Positive Neuroprotective Effect of Argon Inhalation after Photochemically Induced Ischemic Stroke Model in Rats.

We studied the effect of 2-h inhalation of argon-oxygen mixture (Ar 70%/O2 30%) after photochemically induced stroke and on days 2 and 3 after stroke modeling on the severity of neurological deficit and brain damage (by MRI data) in Wistar rats. Neurological deficit was assessed within 14 days using the limb placement test. MRI and histological study of the brain with an assessment of the size of damage were performed on day 14 after ischemia. Significant differences were obtained in limb placement scores on days 3, 7, and 14, as well as in the volume of ischemic focus by MRI in comparison with the control (ischemia+N2 70%/O2 30%). Inhalation of argon-oxygen mixture for 2 h a day over 3 days after photoinduced stroke decreased the volume of brain damage by 2 times and reduced the severity of neurological deficit.

[Multivariable analysis of the associations between transversal maxilla size and upper airway volume]. / Izuchenie svyazi transverzal'nogo razmera verkhnei chelyusti i ob"ema verkhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between the size of the upper jaw and the volume of the upper respiratory tract in adult patients, both in the form of continuous indicators and in the form of categorical variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography images of all patients (n=365) aged 18-60 years who attended one of the dental clinics in Arkhangelsk (Northwest Russia) from October 2019 through November 2020 comprised the study base. Maxilla size and upper airway volume were assessed using Ez3D-I software. Bivariate analysis of categorical variables was performed using Pearson's chi-squared tests. Continuous variables were compared using unpaired Student's t-test. Independent associations between maxilla size and upper airway volume were assessed by multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS: No associations between maxilla size and upper airway volume were observed in bivariate analysis. Adjustment for potential confounders in multivariable analysis has not changed the initial results on no associations between the studied variables with 95% confidence level. CONCLUSION: In contrast with the results of many previous studies, our findings suggest no association between transversal maxilla size and upper airway volume. Patients with reduced maxilla size are equally likely to have normal and reduced upper airway volume. Further research on larger samples is needed to corroborate our findings.

[Dimensions of the upper airways and its impact on the dentoalveolar system development]. / Sostoyanie verkhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei i ego vliyanie na razvitie zubochelyustnoi sistemy.

Due to the high mobility and variability of bone structures and soft tissues surrounding the upper respiratory tract, the exact boundaries for measuring and normalizing the size of the respiratory tract have not yet been determined. Studies have determined the relationship between the narrowing of the upper jaw and a decrease in the transverse dimensions of the airways, as well as a positive effect in changing the size of the airways after orthodontic treatment and/or orthognathic surgery. Nevertheless, the results of research in this area may differ greatly from different specialists, which indicates that the topic is poorly studied and it is necessary to continue and expand the range of scientific works to assess the state of the upper respiratory tract and their relationship with the orthodontic status.

[Determination of the fluorescence intensity of coenzymes NADH and FAD in the skeletal muscle of the rat depending on the post-mortem interval]. / Opredelenie intensivnosti fluorestsentsii kofermentov NADN i FAD v skeletnoi myshtse krysy v zavisimosti ot davnosti nastupleniia smerti.

Aim of the study is to identify patterns of variations of the fluorescence intensity of NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FAD (oxidized flavin adenine dinucleotide) in the skeletal muscle depending on the time since death. For the evaluation of fluorescence intensity of the studied coenzymes, laser-induced spectroscopy in situ was used. We revealed the dynamic of the fluorescence intensity of NADH and FAD in the skeletal muscle of a rat at different times during the post-mortem period, and theoretically justified the observed phenomena. The results obtained allow us to consider the studied indicators as a potential criterion for determining the post-mortem interval.