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1.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 24(4): 325-331, ago. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-104035

RESUMO

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la primera causa de mortalidad en los países industrializados y tradicionalmente han sido consideradas una patología predominantemente masculina. Las mujeres con enfermedad cardiovascular han sido tratadas siempre a imagen y semejanza de los varones, pero en los últimos años diferentes estudios han puesto de manifiesto la existencia de notables diferencias tanto en la fisiopatología de la enfermedad como en la respuesta a los tratamientos y en la actitud de los profesionales ante estas patologías. En este artículo se revisan las posibles diferencias que existen en cuanto al manejo, en función del género del paciente, de cuatro problemas cardiovasculares muy prevalentes en los servicios de urgencias: el dolor torácico, la fibrilación auricular, la insuficiencia cardiaca y el síndrome coronario agudo (AU)


Cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of death in industrialized countries, have traditionally been considered to threaten mainly men. Although the approach to treating women with these diseases has mimicked treatment in men, recent studies have brought to light a number of differences in cardiovascular physiopathology between men and women, in their responses to treatment, and in the attitudes of the medical profession. This review discusses possible gender differences in the management of 4 highly prevalent cardiovascular events that bring patients to the emergency department: chest pain, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and acute coronary syndrome (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/epidemiologia , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , Dor no Peito/epidemiologia
2.
Aten Primaria ; 35(7): 359-64, 2005 Apr 30.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15871797

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of renal failure (RF) in type-2 diabetics and to compare two criteria of definition: that based on the calculation of glomerular filtration by the Cockcroft-Gault formula corrected for body surface area and that based on serous creatinine. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. SETTING: El Cristo Health Centre, Oviedo, north of Spain. PARTICIPANTS: All patients in the catchment area diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. METHOD: Demographic, clinical, risk factor, and cardiovascular pathology details were gathered. Renal failure was diagnosed on figures of plasma creatinine >=1.3 mg/dL in women and >=1.4 mg/dL in men, and glomerular filtration (GF) calculated by means of the Cockcroft-Gault formula: moderate GF, 60-30 mL/min/1.73 m2; severe GF, 29-15 mL/min/1.73 m2, and terminal GF: <15 mL/min/1.73 m2. RESULTS: 499 patients were included. 52.3% were women, aged 69.7+/-10.4 years old. Prevalence of RF by serous creatinine was 12%; and by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, 40.5%. Patients with lower glomerular filtration and normal creatinine were older (75.5+/-7.9 vs 65.4+/-9.8; P<.001), mainly female (76.3% vs 41.7%; P<.001), had lower BMI (27.3+/-3.7 vs 30.9+/-4.4) and had worse glucaemia control (HbA1c 7.1+/-1.8% vs 6.9+/-1.9%; P=.007) and higher indices of cardiac failure (6.4% vs 2.1%; 95% CI, 1.1-8.8; P=.02) than patients with normal glomerular filtration and creatinine. CONCLUSION: Calculation of glomerular filtration by the Cockcroft-Gault formula corrected for body surface area revealed unknown renal failure in 1 in 3 type-2 diabetes patients.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Nefropatias Diabéticas/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal/etiologia , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência
3.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 35(7): 359-364, abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-042174

RESUMO

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de insuficiencia renal en diabéticos tipo 2 y comparar dos criterios de definición: el basado en la estimación del filtrado glomerular por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault corregida para la superficie corporal y el basado en la creatinina sérica. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Emplazamiento. Zona básica del Centro de Salud de El Cristo, Oviedo. Participantes. La totalidad de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 diagnosticados de la zona básica. Mediciones principales. Se recogieron datos demográficos, clínicos, factores de riesgo y enfermedad cardiovascular. Se diagnosticó insuficiencia renal (IR) según unas cifras de creatinina plasmática >= 1,3 mg/dl en mujeres y >= 1,4 mg/dl en varones y según el filtrado glomerular (FG) estimado mediante la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault: moderada para FG, 60-30 ml/min/1,73 m2; grave para FG, 29-15 ml/min/1,73 m2, y terminal para FG, < 15 ml/min/1,73 m2. Resultados. Se incluyó a 499 pacientes. El 52,3% era mujer con una edad de 69,7 ± 0,4 años. La prevalencia de IR según la creatinina sérica fue del 12%, y según la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault del 40,5%. Los pacientes con FG reducido y creatinina normal tenían mayor edad (75,5 ± 7,9 frente a 65,4 ± 9,8 años; p < 0,001), predominaban las mujeres (76,3 frente a 41,7%; p < 0,001), tenían un menor índice de masa corporal (27,3 ± 3,7 frente a 30,9 ± 4,4), presentaban un peor control glucémico (HbA1c 7,1 ± 1,8 frente a 6,9 ± 1,9%; p = 0,007) y la prevalencia de insuficiencia cardíaca era superior (6,4 frente a 2,1%; IC del 95%, 1,1-8,8; p = 0,02) en comparación con los pacientes con FG y creatinina normales. Conclusión. La estimación del FG por la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault corregida para la superficie corporal muestra una insuficiencia renal no conocida en uno de cada 3 pacientes diabéticos tipo 2


Objective. To determine the prevalence of renal failure (RF) in type-2 diabetics and to compare two criteria of definition: that based on the calculation of glomerular filtration by the Cockcroft-Gault formula corrected for body surface area and that based on serous creatinine. Design. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Setting. El Cristo Health Centre, Oviedo, north of Spain. Participants. All patients in the catchment area diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. Method. Demographic, clinical, risk factor, and cardiovascular pathology details were gathered. Renal failure was diagnosed on figures of plasma creatinine >=1.3 mg/dL in women and >=1.4 mg/dL in men, and glomerular filtration (GF) calculated by means of the Cockcroft-Gault formula: moderate GF, 60-30 mL/min/1.73 m2; severe GF, 29-15 mL/min/1.73 m2, and terminal GF: <15 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results. 499 patients were included. 52.3% were women, aged 69.7±10.4 years old. Prevalence of RF by serous creatinine was 12%; and by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, 40.5%. Patients with lower glomerular filtration and normal creatinine were older (75.5±7.9 vs 65.4±9.8; P<.001), mainly female (76.3% vs 41.7%; P<.001), had lower BMI (27.3±3.7 vs 30.9±4.4) and had worse glucaemia control (HbA1c 7.1±1.8% vs 6.9±1.9%; P=.007) and higher indices of cardiac failure (6.4% vs 2.1%; 95% CI, 1.1-8.8; P=.02) than patients with normal glomerular filtration and creatinine. Conclusion. Calculation of glomerular filtration by the Cockcroft-Gault formula corrected for body surface area revealed unknown renal failure in 1 in 3 type-2 diabetes patients


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Nefropatias Diabéticas/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal/epidemiologia , Insuficiência Renal/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Prevalência
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