Complicaciones postoperatorias asociadas a la cirugía del tercer molar inferior retenido / Postoperative complications associated with impacted lower third molar surgery

Antecedentes: La cirugía del tercer molar inferior retenido es unprocedimiento de rutina en la práctica de la cirugía bucal. Varias complicaciones surgen como resultado de esta intervención quirúrgica. Entre las más frecuentes se encuentran: dolor, infl amación, trismo, hemorragia, equimosis, alveolitis, infección, parestesia y dificultad para comer. Objetivos: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la incidencia de complicaciones postoperatorias en la cirugía del tercer molar inferior retenido en pacientes de la Unidad Académica deOdontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit a fin de tenerlas en cuenta y tomar las respectivas precauciones, ya sea para tratar de evitarlas en lo sucesivo o bien, para reconocerlas y darles tratamiento. No se incluye dolor, infl amación ni trismo. Material y métodos: Este estudio fue longitudinal y prospectivo de siete días consecutivos y de 30 días en total en 38 pacientes entre 16 y 38 años de edad. Se evaluaron las complicaciones postoperatorias relacionadas con la cirugía del tercer molar inferior. Resultados: Participaron 38 pacientes; 29 del género femenino (76.3 por ciento) y 9 del masculino (23.7 por ciento) de entre 16 y 38 años, con un promedio de edad de 23.16 ± 5.2 años. La complicación más frecuente fue la difi cultad para masticar seguida de equimosis...

Background: Impacted lower third molar surgery is a routine pro-cedure in the practice of oral surgery. However, there are various complications associated with the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars, the most common being pain, swelling, trismus, hemor-rhaging, ecchymosis, dry socket, infection, paresthesia, and diffi culty with chewing. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of postoperative complications following impacted lower third molar surgery in patients at the Academic Unit of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Nayarit, so as to ensure these are taken into account and that the respective precautions are taken, either by attempting to avoid them in the future or to recognize and treat them. Pain, infl ammation and trismus are not analyzed in this paper. Material and methods: A longitudinal prospective study of 38 patients between the ages of 16 and 38 years old (with an average age 23.1) was carried out over seven consecutive days, with follow up examination performed at 15 and 30 days. The postoperative complications associated with lower third molar surgery were assessed. Results: 38 patients took part; 29 females (76.3%) and 9 males (23.7%) between the ages of 16 and 38 years, with a mean age of 23.16 ± 5.2 years old. The most common complication was diffi culty with chewing followed by ecchymosis...

Factores psicosociales y síndrome de Burnout en médicos generales de Tepic, Nayarit (México) / Psychosocial variables and Burnout syndrome in general physicians in Tepic, Nayarit (México)

Objetivo: Analizar los factores psicosociales que se asocian al síndrome de burnout en los médicos generales que laboran para una institución pública de salud en Tepic, Nayarit (México). Material y métodos: El estudio fue transversal analítico. La población la conformaron 97 médicos generales de manera voluntaria y bajo consentimiento informado. Para captar la información se emplearon dos instrumentos: la guía de identificación de factores psicosociales del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social y la escala de "Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)". Resultados: La prevalencia global para los factores psicosociales fue del 23.7% y del 32% para el síndrome de burnout. Se obtuvieron asociaciones significativas entre algunas áreas de los factores psicosociales con diferentes dimensiones del síndrome de burnout. Se demostró evidencia significativa entre ambas escalas, con un OR de 2.70, IC=1.02-4.30 y p= 0.0441. Conclusiones: Los médicos probablemente manifiestan el síndrome de burnout debido a la exigencia que implica velar la salud y el bienestar de las personas, adecuar las áreas laborales y organización del trabajo y las tareas podría ser una estrategia importante.

