RESUMO
Fracture healing is a complicated process involving many growth factors, cells, and physical forces. In cases, where natural healing is not able, efforts have to be undertaken to improve healing. For this purpose, tissue engineering may be an option. In order to stimulate cells to form a bone tissue several factors are needed: cells, scaffold, and growth factors. Stem cells derived from bone marrow or adipose tissues are the most useful in this regard. The differentiation of the cells can be accelerated using mechanical stimulation. The first part of this chapter describes the influence of longitudinal strain application. The second part uses a sophisticated approach with stem cells on a newly developed biomaterial (Sponceram) in a rotating bed bioreactor with the administration of bone morphogenetic protein-2. It is shown that such an approach is able to produce bone tissue constructs. This may lead to production of larger constructs that can be used in clinical applications.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Células da Medula Óssea/fisiologia , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/farmacologia , Osso e Ossos/fisiologia , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/farmacologia , Células-Tronco/fisiologia , Engenharia Tecidual/instrumentação , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/metabolismo , Osso e Ossos/citologia , Osso e Ossos/efeitos dos fármacos , Diferenciação Celular , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/metabolismo , Mecanotransdução Celular , Osteogênese , Células-Tronco/citologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas de Cultura de Tecidos/instrumentação , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Alicerces TeciduaisRESUMO
In the present study, the attempt to synthesize a multibiofunctional polymeric vector to be used for construction of composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering has been undertaken. The polymers based on 2-deoxy-2-methacrylamido- d-glucose were functionalized by a growth factor (BMP-2), GRGDSP peptide, and poly( l-lysine) using aldehyde chemistry. The covalent modification process was quantitatively studied, and a polymer conjugate containing all these ligands was formed. In addition, the impacts of coupled ligands toward the adsorption of polymers on the commercial mineral macroporous matrix Sponceram used in cell culture applications were studied.
