Naltrexone accelerated oral traumatic ulcer healing and downregulated TLR-4/NF-kB pathway in Wistar rats.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of naltrexone on oral mucosal healing using a traumatic ulcer model DESIGN: Wistar rats (n = 112) received distilled water (control) or naltrexone (0.5, 10, or 50 mg/kg/day). Ulcers were induced on the buccal mucosa using a round skin biopsy punch (diameter 6 mm). Euthanasia was performed on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. Healing was assessed by ulcer area, histological scores, histomorphometric analysis (number of polymorphonuclears, mononuclears, and fibroblasts), and collagen percentage. Immunohistochemistry for TLR-2, TLR-4, NF-kB, and CD31 was evaluated. Nociceptive threshold was measured daily. RESULTS: The 50 mg/kg group showed reduced ulcer area on days 1 (p < 0.001), 3 (p < 0.05), and 14 (p < 0.01). In this group, there was, on day 14, an increase in the percentage of reepithelization (p = 0.043) and collagen (p < 0.05), an increase in connective tissue maturation (p = 0.016), and on day 7 an increase in fibroblasts (p < 0.001). The 10 mg/kg dose reduced the ulcer area on day 1 (p < 0.001). The 50 mg/kg group showed lower expression of TLR-4 (p < 0.001) on day 1, NF-kB on days 1 (p < 0.05) and 14 (p < 0.05), and CD31 on day 14 (p < 0.05). The 0.5 and 10 mg/kg doses reduced TLR-4 expression on day 1 (p < 0.05; p < 0.01, respectively). Nociceptive threshold increased in the 50 mg/kg group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Naltrexone enhanced traumatic oral ulcer healing by reducing TLR-4/NF-kB signaling and promoting fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition. Additionally, naltrexone reduced pain in rats.

Photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation therapy in zoledronic acid-induced osteonecrosis in rats.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT), using methylene blue (MBO) and photobiomodulation therapy (PT), on the alveolar bone of rats submitted to bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the maxillaries (OMB) model using zoledronic acid (ZA). METHODS: Sixty rats divided into six groups were used: SALINE, PDT, ZA, ZA+PDT, ZA+PT, and ZA+MBO. Three weekly administrations (Days 0, 7, and 14) of ZA 0.20 mg/kg or saline solution were performed. After one month (Day 42), the exodontia of the left lower first molars were performed. An additional dose of ZA was administered at Day 49. PDT was performed on days 42, 45, 49, and 54. One month after exodontia (Day 70), the animals were euthanized to obtain samples for imaging and microscopic analysis. ANOVA/Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The ZA+PDT group showed a significantly lower percentage of apoptotic osteocytes than the ZA group (p < 0.001). The ZA+MBO, ZA+PT, and PDT groups significantly reduced the number of mononuclear cells compared to the ZA group (p < 0.001). The ZA+PT and ZA+PDT groups showed a significant reduction in the number of CD 68+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ (p = 0.002) cells compared to the ZA group. The number of cells expressing INF-y had a significant reduction in the groups co-treated with PT and PDT compared to the ZA group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that PDT and PT attenuated the severity of OMB and the inflammatory process due to a reduction of macrophages, T lymphocytes, and cytokines that stimulate the activity of these cells.

Chronic systemic corticosteroid therapy influences the development of pulp necrosis and experimental apical periodontitis, exacerbating the inflammatory process and bone resorption in rats.

