RESUMO
Atypical hyperplasia (AH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) are markers for an increased risk of breast cancer, yet outcomes for these diagnoses are not well-documented. In this study, all breast biopsies performed for radiologic abnormalities over a 10-year period were reviewed. Patients with AH or LCIS were followed for an additional 10 years to assess subsequent rates of cancer diagnosis. Long-term follow-up showed that 25 (7.8%) patients with AH and 5 patients with LCIS (5.7%) developed breast cancer over the follow-up period, a lower rate of breast cancer development than predicted by risk models.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Mama in situ , Neoplasias da Mama , Carcinoma in Situ , Carcinoma Lobular , Mama/patologia , Carcinoma de Mama in situ/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma in Situ/patologia , Carcinoma Lobular/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Lobular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Lobular/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/patologia , Estudos LongitudinaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The authors investigated whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) velocity was associated significantly with the time to death after randomization among patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate carcinoma (HRMPC) who were treated with cytotoxic, cytotatic, or combination therapy. METHODS: The study cohort included 213 men with HRMPC who were treated on 3 prospective, randomized Phase II studies between February 1996 and October 2001. Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate whether there was a significant association between PSA velocity and the time to death after randomization, controlling for treatment and known prognostic factors. RESULTS: Increasing PSA velocity was associated significantly with shorter survival after randomization (P = 0.005) controlling for treatment and known prognostic factors. The adjusted hazard ratio for death was 1.8 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.3-2.5; P = 0.0004) for men who had a PSA velocity > 0.0 ng/mL per month compared with men who had a PSA velocity < or = 0.0 ng/mL per month. Estimates of survival 2 years after randomization for these men were 16% (95% CI, 7-25%) and 44% (95% CI, 35-53%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PSA velocity was associated significantly with the length of survival among men with HRMPC who received cytotoxic, cytostatic, or combination therapy.