Synergistic effect rescue animal model from NASH caused by diet-inflammation inducer.

Excessive intake of pro-inflammatory fatty acids is related to the development of insulin resistance, impaired oxidative stress enzymes, and lipid disorders, leading to inflammation and development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Diet and physical exercise are considered to prevent and treat metabolic disorders caused by chronic inflammatory states (responsible for insulin resistance and diabetes type 2) in individuals with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Our investigation tested the hypothesis that Hass avocado oil, a monounsaturated fatty acid and a source of phytosterol, may improve liver and metabolic parameters without adverse effects when combined with physical exercise. Rats ingested a high-fat diet for seven weeks and were then subjected to more six weeks with a standard diet, Hass avocado-oil ingestion, and swimming. The intervention showed significantly improvements by synergistic effect between Hass avocado-oil and swimming exercise (P < 0.05), including improving adiponectin, leptin, and fasting blood glucose levels, alleviating insulin resistance, reducing serum TNF-α, improving glutathione enzyme levels, and decreasing lipotoxicity in the liver and blood and serum triacylglycerides in blood (P < 0.05). Liver tissue markers of apoptosis and necrosis such as CK-18 filaments and dimethylamine (DMA) were significantly higher in the intervention group (P < 0.05). We were unable to fully confirm our hypothesis. Although the synergistic effects between Hass avocado-oil and the swimming regimen offer a promising chance of recovering liver health by improving 10 health biological markers, we must not ignore the cellular damage due to apoptosis and necrosis in liver cells and DMA. The data on metabolomic profile and avocado-oil-treated livers highlight the need for further investigation.

High-intensity ultrasound-assisted recovery of anthocyanins from jabuticaba by-products using green solvents: Effects of ultrasound intensity and solvent composition on the extraction of phenolic compounds.

This study proposes an update for the jabuticaba processing chain to obtain valuable coproducts from jabuticaba peels. High-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) technology was evaluated as a more efficient extraction process to obtain two high added-value coproducts: pectin and an anthocyanins-rich extract. The HIUS-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds like anthocyanins from the jabuticaba peels was evaluated. The effects of ultrasound intensity (1.1, 3.7, 7.3, and 13.0 W/cm2) and solvent composition concerning water/ethanol ratio (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g water/100 g) were examined. One-step HIUS processing promoted the best recovery of bioactive compounds at an ultrasound intensity of 3.7 W/cm2 and 50 g water/100 g, thus proofing the interaction between ultrasound intensity and the solvent composition has a strong influence on the extraction efficiency of the groups of compounds studied and in the jabuticaba peel antioxidant potential. The confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed bioactive compounds' exhaustion in the dried jabuticaba peel after the HIUS processing, proving its best recovery. The jabuticaba peel extract exhibited an intense reddish color typical of anthocyanin-rich products at acid pH (4.5). The HIUS technology turned out a promising way to recover these valuable phenolic compounds as a quick, relatively inexpensive, and simple technology that improves the yields and decreases the costs and environmental impacts compared to conventional extraction processes.

Dietary fiber chemical structures and physicochemical properties of edible Pouteria glomerata fruits, native from Brazilian Pantanal.

Pouteria glomerata is a native species from the Brazilian Pantanal, whose fruit is edible and still underexploited. The objective of this study was to carried out the chemical, nutritional and antioxidant properties of this tropical fruit, as well as to isolate e characterize the chemical strucutre of their dietary fibers. DPPH and ORAC methods were used to determine the antioxidant capacity. Minerals were quantified using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Soluble and insoluble dietary fiber fractions were obtained by the standard enzymatic-gravimetric method and chemically characterized by monosaccharide composition, gel permeation and NMR spectroscopy. Results showed that P. glomerata fruits presented high antioxidant capacity and high levels of vitamin C, minerals, insoluble dietary fiber, and malic acid. The soluble dietary fiber was mainly composed of uronic acids, arabinose, and galactose, and NMR analysis indicated the presence of highly methylesterified homogalacturonan, arabinan and/or arabinogalactan as pectic polysaccharides. Hemicelluloses present in insoluble dietary fiber fraction were solubilized by alkaline treatment, and characterized as (1 â†’ 4)-ß-D-xylan. The results brings new chemical information about this native fruit and may open new opportunities for using it as a potential ingredient for health improvement by human comsumption.

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) leaf aqueous extract ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction and reverts inflammatory parameters in Caco-2 cells monolayer.

The aqueous extract of Passiflora edulis leaves is rich in bioactive polyphenolics, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the recovery of barrier dysfunction and the anti-inflammatory effect of P. edulis leaf aqueous extract (PELE) were evaluated using a Caco-2 monolayer model challenged with IL-1ß and LPS. After inflammatory stimuli, it was observed a 28% reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and 78% increase of LY permeability. After 48-h treatment with PELE (10 mg mL-1), the monolayer showed 35% increase in TER after inflammatory decreases, and 67% lower LY paracellular permeability, showing a recovery of the monolayer integrity. The treatment also suppressed IL-8 production in 65%. Our results suggest that PELE is a potent source of antioxidants that may promote a protective effect by repairing the intestinal epithelial integrity.