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1.
Musculoskelet Sci Pract ; 47: 102147, 2020 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32452393

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Lateral elbow tendinopathy is associated with pain during gripping, with forearm/wrist orthoses prescribed for treatment. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the immediate effects of forearm and/or wrist orthoses on outcome measures of pain and function in individuals with lateral elbow tendinopathy. DESIGN: Systematic review METHODS: Four electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials reporting the immediate effects of forearm and/or wrist orthoses on pain and function in individuals with lateral elbow tendinopathy. The quality of evidence was rated from high to very low, using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) for the primary outcomes. Where possible, standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare post measures between forearm and/or wrist orthoses and control/placebo conditions. RESULTS: The search revealed 1965 studies, of which, seven randomised crossover trials were included. Using the GRADE approach there was low quality evidence revealing a significant decrease in pain during contraction (SMD range -0.65 to -0.83) with forearm orthoses compared to a control/placebo condition. Low quality evidence revealed improvements in pain-free grip strength with the use of a forearm orthosis (SMD range 0.24-0.38), but not maximal grip strength (SMD range 0.14-0.15). Low quality evidence revealed a static wrist orthosis did not improve pain-free grip strength (SMD -0.08) or maximal grip strength (SMD -0.22). CONCLUSION: There is low quality evidence that forearm orthoses can immediately reduce pain during contraction and improve pain-free grip strength but not maximal grip strength in individuals with lateral elbow tendinopathy.


Assuntos
Tendinopatia do Cotovelo/fisiopatologia , Tendinopatia do Cotovelo/terapia , Antebraço/fisiopatologia , Aparelhos Ortopédicos , Manejo da Dor/instrumentação , Articulação do Punho/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Estudos Cross-Over , Tendinopatia do Cotovelo/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Environ Microbiome ; 15(1): 2, 2020 Jan 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33902723

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Currently, much is unknown about the taxonomic diversity and the mechanisms of methane metabolism in the Florida Everglades ecosystem. The Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge is a section of the Florida Everglades that is almost entirely unstudied in regard to taxonomic profiling. This short report analyzes the metagenome of soil samples from this Refuge to investigate the predominant taxa, as well as the abundance of genes involved in environmentally significant metabolic pathways related to methane production (nitrogen fixation and dissimilatory sulfite reduction). METHODS: Shotgun metagenomic sequencing using the Illumina platform was performed on 17 soil samples from four different sites within the Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, and underwent quality control, assembly, and annotation. The soil from each sample was tested for water content and concentrations of organic carbon and nitrogen. RESULTS: The three most common phyla of bacteria for every site were Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria; however, there was variation in relative phylum composition. The most common phylum of Archaea was Euryarchaeota for all sites. Alpha and beta diversity analyses indicated significant congruity in taxonomic diversity in most samples from Sites 1, 3, and 4 and negligible congruity between Site 2 and the other sites. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing revealed the presence of biogeochemical biomarkers of particular interest (e.g., mrcA, nifH, and dsrB) within the samples. The normalized abundances of mcrA, nifH, and dsrB exhibited a positive correlation with nitrogen concentration and water content, and a negative correlation with organic carbon concentration. CONCLUSION: This Everglades soil metagenomic study allowed examination of wetlands biological processes and showed expected correlations between measured organic constituents and prokaryotic gene frequency. Additionally, the taxonomic profile generated gives a basis for the diversity of prokaryotic microbial life throughout the Everglades.

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