Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in critical COVID-19 patients: Report of 2 cases.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an acute neurological disorder characterized by variable symptoms and radiological images characteristic of vasogenic parietal-occipital edema. It is associated with clinical conditions such as high blood pressure, infection/sepsis, or cytotoxic/immunosuppressive drugs, among others. It is characterized pathophysiologically by endothelial damage with breakdown of blood-brain barrier, cerebral hypoperfusion, and vasogenic edema. The cases are presented on 2 critical COVID-19 patients who were admitted to pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and who, after removing sedation, developed acute and reversible neurological symptoms consisting of epilepsy and encephalopathy, associated with hyperintense subcortical lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging compatible with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would activate an inflammatory response that would damage brain endothelium. It could be triggered by cytokine release, as well as by direct viral injury, given that endothelium expresses ACE2 receptors. It could explain the possible association between posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19.

Síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible en pacientes críticos COVID-19: reporte de 2 casos / Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in critical COVID-19 patients: Report of 2 cases

El síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible es un trastorno neurológico agudo caracterizado por una sintomatología variable e imágenes radiológicas características de edema vasogénico parietooccipital. Está asociado a condiciones clínicas como hipertensión arterial, infección/sepsis o fármacos citotóxicos/inmunosupresores, entre otros. Se caracteriza fisiopatológicamente por daño endotelial con rotura de la barrera hematoencefálica, hipoperfusión cerebral y edema vasogénico. Presentamos 2 casos de pacientes críticos COVID-19 que ingresaron por neumonía con necesidad de ventilación mecánica y que tras retirar la sedación desarrollaron clínica neurológica aguda y reversible consistente en epilepsia y encefalopatía, asociada a lesiones subcorticales hiperintensas en la resonancia magnética cerebral compatibles con síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible. El coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 activaría una respuesta inflamatoria que produciría daño en el endotelio cerebral. Este último podría ser desencadenado por la liberación de citocinas, así como por una lesión viral directa, dado que el endotelio expresa receptores ACE2. Esto podría explicar la posible asociación entre el síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible y la COVID-19.(AU)

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an acute neurological disorder characterized by variable symptoms and radiological images characteristic of vasogenic parietal-occipital edema. It is associated with clinical conditions such as high blood pressure, infection/sepsis, or cytotoxic/immunosuppressive drugs, among others. It is characterized pathophysiologically by endothelial damage with breakdown of blood-brain barrier, cerebral hypoperfusion, and vasogenic edema. The cases are presented on 2 critical COVID-19 patients who were admitted to pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and who, after removing sedation, developed acute and reversible neurological symptoms consisting of epilepsy and encephalopathy, associated with hyperintense subcortical lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging compatible with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would activate an inflammatory response that would damage brain endothelium. It could be triggered by cytokine release, as well as by direct viral injury, given that endothelium expresses ACE2 receptors. It could explain the possible association between posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19.(AU)

[Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in critical COVID-19 patients: Report of 2 cases]. / Síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible en pacientes críticos COVID-19: reporte de 2 casos.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is an acute neurological disorder characterized by variable symptoms and radiological images characteristic of vasogenic parietal-occipital edema. It is associated with clinical conditions such as high blood pressure, infection/sepsis, or cytotoxic/immunosuppressive drugs, among others. It is characterized pathophysiologically by endothelial damage with breakdown of blood-brain barrier, cerebral hypoperfusion, and vasogenic edema.The cases are presented on 2 critical COVID-19 patients who were admitted to pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and who, after removing sedation, developed acute and reversible neurological symptoms consisting of epilepsy and encephalopathy, associated with hyperintense subcortical lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging compatible with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus would activate an inflammatory response that would damage brain endothelium. It could be triggered by cytokine release, as well as by direct viral injury, given that endothelium expresses ACE2 receptors. It could explain the possible association between posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19.

Individual and social factors associated with active commuting to school in 4-6 years old Spanish children.

