Predictive factors of six-week mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at six weeks, especially by analyzing the role of antivirals and munomodulators. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive multicenter cohort study. SETTING: 26 Intensive care units (ICU) from Andalusian region in Spain. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included from March 8 to May 30. INTERVENTIONS: None. VARIABLES: Variables analyzed were demographic, severity scores and clinical condition. Support therapy, drug and mortality were analyzed. An univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression with propensity score analysis was applied. RESULTS: 495 patients were enrolled, but 73 of them were excluded for incomplete data. Thus, 422 patients were included in the final analysis. Median age was 63 years and 305 (72.3%) were men. ICU mortality: 144/422 34%; 14 days mortality: 81/422 (19.2%); 28 days mortality: 121/422 (28.7%); 6-week mortality 152/422 36.5%. By multivariable Cox proportional analysis, factors independently associated with 42-day mortality were age, APACHE II score, SOFA score at ICU admission >6, Lactate dehydrogenase at ICU admission >470U/L, Use of vasopressors, extrarenal depuration, %lymphocytes 72h post-ICU admission <6.5%, and thrombocytopenia whereas the use of lopinavir/ritonavir was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Age, APACHE II, SOFA>value of 6 points, along with vasopressor requirements or renal replacement therapy have been identified as predictor factors of mortality at six weeks. Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.

Predictive factors of six-week mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2: A multicenter prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to identify the risk factors associated with mortality at six weeks, especially by analyzing the role of antivirals and munomodulators. DESIGN: Prospective descriptive multicenter cohort study. SETTING: 26 Intensive care units (ICU) from Andalusian region in Spain. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included from March 8 to May 30. INTERVENTIONS: None. VARIABLES: Variables analyzed were demographic, severity scores and clinical condition. Support therapy, drug and mortality were analyzed. An univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression with propensity score analysis was applied. RESULTS: 495 patients were enrolled, but 73 of them were excluded for incomplete data. Thus, 422 patients were included in the final analysis. Median age was 63 years and 305 (72.3%) were men. ICU mortality: 144/422 34%; 14 days mortality: 81/422 (19.2%); 28 days mortality: 121/422 (28.7%); 6-week mortality 152/422 36.5%. By multivariable Cox proportional analysis, factors independently associated with 42-day mortality were age, APACHE II score, SOFA score at ICU admission >6, Lactate dehydrogenase at ICU admission >470U/L, Use of vasopressors, extrarenal depuration, %lymphocytes 72h post-ICU admission <6.5%, and thrombocytopenia whereas the use of lopinavir/ritonavir was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Age, APACHE II, SOFA>value of 6 points, along with vasopressor requirements or renal replacement therapy have been identified as predictor factors of mortality at six weeks. Administration of corticosteroids showed no benefits in mortality, as did treatment with tocilizumab. Lopinavir/ritonavir administration is identified as a protective factor.

Gangrena de Fournier / Fournier's gangrene

Introducción. La gangrena de Fournier es una infección necrosante subcutánea de origen urogenital o anorrectal, que afecta a la zona genital, perineo y pared anterior del abdomen en la que están implicados gérmenes aerobios y anaerobios. Es una enfermedad poco frecuente, pero potencialmente letal. Pacientes y métodos. Estudiamos de forma retrospectiva 10 casos de gangrena de Fournier, desde 1994 hasta 1999. En la recogida de datos figuran: filiación, edad y sexo, antecedentes patológicos, factores predisponentes, causas, clínica, analítica, tratamiento médico y quirúrgico, gérmenes, antibioterapia, estancia, ingreso en UCI y resultados. Resultados. Todos los pacientes eran varones, con una edad media de 65 años. Todos tenían importante patología orgánica de base y presentaban factores predisponentes, destacando la diabetes mellitus (6 casos) seguida del consumo crónico de alcohol (5 casos). La etiología fue: absceso perianal (3 casos), instrumentación urológica o rectal (2 casos), enfermedades genitourinarias (2 casos), idiopática (2 casos) y traumatismo (un caso). La clínica fue similar, con una zona de celulitis inicial, con dolor local en el escroto y posterior diseminación perineal, con crepitación y cuadro febril. Todos presentaban leucocitosis franca. En todos los pacientes se instauró antibioterapia y se realizó desbridamiento en una o varias sesiones, así como medidas de soporte metabólico y nutricional. En 3 casos se realizó íleo-colostomía derivativa y en 2 casos cistostomía suprapúbica. El germen más aislado fue E. coli, seguido de Bacteroides. En la antibioterapia destaca el uso de piperacilina/tazobactam. La estancia media fue d 27 días. Cinco pacientes requirieron su ingreso en la UCI. Fallecieron 4 pacientes (40 por ciento), con un denominador común de sepsis; de ellos dos llevaban estoma (colostomía).Conclusiones. La gangrena de Fournier es una enfermedad de alta morbimortalidad, especialmente en pacientes mayores, con factores predisponentes como diabetes y alcoholismo y cuya causa desencadenante es una enfermedad perirrectal o urogenital, que no ha sido tratada correctamente. El pronóstico es incierto, llegando nuestra serie a una mortalidad del 40 por ciento, por lo que el diagnóstico precoz y la terapéutica temprana y agresiva son esenciales (desbridamiento quirúrgico, antibióticos de amplio espectro y cuidados intensivos) (AU)