[Sugar in the pathogenesis of dental caries]. / Sakhar v patogeneze kariesa zubov.

While the complex and versatile nature of the cariogenic effect of refined sugars in the mouth cavity is recognized, it is nevertheless believed that it is mostly due to altered metabolism in dental hard tissues in the presence of changed pancreatic insular apparatus. Caries goes through several stages in its development: phosphate metabolism disorders in dental tissue; calcium metabolism disorder; abnormal glycemia; declining ascorbic acid level and activation of the insular apparatus followed by its exhaustion. It is demonstrated, both experimentally and clinically, that caries-inducing factors are particularly dangerous in childhood when carbohydrate metabolism is disturbed, especially if due to the exposure to refined sugars. The effect of sugars on dental pulp, with a resulting decrease of its trophic influence on the teeth is believed to be very important. Sugar effects on the teeth is not a purely stomatologic problem; rather, it is of interest to other medical professions as well and has a national significance.

[Vasoactive hormones and mediators in the mechanism of the development of an aphthous process in the oral mucosa]. / Vazoaktivnye gormony i mediatory v mekhanizmakh razvitiia aftoznogo protsessa na slizistoi obolochke polosti rta.

Experiments on dogs were made to simulate aphthous process on the oral mucosa by occlusion of the common bile duct. The content of adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin, histamine and ascorbic acid was measured during the development of pathological process in the areas of oral mucosa tissue characterized by most frequent appearance of aphthas and in the tissue of the duodenal, small and large intestine mucosa. The magnitude of the characteristics indicated was determined 2, 6 and 12 h and 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after operation. Aphthas appeared on the 3d day. Within the first hours of the experiment there was a considerable increase in the content of noradrenaline, adrenaline and serotonin in the oral mucosa accompanied by a reduction in the histamine and ascorbic acid content. In the intestinal mucosa, shifts in the correlations between the hormones and transmitters were less pronounced. During aphthas appearance, the histamine content rose whereas other parameters decreased. The period of the reverse development was characterized by the recovery of the correlations of the hormones under study and transmitters.

Theoretical motivations of fluorine incorporation into the complex therapy of parodontosis.

The results of experiments on dogs with periodontal disease have proved the following: 1. Mobility of calcium in the jaws and skeleton occurs in periodontal disease. 2. The body of the mandible plays a particular role in the compensatory mineralization of the alveolar process. 3. There is a discernible increase in fluorine content in pathologically affected zones of jaw bones. 4. Small doses of fluorine are able to increase calcium deposition in jaw bones. Clinical proof has been obtained of the beneficial influence of fluorine in the complex treatment of periodontal disease, which is manifest in the retention of calcium and fluorine in the organism. The ability of fluorine to substitute for calcium in resorption of the alveolar margin and to stimulate calcium deposition in jaw bones provides theoretical support for the recommendation to incorporate small doses of fluorine into the complex therapy of periodontal disease.