RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis are the most important allergenic mites in Cuba. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of polysensitization and correlation of the skin prick test (SPT) reaction size to these mites in asthmatic patients. METHODS: A total of 232 adult patients with asthmatic symptoms caused by house dust and positive SPT to at least one mite were included. Standardized allergenic extracts were used in SPT. RESULTS: A total of 88.4% of patients were positive to D. siboney, 87.1% to D. pteronyssinus, and 68.1% to B. tropicalis. Sensitization to Dermatophagoides species was predominant, demonstrated by the fact that 31.9% of patients showed positive SPT to either D. siboney or D. pteronyssinus only, whereas only 5.6% was sensitized solely to B. tropicalis. Nevertheless, most patients (58.6%) were polysensitized to the 3 species. The mean wheal size produced by the different allergens in positive patients was similar (n.s. p > 0.05). Reaction size was strongly correlated (r = 0.71, p = 5.3 x 10-09) between D. siboney and D. pteronyssinus, whereas no significant correlation was found between D. pteronyssinus or D. siboney and B. tropicalis. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support the need to include the 3 allergens in diagnostic panels and for combined allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Assuntos
Alérgenos , Asma/etiologia , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus/imunologia , Pyroglyphidae/imunologia , Sarcoptidae/imunologia , Testes Cutâneos , Adulto , Alérgenos/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos de Dermatophagoides/imunologia , Asma/epidemiologia , Asma/imunologia , Estudos Transversais , Cuba/epidemiologia , Poeira , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Background: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis are the most important allergenic mites in Cuba. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of polysensitization and correlation of the skin prick test (SPT) reaction size to these mites in asthmatic patients. Methods: A total of 232 adult patients with asthmatic symptoms caused by house dust and positive SPT to at least one mite were included. Standardized allergenic extracts were used in SPT. Results: A total of 88.4 % of patients were positive to D. siboney, 87.1 % to D. pteronyssinus, and 68.1 % to B. tropicalis. Sensitization to Dermatophagoides species was predominant, demonstrated by the fact that 31.9 % of patients showed positive SPT to either D. siboney or D. pteronyssinus only, whereas only 5.6 % was sensitized solely to B. tropicalis. Nevertheless, most patients (58.6 %) were polysensitized to the 3 species. The mean wheal size produced by the different allergens in positive patients was similar (n.s. p > 0.05). Reaction size was strongly correlated (r = 0.71, p = 5.3 x 10 09) between D. siboney and D. pteronyssinus, whereas no significant correlation was found between D. pteronyssinus or D. siboney and B. tropicalis. Conclusions: The results of this study support the need to include the 3 allergens in diagnostic panels and for combined allergen-specific immunotherapy
Antecedentes: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus), Dermatophagoides siboney (D. siboney) y Blomia tropicalis (B. tropicalis) son los ácaros domésticos más frecuentes en Cuba. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar la correlación entre la prueba cutánea por punción para D. pteronyssinus, D. siboney y B. tropicales. Métodos y resultados: Se incluyó a 232 asmáticos mayores de 15 años (mujeres: 62% y hombres: 38%), con alergia al polvo doméstico. Los pacientes incluidos provenían de la consulta de alergología en un período de 3 meses. Las pruebas cutáneas por punción se realizaron con extractos alergénicos de D. pteronyssinus, D. siboney y B. tropicales. La mediana de la reacción cutánea a D. siboney fue de 23,8 mm², superior a la registrada para los otros ácaros, aunque la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (p > 0,05). El coeficiente de correlación para la respuesta cutánea entre D. pteronyssinus y D. siboney fue 0,71 (p = 5,3 x 10-09); mientras que entre los Dermatophagoides y B. tropicales fue 0,05). Conclusiones: Se demostró que hay una alta correlación entre la prueba cutánea por punción para D. pteronyssinus y D. siboney; pero no ocurre así con B. tropicales. Por lo tanto, sería recomendable la realización de las pruebas cutáneas por punción con los tres extractos simultáneamente