AIM: The main aim of the study was to evaluate the inflammatory response and development of apical periodontitis in rats chronically treated with glucocorticoids. METHODOLOGY: Male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group, which was treated with prednisone (5 mg/kg/day) and a control group, which was administered saline solution for 30 days before induction of apical periodontitis, continuing until the day of euthanasia days 0, 7, 14 and 28 after injury induction. The mandibles were subjected to histological evaluation to determine the size of the lesion, was also performed for the presence and absence of pulp necrosis, bone resorption and micro abscesses, and histomorphometric analyses were performed based on the number of polymorphonuclear cells and mononuclear cells. Histochemical analysis was also performed to assess the percentage of collagen fibres and their typification, in addition to immunohistochemistry for the inflammatory markers interleukin IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and TRAP. RESULTS: Despite after 7 days, there was no differences between groups, a significant increase in the root pulp necrosis (p = .001), micro-abscesses (p = .026) and the size of the apical lesion on the 14th day of treatment with prednisone (p = .008). On the same day, there was also an increase in the number of polymorphonuclear cells (p = .042) and cells immunostained for IL-1ß (p = .006), IL-6 (p < .001) and TRAP (p = .002) in animals treated with prednisone. The numbers of mononuclear cells also increase in 28 days (p = .025) and TNF-α ± increases in the prednisone group on the 7th day (p = .041). The prednisone group also showed a decrease in collagen after 14 (both type I [p = .041] and type III [p = .046]) and 28 type III (p = .002) days after the coronary opening. CONCLUSIONS: The glucocorticoids modified the development of experimental apical periodontitis induced in rats, causing an early increase in periapical bone resorption and pulp necrosis. These effects are associated with alterations in cytokine levels, in the inflammatory response and in collagen deposition, in the 14th day after injury induction.

Qualidade de vida de estudantes de pós-graduação em Odontologia: uma análise por meio dos domínios do WHOQOL-bref / Quality of life of postgraduate students in Dentistry: an analysis through the WHOQOL-bref domains

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida(QV)dosestudantesdepós-graduação em Odontologiapor meiodos domínios do World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com 88 estudantes matriculados em um programa de pós-graduação em Odontologia. Os dados foram coletados entre junho e agosto de 2015, incluindoinformações sociodemográficas e um questionário de qualidade de vida, o WHOQOL-bref. Foi realizada associação dasinformações sociodemográficas com os domínios do questionário utilizadoe análise bivariada,seguida domodelo de regressão logística multinominal, sendo considerado significativo p<0,05. A maioria (55,7%)dos estudantesforam classificados na categoria "satisfação" quanto à qualidade de vida. Entre osdomínios, omaior escore encontrado foi paraRelações Sociais (15,23 ± 2,72),e o menorparao Físico (12,82 ± 1,56). Houve associação dafrequência da prática religiosa (p=0,046) e do ano da pós-graduação (p=0,025) com o domínio Físico; o sexo (p=0,016) e considerar-se religioso (p=0,008) com o domínio Psicológico; e o estado civil com os domínios Relações Sociais (p=0,017) e Meio Ambiente (p=0,008). A QVdos estudantes de pós-graduação em Odontologia foi mensurada na região de satisfação, podendo ser influenciada por fatores como religiosidade, ano da pós-graduação, sexo e estado civil (AU).

The objective of the study was to assessthe quality of life (QoL) of postgraduate students in Dentistry through the domains of the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref(WHOQOL-bref). This is a cross-sectional study, with 88 students enrolled in a postgraduate program in Dentistry. Data were collected between June and August 2015, including sociodemographic information and a quality of life questionnaire, the WHOQOL-bref. Sociodemographic information was associated with the domains of the questionnaire used. Bivariate analysis, followed by the multinomial logistic regression model were carried out, with p <0.05 being considered significant. The majority (55.7%) of students were classified in the "satisfaction" category interms of quality of life. In the domains, the highestscore found was in Social Relations (15.23 ± 2.72), and the lowest, in Physical (12.82 ± 1.56). There was an association between the frequency of religious practice (p=0.046) and the year of postgraduate school (p=0.025) with the Physical domain; gender(p 0.016) and consider yourself religious (p=0.008) with the Psychological domain; and marital status with the Social Relations (p=0.017) and Environment (p = 0.008) domains. The QoL of postgraduate students in Dentistry was measured in the region of satisfaction, which can be influenced by factors such as religiosity, year of graduation, genderand marital status (AU).

