Management of odonto-stomatological emergencies during the COVID-19 alarm state in dental clinics in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (CAM), Spain: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Odontology practice has been severely compromised by the pandemic caused by COVID-19 and Spain is one of the countries with higher incidence. Our aim with this study is to find out the number of cases and type of odonto-stomatological emergencies (OSE) treated in four dental clinics of the Madrid capital area and region (CAM) in the period covered between March 17th and 4th of May. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We search the cases in the demographic/epidemiological databases of the CAM regional government and the Illustrious Official College of Dentists and Stomatologists of the First Region (Madrid). RESULTS: We found that the most prevalent pathology was acute apical periodontitis whereas odontogenic abscess showed the lowest frequency. Prosthetic-orthodontic OSE represented 14% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: In this period of time, the most prevalent pathology acute apical periodontitis, odontogenic abscess reported the lowest frequency and prosthetic-orthodontic treatments were the third in number of cases. Most of OSE were resolved, without referring the patient to a hospital emergency department.

The impact of dental appearance and anxiety on self-esteem in adult orthodontic patients.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the relationship between different dimensions of dental appearance impact and self-esteem in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, with special attention to the possible mediating role of anxiety. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION: A quasi-experimental design was used with a matched control group (without orthodontic treatment). In each group (experimental and control), there were 85 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The impact of dental appearance was measured using the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). State anxiety was assessed with the State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) and self-esteem with Rosenberg's self-esteem scale. RESULTS: In both groups (experimental and control), self-esteem correlates negatively, ranging between 0.26 and 0.43, with all dimensions of dental appearance impact (except for the positive dental self-confidence dimension, where all correlations were positive). Anxiety correlates positively, ranges between 0.35 and 0.44, with social impact, psychological impact and aesthetic concern, although it maintains no significant correlations with dental self-confidence. Nevertheless, in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, anxiety plays a mediating role between dental impact dimensions and self-esteem, whilst for the control group anxiety only plays a mediator role between psychological impact and self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Anxiety plays a fundamental role in the effect of perceived dental impact on self-esteem in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. These results have important practical implications for the design of bio-psycho-social intervention programs that contemplate cognitive-affective variables as an essential part of orthodontic treatment in adults.

Management of oral lesions in Lesch-Nyham syndrome.

Lesh-Nyhan Syndrome is a hereditary disorder that affects the way in which the body handles the production and breakdown of purines. One of its main characteristic is self-mutilation. We present a new appliance which allows healing to occur.

Mouth ulcers: a deadly disease for children from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries.

INTRODUCTION: Two processes of vastly different clinical characteristics-what we know today as "Aphthous Stomatitis" and "noma"-occupied the minds of dentists and doctors from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. The aim of this article was to look at their knowledge-concerning the differential diagnosis and treatment of these two processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Publications of the Spanish physicians and dentists from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries are reviewed and analysed. RESULTS: The great difference as to how both evolved and about their-consequences led to serious efforts being made to establish a-differential diagnosis and their respective aetiology and treatment. CONCLUSION: While the first goal can be clearly said to have been achieved, practitioners only had the resources offered by authors of antiquity and the Middle Ages to explain the aetiology and apply therapeutic treatment, since microbial theories of disease were not developed until the end of the nineteenth century and antibiotic treatment had to wait until the twentieth century.

Síndrome del mentón entumecido. A propósito de un caso / The Numb Chin syndrome: a clinical case

El Síndrome del mentón entumecido o neuralgia mandibula maligna es un cuadro poco conocido por el odontólogo general pero con el que están bastante familiarizados los especialistas en Oncología. El paciente afecto presenta, dentro de un cuadro oncológico, un entumecimiento uni o bilateral de las áreas inervadas por los nervios mentonianos, sin relación, en muchos casos, con una tumoración a ese nivel. Presentamos un caso de un varón de 82 años que padecía, en noviembre de 2005, un cuadro febril leve y anestesia en el territorio inervado por el mentoniano derecho y un molar 46 con tratamiento de conductos obturados años atrás. Tras múltiples estudios, resultó padecer un cáncer pulmonar con diseminación ósea en el que, hasta su fallecimiento (mayo- 2008) no se puedo constatar masa tumoral en el territorio mandibular. Por otro lado, el tratamiento de los cánceres metastáticos o primitivamente óseos con bisfosfonatos I. V que pueden provocar osteonecrosis, aún pueden confundir más a la hora de llegar a un correcto diagnóstico del dolor o entumecimiento maxilar (AU)

The Numb Chin Syndrome o Malignat mentoniana neuropathy is a disease quite unknown by the general dentist but familiar to specialist in oncology. The patients present a uni-or-bilateral numbness of the areas innervated by the mentonian nerves, symptom which is not usually related with tumors in this area. We report a case of a man who suffered since he was 82 years old, in November of 2005, a mild fever and anesthesia in the area innervated by the right mentonian nerve. He also presented an endodontic treatment of the first lower right molar. After multiple studies the patient was diagnosed from a lung cancer which had spread to the bones, in which, until his death in May of 2008 we did not observe a tumor in the jaw area. On the other hand, the treatment of metastatic cancers with bisphosphonates I. V. can cause osteonecrosis, which can make difficult a correct diagnosis of jaw pain or numbness. In the case we find a combined presence of osteonecrosis for this reason and pain and numbness of the same area (AU)

Tratamiento quirúrgico ortodóncico de la hiperplasia condílea: a propósito de un caso / Surgical-orthodontic treatment of condylar hyperplasia: a case report

Se presenta el tratamiento de un paciente con hiperplasia condílea en el que el cóndilo presentaba crecimiento activo. Se realizó un tratamiento combinado de cirugía y ortodoncia y se planificó la cirugía en 2 fases

The treatment of a patient with condylar hyperplasia is presented. The condyle was actively growing. A surgical-orthodontic treatment was performed planning surgery in two phases

Open bite due to lip sucking: a case report.

Lip sucking, in spite of being less frequent than other habits, can cause malocclusion, which in turn may favor the appearance of other new habits such as tongue thrust. The elimination of this habit can lead to the spontaneous correction of malocclusion. The case report of a three-year-old male with a lip sucking habit is presented. After eliminating the habit, the open bite that it had caused, corrected spontaneously.

Treatment of Class III orthodontic cases in childhood: case report.

Two Class III cases are described which are treated first during childhood with orthopedics and later by a second stage with orthodontics using bonded braces. One case was treated solely with a chin cup and the other with a chin cup, disjunction and anterior traction. Profile and occlusion changes are analyzed and the orthopedic effect of the treatment is discussed.

[Odontopaediatrics in Francisco Martínez's work]. / La odontopediatría en la obra de Francisco Martínez.

In 1557 Francisco Martinez published the first Spanish treatise on odontology under the title "A brief conversation on matters of dentistry and the marvelous natural workmanship of the mouth". This is the first text in the Spanish medical literature ever to have contained recommendations concerning the care and attention to be given to the mouth of children. The present article analyzes the ideas on dental anatomy, extractions, as well as on preventive and preservative odontology for children, that are expounded in Martinez's text.