Validación en español del Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction en los cursos superiores de educación primaria (QTI-P) y cómo esta interacción influye en el rendimiento académico / Spanish validation of the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction in the upper grades of primary education (QTI-P) and how this interaction in-fluences academic performance

The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI, Wubbels et al., 1985) se basa en el Modelo Interpersonal de la Conducta del Profesor (MITB, en inglés) y mide las interacciones del maestro con el alumnado percibidas por éstos. Goh y Fraser (1998) adaptaron el QTI para su uso en los cursos superiores de la educación primaria (QTI-P). Los objetivos del estudio son (a) validar al castellano el QTI-P y (b) analizar la influencia de estas interacciones en el rendimiento académico del alumno. Se administró el QTI-P a 397 alumnos de 4º y 6º curso de cuatro colegios públicos seleccionados de forma incidental. Las 8 escalas del QTI-P se ordenan de forma circular alrededor de dos ejes o dimensiones independientes: Control y Affiliation. Como medida de rendimiento académico se usaron las calificaciones de final de curso en cuatro asignaturas. Para comprobar los objetivos se emplearon modelos de ecuaciones estructurales multinivel. La fiabilidad y la correlación intraclase de escalas y dimensiones son buenas. Se confirma la estructura factorial, circular y multinivel propuesta por el MITB. También se comprueba el efecto del ambiente social del aula tanto en la puntuación de cada niño en cada escala del QTI-P como en sus calificaciones escolares. El QTI-P es un instrumento adecuado para medir el ambiente social del aula y para pronosticar el rendimiento académico de cada niño

The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI, Wubbels et al., 1985) is based on the Model for Interpersonal Teacher Behaviour (MITB) and measures teacher-student interactions as perceived by students. Goh and Fraser (1998) adapted the QTI for use in the upper grades of primary education (QTI-P). The objectives of this work are (a) to validate the Span-ish version of the QTI-P, and (b) to analyse the influence of these interac-tions on students’ academic performance. The QTI-P was administered to 397 fourth and sixth grade students at four incidentally selected public schools. The eight scales of the QTI-P are arranged in a circular structure around two independent axes or dimensions: Control and Affiliation. End-of-year grades in four subjects were used as a measure of academic per-formance. Multilevel structural equation models were used to assess the objectives. We found suitable reliability and intraclass correlation of scales and dimensions. The factorial, circular and multilevel structure proposed by the MITB was validated. The effect of the classroom social environment on each child’s score in each QTI-P scale and on their school grades was also verified. The QTI-P is a valid instrument to measure the social envi-ronment of the classroom and to predict the academic performance of each child

Vasculitis tras la monitorización de presión arterial / Vasculitis after blood pressure monitoring

Fundamento. Descripción de aparición de una equimosis en brazo simultáneamente con vasculitis de origen leucocitoclástica, propuesta de usos alternativos a la toma de presión arterial, y el estudio de efectos secundarios a dicha medida. Paciente. Varón de 80 años acude a urgencias con disnea, insuficiencia cardíaca, insuficiencia renal prediálisis con hiperpotasemia e inestabilidad hemodinámica. Durante su estancia desarrolló una lesión cutánea con aspecto de púrpura palpable, desde el límite inferior del manguito de presión arterial hasta la zona distal de la mano y que no desaparecía a la vitropresión, y prurito. Durante su ingreso, la lesión del brazo se extendió a todos los miembros, tanto superiores como inferiores. Resultados. El estudio de la lesión concluyó con diagnóstico de vasculitis leucocitoclástica por presencia de eosinófilos, lo que sugiere probable etiología medicamentosa a la toma de antibiótico desde 7 días antes de la entrada a urgencias. Discusión. Se plantea la necesidad de monitorización seriada de la presión arterial y la duración de dicha monitorización en pacientes inestables frente a los efectos secundarios de esta técnica. También el estudio de otras utilidades de la toma de presión arterial (AU)

Introduction. Description of appearance of ecchymosis on an arm, simultaneously with a classical Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis, the proposal of alternative utilities of measuring blood pressure, and the study of side effects to that measure. Patient. Case 80-year-old male came to ER with dyspnea, heart failure, predialysis renal failure with hyperkalemia and hemodynamic instability. During his stay he developed a skin lesion that looks like palpable purpura, from the lower limit of the blood pressure cuff to the distal area of the hand that not disappeared with vitropression, and pruritus. During admission the arm injury was extended to all members, both upper and lower. Results. The study concluded with diagnosis of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis given the presence of eosinophils, that which suggested probable drug etiology to an antibiotic that had been taken since seven days prior to admission to ER. Discusion. The need for serial monitoring of blood pressure, and the duration of such monitoring in unstable patients considering the side effects of those techniques was questioned. In addition, the study of other utilities of measuring blood pressure (AU)

Vasculitis after blood pressure monitoring. / Vasculitis tras la monitorización de presión arterial.

