[Concentration of interleukin-6 and interleukin-12 in pregnant women infected and noninfected with parvovirus B19]. / Stezenia interleukin 6 oraz 12 u kobiet ciezarnych zakazonych ludzkim parwowirusem B19 i niezakazonych.

The aim of the study was to pay attention to the frequency and consequences of Parvovirus B19 infection and observation of IL-6 and IL-12 concentrations in pregnant women who have or have not undergone parvovirus infection. In 32 pregnant women in their first or the next pregnancy with the imminent abortion IgM and IgG antibodies against Parvovirus B19 and serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-12 were determined using ELISA test. Parvovirus infection was diagnosed in 14 patients, abortion occurred in 5 cases and in 1 case fetal dystrophy was found. In the group of 18 noninfected pregnant women all the pregnancies were finished by healthy newborn delivery. Statistical analysis showed significant increase of IL-6 and IL-12 concentrations in patients infected by parvovirus in comparison to the noninfected group. The estimation of IL-6 concentration may be helpful in evaluation of existing intrauterine inflammation. The concentration of IL-12 should be analysed taking under consideration its role in the cytokine network.

[Bacterial flora in pharyngitis and tonsillitis]. / Flora bakteryjna w zapaleniu gardla i migdalków.

The aim of the study was a microbiological analysis of pharyngeal swabs obtained from 158 patients with the diagnosis of pharyngitis and purulent exudates from the tonsillar crypts of 10 patients treated for chronic purulent tonsillitis. Beta haemolytic streptococci groups A, B, C and G were isolated from 30% of the patients. The most frequently isolated were Streptococcus pyogenes--12% of patients and Streptococcus group C--10.7%. Other streptococci were isolated less frequently: Streptococcus group B--44%, group G--2.5%. The majority of isolated bacteria belonged to potential pathogenic flora (70% patients). Staphylococcus aureus (37%) and Haemophilus spp. (36%) were isolated most frequently. Other bacteria were isolated in the following sequence: Moraxella catarrhalis--22%, Streptococcus pneumoniae--17% and Gram-negative rods from the Enterobacteriaceae family--6%. One case of Plaut-Vincent tonsillitis was diagnosed. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were isolated from purulent exudates from the tonsillar crypts of 10 patients treated for chronic purulent tonsillitis. The isolated anaerobic bacteria belonged to genus of Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus and Gemella.

[A Polish multicenter survey of antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of beta-lactamase production among bacterial pathogens isolated from hospitalized and ambulatory patients]. / Ocena opornosci na antybiotyki i czestosci wystepowania beta-laktamazy wsród szczepów bakterii izolowanych od chorych leczonych w szpitalu i ambulatoryjnie Polskie badania wieloosrodkowe.

The aim of the study was to establish the frequency of occurrence of bacterial pathogens with beta-lactamase activity, and pattern of resistance among aerobic and anaerobic strains isolated from: respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissues (hospitalized patients) and throat swabs (ambulatory patients). The study was conducted in 1994 year in 6 bacteriological laboratories in four Polish towns (Warszawa, Kraków, Katowice, Gdansk) according to the protocol. Sensitivity of bacteria was tested by the disc method on the Müeller-Hinton agar or chocolate agar according to NCCLS, activity of beta-lactamase was tested with nitrocephin. A total 2038 clinical strains--1869 aerobic and 169 anaerobic was well-defined and tested for susceptibility to ten antibiotics--amoxicilin, augmentin, ofloxacin, gentamycin, cefradin, erythromycin, cefuroxim, kotrimoxazol, cefalexin and cefaclor. Among the isolated aerobes Staphylococcus aureus (25.1%), E. coli (23.2%) and Haemophilus influenzae (14.0%) were most frequent, and in the group of anaerobes the most frequent were Bacteroides spp (40.8%) We have found 45.8% of all tested aerobic strains with beta-lactamase production, the highest proportion in pathogens isolated from respiratory tract--51.4%, 46.6% from urinary tract, and 48.4% from skin and soft tissues. Among the isolated anaerobic--68.8% of Bacteroides and 28.6% others produced beta-lactamase. Forty percentage of all strains were sensitive to amoxicilin, 70-90% of aerobic bacteria were sensitive to augmentin. Augmentin had a high activity against anaerobic bacteria too. Only a small proportion of the tested aerobic bacteria (12.2%) were resistant to ofloxacin, gentamycin showed a sufficient activity against tested strains (24.4% were resistant). The most frequent pathogen--Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to amoxicilin in 83.1% hospitalized patients, and in 73.9% in ambulatory patients.

