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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 16(62): 109-115, abr.-jun. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-125007

RESUMO

Introducción: los trastornos mentales en la infancia son el motivo de consulta no orgánica más importante y el grupo de condiciones crónicas más común atendido en las consultas de Atención Primaria pediátrica. La detección e intervención precoz de estos problemas favorece una rápida recuperación, resultando a largo plazo en una menor carga asistencial. Método: en el Centro de Salud de Ventura Rodríguez se ha desarrollado un programa piloto con 16 cuidadores principales de los niños y niñas de cero a cinco años, que acudían a las consultas de Pediatría. El programa se llevó a cabo en dos grupos, siguiendo un formato de escuela de padres. Para cada grupo se realizaron dos sesiones de hora y media de duración en las que se combinaron contenidos teóricos con actividades prácticas. Resultados: en el primer grupo se reflejaron valoraciones positivas acerca de la utilidad de los contenidos y se consideró viable la continuidad del programa. En el segundo grupo, el 100% de los participantes evaluó el grupo como "bueno" o "muy bueno" y consideró útil toda la información del programa. Conclusiones: los resultados de este programa fueron satisfactorios, lo cual apoya la necesidad de seguir desarrollando actividades de prevención y colaboración entre Salud Mental y Atención Primaria pediátrica (AU)


Introduction: childhood mental disorders are the most important non-organic reasons for consultation and the most common chronic conditions attended in Pediatric Primary Care. Early detection and intervention may prevent or ameliorate the development of these disorders and reduce healthcare burden in the long run. Methods: we designed a parenting program for 16 parents or principal caregivers of 0-5-aged children. Participants were recruited from the Pediatric Primary Care services of the Ventura Rodriguez Health Center in Madrid. Participants were divided into two groups according to their children's™s age. Our program was carried out in two sessions of one hour and a half combining theoretical contents and practical activities. Results: in the first group, we obtained positive qualitative results regarding the usefulness of the addressed contents and the viability of the program. Quantitative data showed that 100% participants in the second group assessed the program as "Good" or "Very Good" and considered useful all the information provided in the program. Conclusion: our results support the necessity of implementing prevention activities in the field of childhood mental health. It is also important to promote cooperation between Pediatric Primary Care and Mental Health services


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Atenção Primária à Saúde/tendências , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Transtornos Mentais/prevenção & controle , Intervenção Médica Precoce/tendências , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Pais/educação , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração
2.
MAPFRE med ; 17(3): 159-165, mar. 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050503

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo con el objetivode describir el comportamiento de la sepsis extrahospitalariasevera en pacientes que ingresaron en la Unidad de CuidadosIntensivos del hospital provincial universitario «Carlos Manuelde Céspedes», de Bayamo desde el 1ro de noviembre del2003 hasta el 31 de octubre del 2004. De 527 pacientesingresados, 94 (17,8%) cumplían los criterios de sepsis severaextrahospitalaria. La edad media fue de 49,4 años (IC =45,5-53,3 y desviación estándar = 19,0). Una estancia hospitalariapromedio de 9,62 días (IC = 8,5-10,8). Las localizacionesmás frecuentes fueron las intraabdominales (51,1%) ylas respiratorias (18,1%). Hubo discreto predominio de los gérmenesgramnegativos en comparación con los grampositivos,(51,56%) y (48,43%) respectivamente, representando a losprimeros la Escherichia coli (15 para 45,45%) y el Estreptococopneumoniae a los segundos (14, para 45,16%). Las complicacionesmás relevantes fueron: los trastornos ácido-básicos(33,17%) e hidroelectrolíticos (20,68%). Los factores deriesgo más importantes tenemos a: la edad mayor o igual de60 años (56,1%), el alcoholismo (15,8%) y la diabetes mellitus(14%). La letalidad fue mayor en estadios más avanzadosdel cuadro con 5 fallecidos de los casos con shock séptico(5,31%) y 7 con disfunción multiorgánica (7,44%)


A prospective descriptive study was carried out to describethe behaviour of severe extra-hospital sepsis in patientsadmitted to the Intensive Care Unit at «Carlos Manuel deCespedes» provincial university hospital of Bayamo, Granmasince november 1st 2003 to october 31st 2004. Out of the527 patients admitted in that period, 94 (17,8%) developed.Severe extra hospital sepsis. The patients average agewas 49,4 years. (IC = 45, 5-53,3). The average hospitalstay was of 9,62 days (IC = 8,5-10,8). Intra-abdominal(51,1%) and respiratory (18,1%) sepses were the mostcommon ones. A slight predominance of gram-negative(Escherichia coli [51,56%]) over gram-positive (StreptococcusPneumoniae [45,16%]) was shown. The major complicationswere acid-base balance disorders (33,17%) andbody water and electrolytes distribution disorders (20,68%).The major risk factors were age (56,1%) of the patientswere over 60 years, alcoholism (15,8%) and diabetes mellitus(14%). Lethality was higher in the more advanced statesof the clinical picture with five deaths case by septic shock(5,31%) and seven deaths as a result of multiple organ dysfunction(13,2%)


