Menor mortalidad y reingreso en pacientes con pocas comorbilidades intervenidos de fractura de cadera y con alta precoz / Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early

Introducción: El retraso preoperatorio en pacientes intervenidos de fractura de cadera (FC) se ha asociado a peores resultados; sin embargo, el momento óptimo del alta hospitalaria tras cirugía ha sido poco estudiado. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar resultados de mortalidad y de reingreso en pacientes con FC con y sin alta hospitalaria precoz. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo seleccionando a 607 pacientes mayores de 65años con FC intervenidos entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2019, de los que se incluyeron para el análisis 164 pacientes con menos comorbilidades y ASA ≤II y se dividieron según su estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria en alta precoz o estancia ≤4días (n=115) y alta no precoz o estancia postoperatoria >4días (n=49). Se registraron características demográficas; características relacionadas con la fractura y el tratamiento quirúrgico; tasas de mortalidad a los 30días y al año postoperatorio; tasa de reingreso hospitalario a los 30días postoperatorios, y causa médica o quirúrgica. Resultados: En el grupo alta precoz todos los resultados fueron mejores frente al grupo no alta precoz: menor tasa de mortalidad a los 30días postoperatorios (0,9% frente al 4,1%, p=0,16) y al año postoperatorio (4,3% frente al 16,3%, p=0,009), así como una menor tasa de reingreso hospitalario por razones médicas (7,8% frente al 16,3%, p=0,037). Conclusiones: En el presente estudio el grupo de alta precoz obtiene mejores resultados en indicadores de mortalidad a los 30días y al año postoperatorio, así como de reingreso por causas médicas.(AU)

Introduction: Preoperative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA ≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their postoperative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year postoperative mortality rates; 30-day postoperative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. Results: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% vs 4.1%, P=.16) and 1-year postoperative (4.3% vs 16.3%, P=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% vs 16.3%, P=.037). Conclusions: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year postoperative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.(AU)

[Translated article] Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early / Menor mortalidad y reingreso en pacientes con pocas comorbilidades intervenidos de fractura de cadera y con alta precoz

Introducción: El retraso preoperatorio en pacientes intervenidos de fractura de cadera (FC) se ha asociado a peores resultados; sin embargo, el momento óptimo del alta hospitalaria tras cirugía ha sido poco estudiado. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar resultados de mortalidad y de reingreso en pacientes con FC con y sin alta hospitalaria precoz. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo seleccionando a 607 pacientes mayores de 65años con FC intervenidos entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2019, de los que se incluyeron para el análisis 164 pacientes con menos comorbilidades y ASA ≤II y se dividieron según su estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria en alta precoz o estancia ≤4días (n=115) y alta no precoz o estancia postoperatoria >4días (n=49). Se registraron características demográficas; características relacionadas con la fractura y el tratamiento quirúrgico; tasas de mortalidad a los 30días y al año postoperatorio; tasa de reingreso hospitalario a los 30días postoperatorios, y causa médica o quirúrgica. Resultados: En el grupo alta precoz todos los resultados fueron mejores frente al grupo no alta precoz: menor tasa de mortalidad a los 30días postoperatorios (0,9% frente al 4,1%, p=0,16) y al año postoperatorio (4,3% frente al 16,3%, p=0,009), así como una menor tasa de reingreso hospitalario por razones médicas (7,8% frente al 16,3%, p=0,037). Conclusiones: En el presente estudio el grupo de alta precoz obtiene mejores resultados en indicadores de mortalidad a los 30días y al año postoperatorio, así como de reingreso por causas médicas.(AU)

Introduction: Preoperative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA ≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their postoperative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year postoperative mortality rates; 30-day postoperative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. Results: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% vs 4.1%, P=.16) and 1-year postoperative (4.3% vs 16.3%, P=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% vs 16.3%, P=.037). Conclusions: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year postoperative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.(AU)

[Translated article] Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early.

INTRODUCTION: Pre-operative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their post-operative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year post-operative mortality rates; 30-day post-operative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. RESULTS: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% versus 4.1%, p=.16) and 1-year post-operative (4.3% versus 16.3%, p=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% versus 16.3%, p=.037). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year post-operative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.

Lower mortality and readmission in patients with few comorbidities who underwent hip fracture surgery and were discharged early. / Menor mortalidad y reingreso en pacientes con pocas comorbilidades intervenidos de fractura de cadera y con alta precoz.

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative delay in patients with hip fracture surgery (HF) has been associated with poorer outcomes; however, the optimal timing of discharge from hospital after surgery has been little studied. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and readmission outcomes in HF patients with and without early hospital discharge. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted selecting 607 patients over 65years of age with HF intervened between January 2015 and December 2019, from which 164 patients with fewer comorbidities and ASA ≤II were included for analysis and divided according to their postoperative hospital stay into early discharge or stay ≤4 days (n=115), and non-early or post-operative stay >4days (n=49). Demographic characteristics; fracture and surgical-related characteristics; 30-day and one-year postoperative mortality rates; 30-day postoperative hospital readmission rate; and medical or surgical cause were recorded. RESULTS: In the early discharge group all outcomes were better compared to the non-early discharge group: lower 30-day (0.9% vs 4.1%, P=.16) and 1-year postoperative (4.3% vs 16.3%, P=.009) mortality rates, as well as a lower rate of hospital readmission for medical reasons (7.8% vs 16.3%, P=.037). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the early discharge group obtained better results 30-day and 1-year postoperative mortality indicators, as well as readmission for medical reasons.