[Susceptibility to antibiotics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from pus specimens obtained from patients referred for autovaccine therapy]. / Lekowrazliwosc szczepów Staphylococcus aureus izolowanych z ropy pacjentów kierowanych do leczenia autoszczepionka.

Autovaccine was prepared for 268 patients treated for: osteomyelitis--95, acne--63, furunculosis--53, and other pyogenic infections--57 patients. 540 bacterial strains were isolated from the specimens obtained from patients. 170 Staphylococcus aureus strains were cultured, what represents 31.5% of the isolated strains. Isolated Staphylococcus aureus strains were most often penicillin-resistant (91.5%), amplicillin-resistant (86%), less frequently tetracycline-resistant (73%), and doxycycline-resistant (53.1%). Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from outpatients were found to be less resistant to particular antibiotics as compared to the group of strains isolated from the inpatients receiving treatment in different hospital departments. 13.5% of studied Staphylococcus aureus strains were methicillin-resistant.

[Action in vitro of disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2EDTA) and antibiotics on resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus]. / Dzialanie in vitro soli dwusodowej kwasu etylenodwuaminoczterooctowego (Na2 EDTA) i antybiotyków na oporne gronkowce zlociste.

The investigation of action of Na2EDTA and doxycycline on strains of staphylococci resistant to doxycycline was performed by two methods: serial dilutions of tested substances in the fluid and solid medium. MIC values for Na2EDTA, doxycycline and both substances together were determined. Both methods resulted in an observation that for majority of tested doxycycline-resistant strains, application of various concentrations of doxycycline together with Na2EDTA resulted in a change of sensitivity of bacteria to the antibiotic by lowering concentration needed for bacterial growth inhibition. It seems that in further studies laborious and time-consuming method of serial dilutions in the fluid medium, should be replaced by more convenient and easier to perform method of serial dilutions of drugs in solid agar medium.

[Treatment with neomycin and Na2EDTA for skin infections in rabbits caused by Staphylococcus aureus]. / Leczenie neomycyna i Na2EDTA doswiadczalnych zakazen skóry królika gronkowcem zlocistym.

The rabbits were infected intradermally with a strain of S. aureus resistant to neomycin. They were treated with neomycin, Na2EDTA and by combination of these substances, which were applied as a cream with differing concentrations of these factors. Simultaneous application of neomycin and Na2EDTA for treatment of experimental staphylococcal infections caused in rabbits with a strain resistant to neomycin, resulted in acceleration of healing of pustular changes, when compared with results obtained in animals treated with these substances alone.

[Effect of bismuth salts in elimination of Helicobacter pylori from gastric mucosa in patients with duodenal ulcer]. / Wplyw soli bizmutu na eliminacje Helicobacter pylori z blony sluzowej zoladka u chorych z wrzodem dwunastnicy.

Bismuth salts belong do basic drugs used for elimination of Helicobacter pylori (HP), a microorganism which is postulated to participate in etiopathogenesis of duodenal ulcer. The study was aimed at evaluation of effectiveness of application of tripotassium bismuth citrate (Ventrisol-Polfa) in elimination of HP and its influence on treatment of the ulcer. In 30 patients with diagnosed endoscopically duodenal ulcer, Ventrisol in tablets was applied (2 x 2); it was also used in its fluid form (4 x 5 ml). The time of treatment amounted to 28 days. During endoscopy, samples from various parts of the stomach were taken for microbiological inspection and they were studied in direct smear and in culture. HP was isolated from 20 out of 30 patients (37%) before treatment. After application of Ventrisol, the bacteria were present in 11/30 (34%) treated patients (p < 0.05). There was no influence of the form of drug for elimination of HP. No dependence was also found between elimination of HP and healing of the ulcer.

[Occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in mucous membrane of stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer and inflammation of stomach mucous membrane]. / Wystepowanie Helicobacter pylori w blonie sluzowej zoladka u chorych z wrzodem dwunastnicy i zapaleniem blony sluzowej zoladka.

In 1990-1991 microbiological studies were performed aimed at determination of frequency of occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in patients treated because of peptic ulcer in Department of Gastroenterology in Katowice. Studies were performed in 112 patients. Out of these, in 73 duodenal ulcer was detected endoscopically (group I), in 26--inflammation of stomach mucous membrane with erosion (group II), and in 13--both duodenal ulcer and erosion of stomach membrane (group III). Samples from mucous membrane of pylorus and of stomach taken endoscopically were tested microscopically and in culture. Helicobacter pylori was found in 74 patients (66.1%). Frequency of isolation was different in individual groups. Helicobacter pylori was found in 51 patients (70%) of group I, 15 (58%) of group II and in 8 (61%) of group III. Helicobacter pylori was most frequently isolated from patients with duodenal and stomach ulcer (81.3%).

[Etiologic bacterial factors of infections in patients treated at the clinical anesthesiology ward and with intensive therapy]. / Bakteryjne czynniki etiologiczne zakazen u chorych leczonych w Klinicznym Oddziale Anestezjologii i intensywnej Terapii.

Bacteriological investigations were carried on 264 patients treated in 1988-1990. 1736 samples of biological materials were taken and it amounts to 6-7 samples from each patient. Most frequently isolated microorganisms were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15%), Proteus mirabilis (13%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10%). Serological typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was performed according to Habs and domination of immunotype P16 (30%) was detected. Majority of isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae were not typable with basic and broadened phage set. One strain was susceptible to phages KI12 and KI27. This phage type was not isolated in Poland before. Staphylococci were most frequently susceptible to group II phages (29%), additional phages (19%) and 15% were not typable with the phage set used. Isolated bacteria were in majority resistant to numerous antibiotics.

[Bacteriologic examinations of patients with burns]. / Badania bakteriologiczne u chorych z ranami oparzeniowymi.

Bacteriological studies were performed on 189 patients treated during 1985-1989. 800 samples were tested which were taken from various sites of burn wound (3-5 smears from a patient). Surface of burn amounted to 15-86% and degree of burn was IIb/III. In 772 samples, 2073 bacterial strains were found. Most frequent were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (31%) and Staphylococcus aureus (29%). Remaining strains consisted chiefly of Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas cepacia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. Serological typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carried according to Fisher demonstrated dominance of immunotype T3.7 (43%). Staphylococcal strains were most frequently sensitive to group III phages and/or supplementary phages.

[Effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt and doxycycline on drug resistant bacteria]. / Dzialanie soli dwusodowej kwasu etylenodwuaminoczterooctowego i doksycykliny na lekooporne bakterie.

Effect of Na2EDTA and doxycycline applied alone and in combination in the treatment of experimentally induced dermatitis in rabbits with Staphylococcus aureus resistant to tetracyclines was studied. The rabbits were divided into three groups. The animals of group I were treated locally with the ointment containing 1% doxycycline or 1% Na2EDTA. In group II topical treatment was applied by means of injections of Na2EDTA solution in doses of 12.5 and 6.25 mg Na2EDTA per 1 kg/body weight. Group III was also treated locally with Na2EDTA solution like in group II, but additionally doxycycline in a dose of 50 micrograms per 1 kg/body weight was given i.v. Favourable therapeutic results were observed in the case of local, simultaneous application of Na2EDTA and doxycycline, or local application of Na2EDTA, and intravenous administration of doxycycline. However, the best therapeutic effect was seen in the case of local, simultaneous application of the ointment containing Na2EDTA and doxycycline.