Assuntos
Humanos , Sepse/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Alcoolismo/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus/complicações , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Tempo de Internação
3.
MAPFRE med ; 17(2): 129-134, feb. 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051206

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal con el objetivo de describir el comportamiento de la infección nosocomial en pacientes egresados de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del hospital provincial universitario «Carlos Manuel de Céspedes», de Bayamo, desde el 1ro de enero de 1999 hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2000. De 1418 pacientes egresados, 110 (7,7%) cumplieron los criterios de infección nosocomial. Se seleccionaron variables tales como: edad, sexo, factores de riesgos, principales localizaciones, gérmenes frecuentes, tiempo de aparición de la infección y evolución final. En el análisis estadístico se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central y dispersión, así como los intervalos de confianza al 95% para la media. Existió discreto predominio de la infección en el grupo de45 a 59 años, con una media de 51,14 años. La línea venosa central (19,60%), sonda vesical (18,30%) y sonda de levine (13,72%) constituyeron los factores de riesgo principales. Las localizaciones más frecuentes de infección fueron las respiratorias bajas (36,23%) y las urinarias(25,19%). Existió predominio de los gérmenes gramnegativos, entre ellos el enterobacter sp. (35,09%) y la Escherichiacoli (23,07%). La infección apareció entre el segundo y el sexto día (en el 66,3%) y fallecieron el 20,9% delos pacientes que la adquirieron


A longitudinal descriptive study was done with the objective of describing the behaviour of nosocomial infection inpatients discharged from the Intensive Care Unit at «Carlos Manuel de Cespedes» universitary provincial hospital, in Bayamo, from january 1st 1999 to december 31st,2000. From 1418 discharged patients, 110 had criteria of nosocomial infections. Variables such as age, sex, risk factors, principal location, most frequent germs, time of appearance and final evaluation were selected. In the statiscal analysis measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as intervals of reliance to 95% for the media among others were used. The rate of nosocomial infection was 7, 7 per 100 discharged patients. There was a discreet predominant infection in the 45–59 year-old group whit a media of 51-14 years. The presence of central venous line (19, 60%), vesical catheter (18, 30%)and nasogástrica tube (13, 72%) constituted the main risk factors. The most frequent location of infection were the low respiratory (36, 23%) and the urinaries (25,19%).There was a prevalence of gramnegative germs among them, enterobacter sp (35,09%), escherichiacoli (23,07%) and Proteus sp (21, 15%). The infection appeared between the second and the sixth day in (66, 3%) and20,9% of the patients who adquired the infection died


Assuntos
Humanos , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Etários , Fatores Sexuais
4.
Actas Urol Esp ; 24(2): 163-8, 2000 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10829447

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: Three factors in extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) result in pain: shock wave pressure, size of focal area and pressure distribution at entry in the skin. Our Lithotripsy Unit has performed 21,000 outpatient treatments (Dornier HM-4 Lithotripter) with no sedation or anaesthetics. Pain requiring treatment discontinuation resulted in 10% instances. Anxiety-associated pain increases the perceived intensity of pain and influences the emotional response to pain. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the variability in the response to the pain stimulus caused by ESWL is related to the patient's status/trait of anxiety. METHOD: Sample 20 patients; inclusion criteria: pyelic lithiasis > 2 cm, no previous SWEL and no obesity. One SWEL session (2500 pulses, 22 Kv). Anxiety was first evaluated using the status/trait of anxiety index (STAI) questionnaire; after treatment, pain was evaluated on a Numerical Analogic Scale. RESULTS: Pain scores ranged from 2 to 8, mean score 4.1 (S.D. = 1.67); mean score for trait of anxiety 21.8 (S.D. = 8.52), and status of anxiety 29 (S.D. = 5.89). A significant correlation was found between pain-anxiety trait (R = .51; p = .02), which was higher when compared to pain-anxiety status (R = .67; p = .001). CONCLUSIONS: SWEL is a painful therapy (95% of sample had mild-to-moderate pain); pain perception is increased by status of anxiety (45% of pain variance) more than by the trait of anxiety (26.3%); therefore, usage of sedation-analgesia in patients with high anxiety status would improve the lithotripter efficacy ratio.


Assuntos
Ansiedade , Litotripsia/psicologia , Dor/psicologia , Adulto , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor/epidemiologia , Medição da Dor , Percepção , Inquéritos e Questionários
5.
Actas Urol Esp ; 23(5): 440-3, 1999 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10427820

RESUMO

The etiology of retroperitoneal masses that can compress the bladder or the ureters and can result in urinary sings and symptoms is highly varied and may include both benign and malignant entities. This paper contributes one patient that presented with relapsing retrovesical mass with cystic features. The diagnosis from the pathoanatomical study was intestinal duplication.


Assuntos
Colo/anormalidades , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnóstico , Adulto , Colo/patologia , Colo/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/patologia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária
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