Appropriate validation standards for licensure examinations: Comment on Callahan et al. (2020).

Callahan et al. (2020) asserted that the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (Part 2-Skills) has not undergone appropriate validation. Although they recognized that content validity is the foundation of licensure examinations, they suggested additional validational strategies that are not recommended for licensure examination development. This response clarifies the appropriate validation standards for the examination. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Overlap among clinical, counseling, and school psychology: implications for the profession and Combined-Integrated training.

Health care providers within psychology currently fall into three dominant practice areas: clinical, counseling, and school psychology. This article reviews data from four different sources-archival descriptions, training curricula, internship and employment outcomes, and professional activities-to examine the overlap among the three practice areas. Archival descriptions revealed substantial similarities, with smaller but interesting differences. A comparison of actual curricula from 10 programs accredited in each of the three practice areas yielded similar findings: Programs across the three practice areas were much more similar than different. Within-practice area variations among programs were nearly as large as across-practice area differences. We briefly review the professional activities of clinical, counseling, and school psychologists, again demonstrating considerable similarity. We conclude by explaining implications for doctoral training programs, internships settings, and professional credentialing.