Antenatal voluntary counseling and testing for HIV in Barbados. Success and barriers to implementation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the success of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV and to identify the barriers to implementation when VCT is offered as a package integrated with antenatal care. METHODS: In this descriptive study we investigated antenatal VCT and HIV testing in all post-parturient women at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown, Barbados, who gave birth between April and September 2002. Data were collected retrospectively from the antenatal care record and by recall during one-on-one interview. RESULTS: Of 1 342 women surveyed, 954 (71.1%) received antenatal counseling and were offered an HIV test. Of the 954 women offered HIV test after counseling, 914 (95.8%) agreed to have the test. Among the women surveyed, 1 106 (82.4%) had a documented HIV test, 914 (85.7%) were tested after documented pretest counseling, and another 192 (14.3%) were tested without documented pretest counseling. Overall, 822 of the 1 342 women surveyed (61.2%) had a documented HIV test result in their antenatal case record at the time of delivery. Of the 1 106 women who had a documented HIV test, the test results were unavailable at the time of delivery in only 284 (21.2%). Among the reasons for unavailability of a documented HIV test result, the most common (45.0%) was that no test was done, followed by unclear documentation of the result. CONCLUSIONS: Twenty-nine percent of surveyed women failed to receive antenatal VCT and this is a cause of concern, for both the high coverage and good quality counseling are key to the overall success and cost effectiveness of the VCT program. Fourteen percent of the women surveyed who did not receive VCT were tested for HIV, a situation that is undesirable because some women may be tested without understanding the full implication of this policy, and as a result the overall impact of VCT may be reduced.

Antenatal voluntary counselling and testing for HIV in Barbados. Success and barriers to implementation

Objective. To determine the success of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV and to identify the barriers to implementation when VCT is offered as a package integrated with antenatal care. Methods. In this descriptive study we investigated antenatal VCT and HIV testing in all post-parturient women at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown, Barbados, who gave birth between April and September 2002. Data were collected retrospectively from the antenatal care record and by recall during one-on-one interview. Results. Of 1, 342 women surveyed, 954 (71.1 percent) received antenatal counseling and were offered an HIV test. Of the 954 women offered HIV test after counseling, 914 (95.8 percent) agreed to have the test. Among the women surveyed, 1, 106 (82.4 percent) had a documented HIV test, 914 (85.7 percent) were tested after documented pretest counseling, and another 192 (14.3 percent) were tested without documented pretest counseling. Overall, 822 of the 1, 342 women surveyed (61.2 percent) had a documented HIV test result in their antenatal case record at the time of delivery. Of the 1, 106 women who had a documented HIV test, the test results were unavailable at the time of delivery in only 284 (21.2 percent). Among the reasons for unavailability of a documented HIV test result, the most common (45.0 percent) was that no test was done, followed by unclear documentation of the result. Conclusions. Twenty-nine percent of surveyed women failed to receive antenatal VCT and this is a cause of concern, for both the high coverage and good quality counseling are key to the overall success and cost effectiveness of the VCT program. Fourteen percent of the women surveyed who did not receive VCT were tested for HIV, a situation that is undesirable because some women may be tested without understanding the full implication of this policy, and as a result the overall impact of VCT may be reduced (AU)

Antenatal voluntary counseling and testing for HIV in Barbados: success and barriers to implementation

OBJETIVO: Determinar los resultados del asesoramiento y de la prueba detectora de infección por VIH aceptados voluntariamente (APV) e identificar las barreras que impiden llevar el APV a la práctica cuando se ofrece como parte integral de la atención prenatal. MÉTODOS: En este estudio descriptivo investigamos los antecedentes de APV prenatal y de haber recibido la prueba detectora de infección por VIH en todas las mujeres que habían dado a luz en el Hospital Reina Isabel en Bridgetown, Barbados, entre abril y septiembre de 2002. Se recolectaron datos retrospectivamente a partir de las fichas de atención prenatal y por recordación durante entrevistas de cara a cara. RESULTADOS: De las 1 342 mujeres entrevistadas, a 954 (71,1%) se les había dado asesoramiento prenatal y se les había ofrecido la prueba detectora de infección por VIH. De las 954 mujeres encuestadas a quienes se les ofreció la prueba después del asesoramiento, 914 (95,8%) la aceptaron. De las mujeres encuestadas, 1 106 (82,4%) tenían documentada en su ficha una prueba detectora de infección por VIH, 914 (85,7%) recibieron la prueba después de un asesoramiento documentado, y otras 192 (14,3%) recibieron la prueba sin ninguna documentación de haber recibido un asesoramiento previo. En total, 822 (61,2%) de las 1 342 mujeres entrevistadas tenían documentado en su ficha el resultado de la prueba detectora de VIH en el momento de dar a luz. De las 1 106 mujeres con documentación de haber recibido la prueba, 284 (21,2%) no tenían anotado el resultado en el momento de dar a luz. La falta de un resultado documentado se debió principalmente a que la prueba nunca se realizó (45,0%), y en segundo lugar, a la falta de certeza en cuanto a la documentación. CONCLUSIONES: Veintinueve por ciento de las mujeres encuestadas no recibieron APV, lo cual es alarmante porque la alta cobertura y la buena calidad son imprescindibles para que el APV dé buenos resultados y rinda la debida eficacia en función de su costo. Catorce por ciento de las mujeres encuestadas que no quisieron recibir ningún asesoramiento recibieron la prueba detectora de infección por VIH. Esta situación no es aconsejable porque significa que a algunas mujeres se les aplica la prueba sin que entiendan a fondo las implicaciones de esta política. Esto, a su vez, podría reducir el impacto general del APV.