Qualidade de vida em estudantes de odontologia na Pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo multicêntrico / Quality of life in dentistry students in the Pandemic of COVID-19: a multicentric study

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) de estudantes de Odontologia de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) do Estado do Ceará, Brasil, na pandemia de Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). O método utilizado foi um estudo transversal, e a coleta de dados ocorreu em maio de 2020, online, por meio de questionários com variáveis sociodemográficas, as relacionadas ao curso e as comportamentais, além do World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Foi realizada regressão logística multinomial. Participaram 864 estudantes. Variáveis como maior renda (p = 0,034), possuir religião (p = 0,010), possuir plano de saúde (p = 0,005), satisfação com a qualidade do sono (p < 0,001), ausência de insônia (p < 0,001) e praticar atividade física (p < 0,001) foram associadas à maior satisfação quanto à QV. A QV dos estudantes foi classificada insatisfatória, talvez impactada pela COVID-19. Variáveis que refletiram uma condição de vida mais favorável economicamente estiveram associadas à satisfação com a qualidade de vida desse público na pandemia.

This study aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL) of dental students in the 2019 Coronavirus Disease pandemic (COVID-19). A cross-sectional study was carried out with undergraduate students in Dentistry from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Data collection took place in May 2020, online, using questionnaires with sociodemographic, course-related and behavioral variables, in addition to the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Multinomial logistic regression was performed. 864 students participated in this study. Variables such as higher income (p = 0.034), having religion (p = 0.010), having health insurance (p = 0.005), satisfaction with sleep quality (p < 0.001), absence of insomnia (p < 0.001) and practicing physical activity always (p < 0.001) were associated with greater satisfaction regarding QOL. The QoL of dental students was classified in the dissatisfaction category, being perhaps impacted by the pandemic of COVID-19. Variables that reflected a more economically favorable living condition were associated with satisfaction with the quality of life of this public in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Qualidade de vida de mestrandos em Odontologia / Quality of life graduate students in Dentistry

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a Qualidade de Vida (QV) dos mestrandosem Odontologiada Universidade Federal do Ceará. O estudo foi transversal, do tipo quantitativo e a coleta de dados ocorreu no período de agosto de 2015 a maio de 2016. Foram investigadas variáveis sociodemográficas e aQV foi mensurada utilizando o instrumentoWhoqol-bref. Foi realizada análise bivariada e regressão logística multinominal. Participaram do estudo 50 discentes, sendo 29 do sexo feminino (58%); 37eramsolteiros(74%) e 47 não possuíamfilhos (94%). Os resultados mostraram que na análise de QV60% da amostra apresentou satisfação. Já quanto aos domínios, 82% obteve insatisfação/indiferença no domínio Físico,enquanto 76% mostraram-se satisfeitosquanto ao domínioRelações Sociais. Significância estatística foi encontrada quando associada a participação em grupo de atividades sociaisao domínio Meio Ambiente (p=0,016). A maior parte da amostra mostrou-se satisfeita quanto à qualidade de vida, enquanto o domínio Físico apresentou maior percentual de insatisfação/indiferença e o de Relações Sociais o maior percentual de satisfação (AU).

The objective of this study was to evaluate the Quality ofLife (QOL)of master's degree students in Dentistry of theFederal University of Ceará. This was a cross-sectional, quantitative-type study and data collection occurred from August 2015 to May 2016. Sociodemographic variables were investigated and QOL wasmeasured using the Whoqol-bref instrument. Bivariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression were performed. Fifty students participated in the study, 29 were female (58%); 37 were single (74%) and 47 had no children (94%). The results showed that inthe QOL analysis, 60% of the sample was satisfied. As for the domains, 82% obtained dissatisfaction/indifference in the Physical domain, while 76% were satisfied with the Social Relations domain. Statistical significance was found when associated with participationin a group of social activities in the Environment domain (p = 0,016). The vast majorityof the sample was satisfied with the quality of life, while the Physical domain had the highest percentage of dissatisfaction/indifference and the Social Relationshipthe highest percentage of satisfaction (AU).