INTRODUCTION: Description of appearance of ecchymosis on an arm, simultaneously with a classical Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis, the proposal of alternative utilities of measuring blood pressure, and the study of side effects to that measure. PATIENT: Case 80-year-old male came to ER with dyspnea, heart failure, predialysis renal failure with hyperkalemia and hemodynamic instability. During his stay he developed a skin lesion that looks like palpable purpura, from the lower limit of the blood pressure cuff to the distal area of the hand that not disappeared with vitropression, and pruritus. During admission the arm injury was extended to all members, both upper and lower. RESULTS: The study concluded with diagnosis of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis given the presence of eosinophils, that which suggested probable drug etiology to an antibiotic that had been taken since seven days prior to admission to ER. DISCUSION: The need for serial monitoring of blood pressure, and the duration of such monitoring in unstable patients considering the side effects of those techniques was questioned. In addition, the study of other utilities of measuring blood pressure.

[An aligned rank test for a nonparametric analysis of the two-way interaction]. / Análisis no paramétrico de la interacción de dos factores mediante el contraste de rangos alineados.

An aligned rank test for a nonparametric analysis of the two way interaction. Research problems that require nonparametric analysis of the interaction frequently arise in the behavioral sciences. There is, however, a lack of available procedures in commonly used statistical packages such as SAS or SPSS. The purpose of the present study is to review the fundamentals of the aligned rank test for two widely used two-way research designs in psychology. The procedure has shown good properties in nonnormal distributions in terms of Type I Error control and statistical power. It is easily conducted using common statistical packages. It is applied to two case studies which result in gender differences in linguistic abilities in blind children not revealed by other procedures. Limitations of the aligned rank test have been observed in situations of covariance heterogeneity across groups, and also with sample sizes smaller than ten participants per condition. Its adequate use after model diagnostics can, however, increase sensitivity to detect behavioral effects of theoretical or practical interest.

Calidad de servicio en supermercados: una propuesta de medición / Quality service in supermarkets: a proposal of measurement

El presente trabajo estudia la percepción de la calidad de servicio en los supermercados. La investigación establece los criterios utilizados a la hora de valorar los servicios prestados y elabora un instrumento para medir la calidad de servicio en este contexto. A partir de la revisión de la literatura se ha creado una escala compuesta por 13 ítems y cuatro factores teóricos (precios, producto, servicio e imagen y producto fresco). Para comprobar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento llevamos a cabo una encuesta telefónica asistida por ordenador (CATI) con una muestra de 300 entrevistas. Los resultados nos permiten presentar una escala con una estructura factorial de cuatro dimensiones, con unos índices de fiabilidad y validez óptimos. Al mismo tiempo, concluimos que la variable valoración global del establecimiento es una variable importante en la estructura perceptiva de los consumidores

This assignment has the aim of going deeply into the study of service quality perception in supermarkets. The research tries to find the criterion used when rating the services received in a supermarket and also to elaborate an instrument to measure the service quality in this context. From the review of the existing bibliography, four theoretical factors and a thirteen items scale have been composed. These four factors are: price, product, service and image and fresh product. In order to check the psychometrical properties of the questionnaire we carried out a computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) with a sample of 300 interviews. The results obtained allow us to show a scale with a factorial structure of 4 dimensions that throws up optimal indexes of reliability and validity. At the same time we conclude that the variable called establishment global rate is an important variable in the perceptive structure of the consumers

[Quality service in supermarkets: a proposal of measurement]. / Calidad de servicio en supermercados: una propuesta de medición.

This assignment has the aim of going deeply into the study of service quality perception in supermarkets. The research tries to find the criterion used when rating the services received in a supermarket and also to elaborate an instrument to measure the service quality in this context. From the review of the existing bibliography, four theoretical factors and a thirteen items scale have been composed. These four factors are: price, product, service and image and fresh product. In order to check the psychometrical properties of the questionnaire we carried out a computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) with a sample of 300 interviews. The results obtained allow us to show a scale with a factorial structure of 4 dimensions that throws up optimal indexes of reliability and validity. At the same time we conclude that the variable called establishment global rate is an important variable in the perceptive structure of the consumers.

Percepción del proceso de enseñanza / aprendizaje desarrollado en Psicoestadística I y su incidencia en el rendimiento / Student perception of the teaching / learning process of an introductory statistics course and its influence on achievement

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la influencia de variables instruccionales de proceso en el rendimiento escolar del estudiante de psicología en la asignatura de Psicoestadística I. Las variables instruccionales consideradas proceden del Modelo Instruccional de Situación Educativa (MISS) que las organiza y estructura en cinco Principios: Intencionalidad, Diseño de instrucción, Interacciones personales, Control y Evaluación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran diferencias significativas entre las percepciones del proceso de enseñanza / aprendizaje que se formaron los estudiantes de alto rendimiento y las que se formaron los estudiantes de bajo rendimiento. Por otra parte, se ha comprobado el importante peso que tienen algunas variables instruccionales de proceso como expectativas, dedicación al estudio y diferencias individuales de afrontamiento, en la explicación del rendimiento académico (AU)

The objective of this paper is to study the influence of instructional variables on student achievement of an introductory behavioral statistics course. The variables considered came from the Instructional Model of Educational Setting (MISE). According to this Model, the variables involved in the Teaching/Learning process in an educational setting are structured by five Principles: Intentionality, Instructional Design, Personal Interactions, Knowledge Acquisition, Testing and Evaluation. Results showed significant differences in the perceptions developed by high achievement students and those developed by low achievement students. Furthermore, it was found that instructional variables such as expectations, learning dedication time and individual differences have an influence on student achievement (AU)