultados: hombres mayores de 60 años, obesos y con elevación de CC son más susceptibles a desarrollar hipertensión arterial. La CC fue el factor de riesgo de mayor asociación estadística. Conclusiones: depósitos de grasa en la región abdominal represen tan un factor de riesgo importante para el desarrollo de la hipertensión arterial y los índices antropométricos se deben aplicar periódicamente en pacientes propensos a la hipertensión.

Dengue antibodies in blood donors.

BACKGROUND: Dengue is an urban arbovirus whose etiologic agent is a virus of the genus Flavorius with four distinct antigen serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) that is transmitted to humans through the bite of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The Campo Mourão region in Brazil is endemic for dengue fever. OBTECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies specific to the four serotypes of dengue in donors of the blood donor service in the city of Campo Mourão. METHODS: Epidemiological records were evaluated and 4 mL of peripheral blood from 213 blood donors were collected in tubes without anticoagulant. Serum was then obtained and immunochromatographic tests were undertaken (Imuno-Rápido Dengue IgM/IgG(TM)). Individuals involved in the study answered a social and epidemiological questionnaire on data which included age, gender and diagnosis of dengue. RESULTS: Only three (1.4%) of the 213 blood tests were positive for IgG anti-dengue antibodies. No donors with IgM antibody, which identifies acute infection, were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current analysis show that the introduction of quantitative or molecular serological methods to determine the presence of anti-dengue antibodies or the detection of the dengue virus in blood donors in endemic regions should be established so that the quality of blood transfusions is guaranteed.

Dengue antibodies in blood donors

BACKGROUND: Dengue is an urban arbovirus whose etiologic agent is a virus of the genus Flavorius with four distinct antigen serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4) that is transmitted to humans through the bite of the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The Campo Mourão region in Brazil is endemic for dengue fever. OBTECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies specific to the four serotypes of dengue in donors of the blood donor service in the city of Campo Mourão. METHODS: Epidemiological records were evaluated and 4 mL of peripheral blood from 213 blood donors were collected in tubes without anticoagulant. Serum was then obtained and immunochromatographic tests were undertaken (Imuno-Rápido Dengue IgM/IgG TM). Individuals involved in the study answered a social and epidemiological questionnaire on data which included age, gender and diagnosis of dengue. RESULTS: Only three (1.4%) of the 213 blood tests were positive for IgG anti-dengue antibodies. No donors with IgM antibody, which identifies acute infection, were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current analysis show that the introduction of quantitative or molecular serological methods to determine the presence of anti-dengue antibodies or the detection of the dengue virus in blood donors in endemic regions should be established so that the quality of blood transfusions is guaranteed.