Fatores de estresse e qualidade de vida de estudantes de Odontologia / Stress factors and quality of life of Dental students

O objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre os fatores de estresse e qualidade de vida de estudantes de graduação em Odontologia. Foram selecionados artigos publicados entres os anos de 2014 e 2017, publicados na íntegra, em português ou inglês. A busca de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine (PubMed), por meio da combinação - utilizando o operador booleano "AND" - dos descritores, em português e inglês: "Qualidade de Vida/Quality of Life", "Estudantes de Odontologia/Students, Dental", "Educação Superior/Education, Higher". Foram encontrados 5.537 artigos, sendo 10 selecionados. A LILACS foi a base de dados com mais estudos selecionados (80%) e todos os estudos foram classificados no nível IV de evidência científica. Foram identificados estudos que analisaram os níveis de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e qualidade de vida, bem como os fatores mais estressantes entre estudantes de Odontologia em universidades públicas e privadas. Concluiu-se que diversos fatores são estressantes para acadêmicos de Odontologia, entre os quais destacam-se a alta carga de trabalho durante o curso e o medo de falhar durante a graduação. Estudos que analisem a qualidade de vida destes estudantes ainda são escassos na literatura (AU).

The objective of the study was to perform an integrative review on the stress factors and quality of life of undergraduate Dental students. Articles published between the years 2014 and 2017, published in full, in Portuguese or English, were selected. The data search was carried out in the databases Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine (PubMed), through the combination ­ using the Boolean operator "AND" ­ of the descriptors, in Portuguese and English: "Qualidade de Vida/Quality of Life", "Estudantes de Odontologia/Students, Dental", "Educação Superior/Education, Higher". A total of 5.537 articles were found, of which 10 were selected. LILACS was the database with more studies selected (80%) and all studies were classified in level IV of scientific evidence. Studies that analyzed the levels of depression, anxiety, stress and quality of life were identified, as well as the most stressful factors among students of Dentistry in public and private universities. It was concluded that several factors are stressful for Dental scholars, among them the high workload during the course and the fear of failing during graduation. Studies that analyze the quality of life of these students are still scarce in the literature (AU).

Panorama situacional da Teleodontologia no mundo: uma revisão integrativa / Situational panorama of Teleodontology in the world: an integrative review

O uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) para a troca de dados e informações em Odontologia, provendo serviços de saúde em situações em que seja necessário transpor barreiras geográficas, temporais, sociais e culturais é chamado de Teleodontologia. O objetivo dessa revisão integrativa foi analisar o panorama situacional global da Teleodontologia. Foram selecionados artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, na íntegra, tanto em português quanto em inglês. A busca dos periódicos foi realizada nas bases de dados Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Literatura Latinoamericana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde e PubMed, por meio da combinação dos seguintes descritores "Telemedicine", "Dentistry", "Distance, Education", nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Foram encontrados 340 artigos, sendo 14 incluídos para avaliação final, sendo o PubMed a base de dados que mais prevaleceu (71,4%). A maioria dos estudos (85,7%) foi incluída no nível IV de evidência. Foram identificados estudos informando sobre o uso dessa tecnologia para minimizar as barreiras geográficas e fornecer uma assistência adequada às populações mais vulneráveis e outros sobre relatos de profissionais, estudantes de Odontologia e pacientes quanto ao uso da Teleodontologia. Concluiu-se que a Teleodontologia é uma realidade global, mas ainda necessita de disseminação de suas experiências na comunidade científica, para sua consolidação como uma ferramenta educativa e de assistência à saúde (AU).

