A new set of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness equations are associated with cognitive performance in older adults.

This study aimed to develop new equations to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness specifically for older adults and, secondly, to analyze the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, both objectively measured and estimated using new equations, with cognitive performance. Ninety-two older adults (41 females, 65-75 years) from baseline data of a randomized controlled trial were analyzed ("ClinicalTrials.gov" Identifier: NCT03923712). Participants completed 4 measurement sessions including (i) physiological and health indicators in a laboratory setting, (ii) field-based fitness tests, (iii) sociodemographic and physical activity questionnaires, and (iv) a battery of neuropsychological tests to evaluate cognitive performance. The main findings were as follows: (i) a set of new equations with good predictive value for estimated cardiorespiratory fitness were developed (74-87%), using different scenarios of complexity and/or equipment requirements, and (ii) higher estimated cardiorespiratory fitness, even using its simplest equation (eCRF = - 1261.99 + 1.97 × 6 min walking test (m) + 1.12 × bioimpedance basal metabolic rate (kcal/day) + 5.25 × basal heart rate (bpm)), was associated with better cognitive performance evaluated by several neuropsychological tests (i.e., language, cognitive flexibility, fluency, attention, and working memory), similar to using objectively measured cardiorespiratory fitness. In summary, a new set of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness equations have been developed with predictive values ranging from 74 to 87% that could be used based on necessity, availability of equipment, resources, or measurement context. Moreover, similar to objectively measured cardiorespiratory fitness, this measure of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness was positively associated with performance on language, fluency, cognitive flexibility, attention, and working memory, independently of sex, age, and education level.

Riesgo cardiovascular en los empleados de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México / Cardiovascular risk in employees of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Mexico

Introducción: La prevalencia de las Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT) se ha incrementado en los últimos años presentándose un gran número de padecimientos como lo son; la obesidad, diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares en las que están incluidas la aterosclerosis, isquemias miocárdiacas y cerebrales, hipertensión arterial y enfermedades cerebrovasculares. Objetivo: Evaluar el estado de salud integral del personal académico y administrativo en activo, de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, dentro del marco de las Campañas de Salud realizadas por el Sindicato de Trabajadores-UACH en Noviembre 2012. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 31 trabajadores de la UACH, se evaluaron variables de alimentación, parámetros bioquímicos (triglicéridos, colesterol total, LDL, HDL). Se determinó el índice aterogénico y el riesgo cardiovascular con la escala Framingham-Wilson. Resultados: La ingesta dietética media de colesterol diario fue de 579.1 mg en hombres y 363.4 mg en mujeres. La ingesta de fibra diaria fue de 9.7 g en hombres y 9.8 g en mujeres. Con respecto a la ingesta de grasas saturadas por día fue de 48.8 g (16.5% del VCT) en hombres y 36.3g (15.5% del VCT) en mujeres. El índice aterogénico en los hombres fue de 5.6±2.0 y 4.1±0.9 puntos en las mujeres.El riesgo cardiovascular según Framingham fue de 32.2% de los hombres presentó riesgo alto. Discusión y conclusiones: La prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad, así como las alteraciones de los lípidos sanguíneos, presentan el patrón clásico de la dislipidemia aterogénica, que implica un riesgo elevado en el desarrollo de cardiopatía isquémica. Los malos hábitos alimentarios (alta ingesta de colesterol, grasas saturadas y baja ingesta de fibra) contribuyen al desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (AU)

Introduction: The prevalence of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) has increased in recent years, presenting a large number of ailments such as; obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease in atherosclerosis, myocardial and cerebral ischemia, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases are included. Objective: To evaluate the overall health status of the academic and administrative staff active at the Autonomous University of Chihuahua, within the framework of the Health Campaigns conducted by the workers union-UACH, November 2012. Methods: Cross-sectional study in 31 workers UACH supply variables, biochemical (triglycerides, total cholestero LDL, HDL) they were evaluated parameters. Atherogenic index and cardiovascular risk with the Framingham-Wilson scale was determined. Results: The average daily dietary intake of cholesterol in men was 579.1 mg and 363.4 mg in women. Daily fiber intake was 9.7 g in men and 9.8 g in women. Saturated fat intake per day was 48.8 g (16.5% of the total caloric value) in men and 36.3 g (16.5% of the total caloric value) in women. The calculation of atherogenic index in men was 5.6 ± 2.0 and 4.1 ± 0.9 points in women. The calculation of cardiovascular risk according to Framingham 32.2% of men had a high risk. Discussion and Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight, obesity and alterations in blood lipids, have the classic pattern of atherogenic dyslipidemia, which involves a high risk to develop coronary heart disease. Poor eating habits (high intake of cholesterol, saturated fat and low fiber intake) contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases (AU)