[Optimization of dynamic fuzziness and enhancement of image quality of an URI/230-Amethyst digital image intensifier]. / Optimizatsiia dinamicheskoi nerezkosti i povyshenie kachestva izobrazheniia tsifrovogo usilitelia rentgenovskogo izobrazheniia URI/230-"Ametist."

In X-ray diagnostic units, digital image intensifiers with a SSD matrix have recently been used instead of vacuum vidicons. Along with the well-known advantage of SSD matrixes, they fail to reach the capacities of vidicons in transmitting movable images. The authors consider that the way out of this situation is to use recursive filters and arithmetic logic devices. The automatically used filters are particularly original.

[The characteristics of digital electron optical systems for x-ray diagnosis]. / Osobennosti tsifrovykh élektronno-opticheskikh sistem dlia rentgenodiagnostiki.

The paper deals with the specific features of X-ray diagnostic units that have no screen-filming device for film X-ray study, with the requirements for hardware and software of these units. It gives data on specific systems for digital X-ray study.

[N-nitrosamines and nitrites in meat and meat products]. / N-nitrozoaminy i nitrity v miase i miasoproduktakh.

Content of N-nitrosamines and nitrites in meat and meat products of Russian manufacture made on traditional and recently developed techniques was measured. The influence of conditions and duration of storage of meat products on changes in N-nitrosamines and nitrites was investigated. It is established that in observance of instruction of entering nitrites during manufacture their residual amounts in a ready product do not exceed hygienic levels accepted in Russian Federation. N-nitrosamines (N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodiethylamine) were found in amounts from 0.1 up to 30 ppb. The least amount of N-nitrosamines was in canned meat (up to 0.7 ppb) and fresh meat (up to 0.4 ppb), greatest--in smoked products from pork. 8.6% tested samples of meat products contained N-nitrosamines in amounts exceeding the hygienic levels. The reasons of high contents of N-nitrosamines was infringement of conditions and terms of storage of ready meat products.

[Development of methodical approaches to determination of nitrates and nitrites in multicomponent salting mixtures used in meat product industry]. / Razrabotka metodicheskikh podkhodov opredeleniia nitratov i nitritov v mnogokomponentnykh posolochnykh smesiakh, ispol'zuemykh v proizvodstve miasoproduktov.

A unified photometric method for determination of nitrates and nitrites in multicomponent salting mixtures containing sodium nitrate and nitrite, chlorides, phosphates, polyphosphates, ascorbic acid, or ascorbates, antioxidants, organic acids, vegetative and animal proteins, carbohydrates is proposed. With use of the developed method, content of nitrates and nitrites in a number of salting mixtures meat production was estimated.

[Live enteroviral vaccines for the emergency nonspecific prevention of mass respiratory diseases during fall-winter epidemics of influenza and acute respiratory diseases]. / Zhivye énterovirusnye vaktsiny dlia ékstrennoi nespetsificheskoi profilaktiki massovykh respiratornykh zabolevanii vo vremia osenne-zimnikh épidemii grippa i ostrykh respiratornykh zabolevanii.

The results of the 3-year controlled trials of a new method of nonspecific urgent prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ADR) by immunization of healthy adults with standard live enterovirus oral vaccines, introduced in 2-3 administrations at intervals of 7-10 days, at the initial stages of autumn and winter epidemics are presented. Observations, carried out in three republics, covered more than 150,000 persons immunized with enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines. A considerable decrease in morbidity rate among the vaccinees was achieved (on the average, by 3.2 times) in comparison to that among nonimmunized subjects. The method of nonspecific prophylaxis with live enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines is recommended during outbreaks of diseases induced simultaneously by several causative agents of influenza and ARD, as well as by pathogenic enterovirus strains.

[Experience in teaching emergency care at the otorhinolaryngological faculty of the continuing medical training]. / Opyt prepodavaniia voprosov neotlozhnoi pomoshchi na kafedre otorinolaringologii fakul'teta usovershenstvovaniia vrachei.

In order to improve the expertise and special skills of ENT doctors dealing with urgent cases, the curriculum of advanced medical training courses (the city of Donetsk) has been modified to include several stages: evaluation of the qualification of students; lectures, seminars, practical lessons. This helps ENT doctors to be better prepared when coping with urgent cases, which in turn leads to lower lethality rate and more successful rehabilitation of patients.

[Personal experience with the use of auditory ossicle transplantation in tympanoplasty]. / Nase zkusenosti s pouzitím transplantátu sluchových kustek pri tympanoplastice.

For improvement of the mechanism of transmission of sound we use in tympanoplasty transplants of ossicles obtained from subjects who died accidentally. For preservation we use a 0.5% formaldehyde solution. In 68 patients with chronic suppurative epytympanic inflammation of the middle ear tympanoplasty was performed with transplantation of the complex of auditory ossicles: articulated incus and stapes. Positive functional results were achieved in 59 patients. Transplantation of the ossicles thus may become the method of choice; it must be, however, further improved.

[Results of coded trials of the activity of the trivalent subunit influenza vaccine Grippovak in Moscow kindergartens in December 1983 through the 1st quarter of 1984]. / Rezul'taty zashifrovannykh ispytanii aktivnosti trekhvalentnoi sub''edinichnoi grippoznoi vaktsiny Grippovak v detskikh sadakh Moskvy v dekabre 1983 g.--I kvartale 1984 g.

During the autumn-winter epidemic of influenza-like diseases in December, 1983--first quarter, 1984, in Moscow commissioned coded observations on the effectiveness of prophylactic vaccination against influenza of 3-7-year-old children with a preparation "Grippovak SE-AZh" were carried out in day-care centers. In the previous large-scale trials, 1981-1984, the "Grippovak" had been evaluated positively as a completely harmless, serologically and immunologically active preparation reducing 3-3.5-fold the number of laboratory-verified cases of viral type A and B influenza in the vaccinees. In 1986, however, the "Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology, Immunology" (JMEI, 2: 49-54) published a paper whose authors, on behalf of the Commission which had checked the preparation in the day-care centers (Z.A. Bashliaeva, A.A. Sumarokov, et al.), came to a conclusion that "Grippovak" was ineffective in children. Other members of the above Commission disagreeing with this conclusion made a repeat analysis of the decoded materials of the observations in the day-care centers using computer methods and demonstrated that because of significant prevalence of non-influenza ARD cases and recurrent (up to 44%) ARD cases in children in the 4 months of observation, it was impossible to judge the effectiveness of the vaccine by comparison of the total incidence of influenza and ARD from the clinical data alone in the vaccinees and controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)