To examine the prevalence of active commuting to school (ACS) in 4 to 6 year old children and individual and social factors associated with it. Cross-sectional study including 1,159 children from Cuenca and Ciudad Real (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain). ACS, population area, and socioeconomic status (SES) were self-reported by parents. Body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were measured using standard procedures. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess the strength of association between the mode of commuting (ACS/no-ACS) and individual (weight status and CRF) and social (population area and SES) factors. Forty-six percent of the children ACS. The probability of ACS was greater in boys and girls from families of low/medium-low SES and in girls who lived in urban areas. ACS was not associated with weight status and CRF. Effective interventions need to be promoted, especially in children from families of high SES and those living in rural areas.

Satisfacción del alumnado de Enfermería en la promoción de la salud a través del aprendizaje-servicio / Satisfaction among Nursing Students with Health Promotion through Service-Learning

Objetivo: conocer el grado de satisfacción del alumnado de Enfermería y las dificultades encontradas con la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio en el desarrollo de la competencia de promoción de la salud, dentro de la asignatura de Salud Pública y Enfermería Comunitaria I. Método: el proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio fue llevado a cabo en tres fases: 1) formación del alumnado en conocimientos acerca de la Enfermería Comunitaria y Educación para la Salud; 2) contacto con las asociaciones cercanas a la universidad, y diseño de los talleres de salud y materiales que iban a ofrecer a las asociaciones (en grupos de 10 estudiantes); 3) implementación de los talleres por parte de alumnado. Se diseñó un cuestionario ad hoc para medir la satisfacción con el proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio. Para el análisis bivariante de la satisfacción con el sexo y la edad se utilizó la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney y el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: el alumnado tuvo un nivel de satisfacción muy alto (media: 8,07), con independencia del sexo y la edad. Se encontraron dificultades a la hora de poner en marcha esta metodología como la incompatibilidad de horarios entre el alumnado y las asociaciones, o la escasa asistencia de personas a las sesiones. Conclusiones: el desarrollo de actividades de aprendizaje-servicio para que el alumnado de Enfermería adquiera competencias en la promoción para la salud es una metodología con alto grado de satisfacción. No obstante, fueron encontradas barreras en su implementación como la dificultad en el cronograma entre alumnado y asociaciones

Objective: to understand the level of satisfaction among Nursing students and the difficulties found regarding the Service-Learning methodology in the development of Health Promotion skills, within the subject Public Health and Community Nursing I. Method: the Service-Learning Project was conducted in three stages: 1) training students in knowledge about Community Nursing and Health Education; 2) contact with those associations near the university, and design of Health Workshops and materials that would be offered to the associations (in 10-student groups); 3) implementation of workshops by the students. An ad hoc questionnaire was designed in order to measure the satisfaction with the Service-Learning project. The Mann-Whitney U Test and the Spearman Correlation Coefficient were used for the bivariate analysis of satisfaction with gender and age. Results: students had a very high satisfaction level (mean: 8.07), regardless of gender and age. Difficulties were found at the time of implementing this methodology, such as the incompatibility of schedules between students and the association, or the low attendance of people to the sessions. Conclusions: the development of Service-Learning activities for the Nursing students to acquire skills in Health Promotion is a methodology with a high level of satisfaction. However, barriers were found in its implementation, such as difficulties with the timetables of the students and the associations

Bevacizumab intravítreo, ¿está exento de efectos adversos extraoculares? / Intravitreal bevacizumab: Is it exempt from adverse extraocular effects?

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Strength and cardiometabolic risk in young adults: The mediator role of aerobic fitness and waist circumference.