Objective: To examine the psychosocial factors that are associated with burnout syndrome in the general physicians who work for a public health institution in Tepic (Nayarit, Mexico). Material and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was performed. The population was comprised of 97 general physicians who participated voluntarily and signed an informed consent. To collect the information, two instruments were used: the identification of psychosocial factors guide of the Mexican Social Security Institute and the scale of "Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Results: The overall prevalence of psychosocial factors was 23.7% and 32% for the burnout syndrome. Significant associations were obtained between some areas of psychosocial factors with different dimensions of burnout syndrome. It showed significant evidence between both scales, with an OR of 2.70 and a value of p = 0.0441. Conclusions: The physicians may manifest burnout syndrome due to the requirement that deserves health care and welfare of people. Adjustment of work area, job organization and tasks could be an important strategy.

Community participation and domiciliary occurrence of infected Meccus longipennis in two Mexican villages in Jalisco state.

The entomological features of Chagas disease in two western Mexican villages were analyzed through triatomines collection by the inhabitants and active research in the peridomicile. The inhabitant collections have the following comparable characteristics: 1) Meccus longipennis was the dominant species (> 91%), 2) around 43% of the insects were collected indoors, 3) about 70% of triatomines were adults, 4) cumulated rates of infestation of the dwellings reached 40-50%, 5) the triatomine infection rate by Trypanosoma cruzi was > 50%, and 6) the indoor triatomines frequently feed on humans (range 38.5-56.2%). However, the collection was twice as abundant in the first village and the peridomicile infestation, evaluated by the active collection, reached up to 60% and only 4.9% in the other village. Furthermore, females predominated in the first village, whereas males in the other. The current results allow discussing the course of action to prevent Chagas disease in this region.

[Knowledge about HIV/AIDS in young people from indigenous migrant day laborer families in Colima and Nayarit]. / Conocimientos sobre el VIH/sida en jóvenes de familias jornaleras migrantes indígenas en Colima y Nayarit.

Objective: to explore the pattern of knowledge about HIV/AIDS among young native migrant farm workers. Methods: analytical crosscut study. Sample: 135 young people selected by propositive sampling. A questionnaire about knowledge of HIV/AIDS and socio-demographics was applied. A descriptive analysis was made and a knowledge pattern was estimated by means of factorial analysis. Results: average age 19.9 ± 5.8, men 54.8 %, bilingual 79.4 %, elementary or no education, 78.7 %, single 60.4 %, Catholic 67.6 %, two or more work trips 61.8 %; 80.7 % had heard about HIV/AIDS, especially from informal information sources (72 %). Knowledge pattern was homogenous (greater consensus in Nayarit than in Colima: 6.2 versus 3.8) and directed towards building risk identities based on personage (prostitutes 88.1%, men having sex with other men 45 %) and urban setting (78 %). It includes uncertainty about the effectiveness of condoms, the mosquito as a vector, and dentists as transmitters. The pattern showed significant differences according to sex, education and migrant experience. Conclusions: the knowledge of young people does not favor safe sex practices, and the low risk perception could favor their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS.

Objetivo: explorar el patrón de conocimientos sobre VIH/sida en jóvenes indígenas jornaleros migrantes. Métodos: : estudio transversal analítico de 135 jóvenes seleccionados por muestreo propositivo. Se aplicó cuestionario sociodemográfico y de conocimientos de VIH/sida. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y se estimó un patrón de conocimientos mediante análisis factorial. Resultados: : edad 19.9 ± 5.8 años, hombres 54.8 %, bilingües 79.4 %, escolaridad primaria o ninguna 78.7 %, solteros 60.4 %, católicos 67.6 %, dos o más viajes laborales 61.8 %. El 80.7 % escuchó hablar de VIH/sida. El patrón de conocimientos fue homogéneo (consenso mayor en Nayarit que en Colima: 6.2 versus 3.8) y orientado a construir identidades de riesgo basadas en personajes (trabajadoras sexuales 88.1 %, hombres que tienen sexo con hombres 45 %) y contexto urbano (78 %). Incluye incertidumbre sobre la eficacia del condón al mosquito como vector (45 %) y a los dentistas como transmisores. Patrón con diferencias significativas por sexo, escolaridad y experiencia migratoria. Conclusiones: el conocimiento de los jóvenes desfavorece el uso de protección y una baja percepción del riesgo, que podrían propiciar la vulnerabilidad al riesgo de transmisión del VIH/sida.