Treatment of posttraumatic bone defects of the forearm with vascularized fibular grafts. Follow up after fourteen years.

BACKGROUND: Among several techniques proposed for the reconstruction of posttraumatic bone defects of the forearm, that of free vascularised fibular graft (FVFG) is one of the most widely used. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We study the long-term outcomes of 14 patients who underwent FVFG between 1994 and 2009, with a minimum follow up of 8 years and a maximum of 23 years (mean: 13.9 years). Demographic, clinical and radiological variables were collected retrospectively. The DASH scale was used for clinical assessment. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were operated on by the same surgeon, applying FVFG for the reconstruction of posttraumatic bone defects of the forearm (three septic non-union of the ulna or radius, five radius fractures, two ulna fractures and four fractures of both bones). The maximum length of the defect was 11 cm and the minimum length was 6 cm. In four cases, reconstruction of the two bones was achieved using the double barrel technique, and in another four cases, an osteoseptocutaneous flap was used. Fixation was performed with 3.5 mm reconstruction plates in thirteen cases and with 3.5 mm screws in one case. Consolidation was obtained in 12 cases (85.7%) after an average time of 4.2 months (range: 2-6.5 months). In one case, consolidation of the proximal ulnar fracture site was not achieved, and in another, following the failure of reconstruction attempts, an arthrodesis was performed. At the end of the follow-up period, the patients had an average DASH score of 17.1 points (range 1.8-68.1). CONCLUSIONS: FVFG is a valid option for the reconstruction of posttraumatic bone defects of the forearm. Its use via the double barrel method or as an osteocutaneous composite graft enables the simultaneous reconstruction of both forearm bones and associated soft tissue injuries. Long-term follow-up of patients who have undergone this technique confirms its satisfactory functional and radiological results.

Fracturas conminutas de la cabeza radial: estudio comparativo entre resección y fijación interna / Radial head comminuted fractures: a comparative study between resection and internal fixation

Introducción. El tratamiento de las fracturas de cabeza radial continúa siendo controvertido. La reducción abierta y fijación interna (RAFI) está en expansión debido a la mejora de las técnicas y los implantes. Sin embargo, puede ser técnicamente muy demandante y no está exenta de complicaciones. Por otra parte, la resección muestra resultados satisfactorios a largo plazo en codos estables, aunque también asocia complicaciones. Comparamos la resección y la RAFI en fracturas conminutas de la cabeza de radio. Material y método. Se incluyeron 23 pacientes con fracturas Mason tipo iii, 11 sometidos a resección de la cabeza del radio (Grupo A), y 12 a fijación interna de su fractura (Grupo B). La media de edad fue 54 y 45 años, respectivamente. Las fracturas fueron evaluadas clínica y radiológicamente; con un seguimiento medio de 80 meses en el Grupo A y 76 en el B. Resultados. El rango de movilidad fue de 121°–(−11°) de flexo-extensión en el grupo A y de 131°–0° en el grupo B. Según la escala de Broberg y Morrey los resultados funcionales obtenidos son: 82 puntos en el Grupo A y 90,9 puntos en el Grupo B. Discusión. Los pacientes con fracturas conminutas de la cabeza del radio sometidos a reducción abierta y fijación interna tienen un rango de movilidad articular satisfactorio, con mayor fuerza y por tanto, mejor función. Recomendamos la reducción abierta y fijación interna en el tratamiento de estas fracturas, sobre todo en pacientes jóvenes (AU)

Introduction. The treatment of radial head fractures continues to be controversial. The open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) method is expanding due to improvements in the techniques and the implants. However, it can be very demanding technically and is not free of complications. On the other hand, resection shows satisfactory results in the long term in stable elbows, although it is also associated with complications. We compared resection and ORIF in comminuted fractures of the radial head. Material and Method. A total of 23 patients with type III Mason fractures were included, of which 11 were subjected to resection of the radial head (Group A), and 12 to internal fixation of their fracture (Group B). The mean age was 54 and 45 years, respectively. The fractures were clinically and radiologically evaluated, with a mean follow-up of 80 months in Group A and 76 months in Group B. Results. The flexion-extension movement range was 121°–(−11°) in Group A and 131°–0° in Group B. The functional results obtained according the Broberg and Morrey scale were: 82 points in Group A and 90.9 points in Group B. Discussion. Patients with comminuted fractures of the radial head subjected to open reduction and internal fixation have a satisfactory movement range, with greater strength, and therefore, better function. We recommend open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of these fractures, particularly in young patients (AU)

Dolor suprapúbico en escolar de 14 años / Suprapubic pain in a 14 year old schoolchild

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El injerto vascularizado de cresta ilíaca en el tratamiento de la necrosis aséptica de la cabeza femoral / Treatment of non-septic femoral head necrosis with a vascularized iliac crest graft