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for the exchange of data and information in Dentistry, providing health services in situations where it is necessary to overcome geographical, temporal, social and cultural barriers is called Teleodontology. The objective of this integrative review was to analyze the overall situational panorama of Teleodontology. Scientific articles published in the last 10 years have been selected, in full, in portuguese and in english. The search for the journals was carried out in the Scientific Eletronic Library Online databases, LILACS and PubMed, by means of combining the following descriptors: "Telemedicine", "Dentistry", "Education, Distance", in portuguese and english. A total of 340 articles were found, of which 14 were included for final evaluation, with PubMed the most prevalent database (71.4%). Most studies (85.7%) were included in level 4 evidence. Were identified studies reporting the use of this technology to minimize geographical barriers and to provide adequate assistance to the most vulnerable populations and others on reports from professionals, dentists and patients regarding the use of Teleodontology. It was concluded that Teleodontology is a global reality, but still needs to disseminate its experiences to the scientific community, for its consolidation as an educational and health care tool (AU).

Quality of life of postgraduate students stricto sensu in dentistry and sociodemographic factors / Qualidade de vida dos alunos de pós-graduação stricto sensu em odontologia e fatores sociodemográficos

Introduction: Quality of life (QL) is subjective and must be based on a multidimensional construct and on positive and negative factors in the individual's life. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the QL of the students of the Postgraduate Program in Dentistry (PPGO) of the Federal University of Ceará. Material and method: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted with 88 students regularly enrolled in PPGO. The QL was measured by the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). For a better analysis of the QL scores, they were categorized into three levels: dissatisfaction, uncertainty and satisfaction. A multinomial logistic regression model was used. Result: The majority of the respondents (55.7%) was classified in the area of satisfaction with QL, with 14,05 total average scores, corresponding to 62.8% of the total. By associating the socio-demographic data with the categories of analysis of QL, it was observed relevant in single students (p=0.005), those who considered themselves religious (p=0.041) and those who did not have a postgraduate scholarship (p=0.025), being evaluated in the area of dissatisfaction/uncertainty about the QL. Conclusion: It was concluded that marital status, religion and scholarship in postgraduate school were relevant in the QL of stricto sensu postgraduate students in Dentistry.

Introdução: A qualidade de vida (QV) é subjetiva e deve ser baseada num constructo multidimensional e em fatores positivos e negativos da vida do indivíduo. Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a QV dos estudantes do Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia (PPGO) da Universidade Federal do Ceará. Material e método: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 88 discentes regulamente matriculados no PPGO. A QV foi mensurada pelo World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Para uma melhor análise dos escores de QV, eles foram categorizados em três níveis: insatisfação, indefinição e satisfação. Modelo de regressão logística multinomial foi utilizado. Resultado: A maioria dos entrevistados (55,7%) foi classificada na região de satisfação quanto a QV, sendo 14,05 a média total dos escores, correspondendo a 62,8% do total. Ao associar os dados sociodemográficos com as categorias de análise da QV, observou-se relevância nos estudantes solteiros (p=0,005), os que se consideraram religiosos (p=0,041) e aqueles que não possuíam bolsa na pós-graduação (p=0,025), sendo avaliados na região de insatisfação/indefinição quanto à QV. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o estado civil, religiosidade e bolsa na pós-graduação foram relevantes na QV dos alunos da pós-graduação stricto sensu em Odontologia.

Uso da irrigação ultrassônica passiva como medida potenciadora na desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares - revisão de literatura / Use of passive ultrasonic irrigation as an enhancement measure in disinfection of the root canal system - literature review

Objetivo: o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura a fim de discutir e elucidar a eficácia da Irrigação Ultrassônica Passiva (PUI) na desinfecção do Sistema de Canais Radiculares (SCR). Material e Métodos: foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos 2010 e 2016, por meio dos bancos de dados PUBMED, MEDLINE E LILACS, em inglês e espanhol. Resultados e Conclusão: PUI é eficaz na limpeza e desinfecção do SCR, entretanto é necessário que se estabeleça um protocolo universal para o uso da técnica.

Objective: the objective of this study was to conduct a literature review in order to discuss and clarify the effectiveness of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI), the disinfection of the root canal system (SCR). Materials and Methods: we selected articles between 2010 and 2016 through the databases PubMed, MEDLINE and LILACS, that were published in English and Spanish. Results and Conclusion: PUI is effective in cleaning and disinfection of the SCR, but it is necessary to establish a universal protocol for using the technique.