Introducción. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de la necrosis aséptica de la cabeza femoral con el injerto vascularizado de cresta ilíaca mediante el análisis retrospectivo de 25 caderas (22 pacientes) intervenidas en nuestro hospital entre junio de 1993 y septiembre de 2002. Material y método. Predominio de hombres con 20 casos y del lado izquierdo. El factor predisponente más numeroso fue el abuso del alcohol en 8 casos. No se encontró en 5 casos. Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados clínicamente según la escala de Harris y radiológicamente se valoró la progresión de la necrosis según la clasificación de Ficat y Arlet modificada por la ARCO con un seguimiento medio de 4 años. Resultados. La valoración funcional media fue de 87 puntos con un 76% de excelentes y buenos resultados y un 24% de regulares y malos resultados. El 40% de las caderas sufrió algún tipo de deterioro radiológico con una media de 5,2 años. Según los criterios de valoración radiológica, el 66% evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Conclusión. Nuestros resultados están en la línea de los publicados en la literatura sin evidenciarse la progresión radiológica de la necrosis en el 60% de los pacientes intervenidos

Introduction. We present our experience of the treatment of aseptic femoral head necrosis with a vascularized iliac crest graft. This was a retrospective study of 25 hips (22 patients) operated in our hospital between June 1993 and September 2002. Materials and methods. There was a majority of men, 20 cases; and the left side was most frequently affected. The main predisposing factor was alcoholism, 8 cases. No predisposing factor was found in 5 cases. All the patients were assessed clinically according to the Harris scale and by X-rays according to the modified Ficat-Arlet staging system to determine necrosis progression. The mean follow-up was 4 years. Results. Mean functional assessment was 87 points. Results were: excellent and good, 76%; fair and poor, 24%. Some degree of deterioration was detected on X-ray in 40% of the hips with a mean of 5.2 years. According to radiological assessment criteria satisfactory evolution was seen in 66%. Conclusion. Our results are comparable to those seen in the literature. No progression of necrosis was seen on X-rays in 60% of the patients operated (AU)

Tratamiento de las fracturas de pelvis / Treatment of pelvic fractures

Objetivo. Evaluar los resultados obtenidos en el tratamiento de las fracturas de pelvis e intentar conseguir un algoritmo terapéutico según el patrón de lesión. Material y método. Se evaluó de forma retrospectiva 71 pacientes con fracturas de pelvis con inestabilidad vertical y/o rotacional, perteneciendo a los grupos B y C según la clasificación de Tile. De ellos, 11 pacientes no fueron evaluados al no acudir a la revisión y los 60 restantes fueron valorados mediante el cuestionario MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) y la clasificación radiológica propuesta por Matta. Resultados. Existe un mayor dolor y limitación debida a problemas físicos en las lesiones tipo C que en las tipo B. Al comparar las lesiones por rotación externa con las lesiones tipo C se encuentra que estas últimas tienen mayor dolor, aunque la limitación y la función física sean similares. Conclusiones. Las fracturas tipo B1 pueden ser tratadas de forma ortopédica o quirúrgica dependiendo de la diástasis púbica, al igual que las fracturas tipo B2. Globalmente, para tratar las lesiones de tipo B es suficiente con fijar la lesión del marco anterior, mientras que en las lesiones tipo C los resultados son superiores mediante el tratamiento quirúrgico, y es necesario suplementar la fijación anterior con otra posterior. El dispositivo empleado dependerá del patrón de lesión anatómico encontrado. El cuestionario SF-36, aunque es inespecífico, nos permite diferenciar los resultados según los diferentes tipos lesionales y valorar la repercusión de las lesiones asociadas. La valoración radiológica es muy sencilla, aunque hay que tener en cuenta que la clínica producida por el desplazamiento residual depende del patrón de lesión

Purpose. To assess the results obtained in the treatment of pelvic fractures and try and come up with a therapeutic algorithm based on the different lesion types. Materials and methods. A retrospective review was made of 71 patients with a pelvic fracture with vertical and/or rotational instability, belonging to groups B and C of Tile's classification. Of the 71, 11 patients could not be assessed since they did not come for revision, with the remaining 60 being classified by means of the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire and Matta's radiological score. Results. Patients are subjected to more pain and limitations resulting from physical problems when they have type C lesions than when their lesions are in the type B category. If one compares lesions due to external rotation with type C lesions, one discovers that the latter cause more pain, although limitations and the degree of physical function are similar in both groups. Conclusions. Type B1 ­ as well as type B2 ­ fractures can be treated either orthopedically or surgically depending on the degree of pubis diastasis present. Generally speaking, for the treatment of type B lesions it is only necessary to fix the lesion to the fixator's anterior frame, whereas for type C lesions results are better with surgical treatment. In addition, in these cases anterior fixation should be supplemented by a posterior one. The device to be used will depend on the type of anatomic lesions encountered. The SF-36 questionnaire, although unspecific, enables us classify results into the different lesion types and evaluate the repercussion of the related lesions. Radiological assessment is very simple, although it should be borne in mind that the clinical pattern brought about by residual displacement depends on the lesion type present