The aim of this study was to analyze the mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference in the association between muscular strength and cardiometabolic risk. A cross-sectional study involved first-year college students (n = 370) from a Spanish public university was performed. We measured weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, biochemical variables, maximum handgrip strength assessment, and cardiorespiratory fitness. We calculated handgrip dynamometry/weight and a previously validated cardiometabolic risk index. Analysis of covariance models was conducted to test differences in cardiometabolic risk values across muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and waist circumference categories, controlling for confounders. Hayes' PROCESS macro was used for the multiple mediation analysis. The relationship between muscular strength and cardiometabolic risk did not remain significant (c' = 1.76 [1.4]; P > .05) in a multiple serial bootstrapped mediation model including cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference as mediators when controlling for age and sex. According to the indirect effect, the significant paths in the model mediating this relationship between muscular strength and cardiometabolic risk index were as follows: muscular strength → waist circumference → cardiometabolic risk index (-4.899; 95% CI: -6.690; -3.450) and muscular strength → cardiorespiratory fitness → waist circumference → cardiometabolic risk index (-0.720; 95% CI: -1.316; -0.360). Both cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference mediate the association between muscular strength and cardiometabolic risk in young adults. Thus, our results place cardiorespiratory fitness and waist circumference as the main targets of physical activity programmes aimed at preventing cardiometabolic diseases.

Pregnancy leisure physical activity and children's neurodevelopment: a narrative review.

In recent years, interest in the relation between maternal physical activity during pregnancy and children's neurocognitive development has been growing. Several observational studies and clinical trials have analysed this relation and they differ in the findings, especially for children's language-related skills and IQ. Physical activity assessment, amount of physical activity and the test used for measuring children's cognition could affect this relation, as well as other factors that should be considered. This article will review the evidence on the effects of physical activity during pregnancy on children's different cognitive domains. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Leisure physical during pregnancy positively affects offspring's general intelligence and language skills.

Reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-SP) in school-age children.

BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders in schoolchildren are a common problem worldwide, and when are not adequately diagnosed and treated, their negative impact on daytime functioning may be significant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). METHODS: Participants were 286 school-aged children from a community-based sample, aged 4 to 7 years. The sleep behaviour was evaluated using the CSHQ and actigraphy (ActiSleep monitor). The CSHQ was adapted to the Spanish language. The internal consistency of the questionnaire and the test-retest reliability between scores at baseline and three-weeks-later were estimated. Associations between CSHQ items and accelerometer sleep quality indicators were used as indicators of concurrent validity. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.81, and 0.81 for the full scale; the intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.56 to 0.81. A moderate correlation was observed in sleep latency and awakenings measurements using both parents' reported sleep habits (CSHQ-SP) and sleep quality indicators (ActiSleep). CONCLUSIONS: The CSHQ-SP has demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, and it serves as a useful instrument for clinical and research setting.

Effectiveness of physical activity interventions on preventing gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive maternal weight gain: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: It is commonly accepted that pregnancy-related physiological changes (circulatory, respiratory, and locomotor) negatively influence the daily physical activity of pregnant women. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for assessing the effectiveness of physical exercise interventions during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus and excessive maternal weight gain. SEARCH STRATEGY: Keywords were used to conduct a computerised search in six databases: Cochrane Library Plus, Science Direct, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov. SELECTION CRITERIA: Healthy pregnant women who were sedentary or had low levels of physical activity were selected for RCTs that included an exercise programme. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of the included studies. Of 4225 articles retrieved, 13 RCTs (2873 pregnant women) met the inclusion criteria. Pooled relative risk (RR) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) (depending on the outcome measure) were calculated using a random-effects model. MAIN RESULTS: Overall, physical exercise programmes during pregnancy decreased the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (RR = 0.69; P = 0.009), particularly when the exercise programme was performed throughout pregnancy (RR = 0.64; P = 0.038). Furthermore, decreases were also observed in maternal weight (WMD = -1.14 kg; 95% CI -1.50 to -0.78; P < 0.001). No serious adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: Structured moderate physical exercise programmes during pregnancy decrease the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and diminish maternal weight gain, and seem to be safe for the mother and the neonate; however, further studies are needed to establish recommendations.

The effects of physical exercise in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the evidence for the effectiveness of exercise interventions on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, anxiety and cognitive functions in children and adolescents. METHOD: Five databases covering the period up to November 2014 (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, EBSCO [E-journal, CINAHL, SportDiscus] and The Cochrane Library) were searched. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane tool of bias. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and the heterogeneity of the studies was estimated using Cochran's Q-statistic. RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials (n = 249) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The studies were grouped according to the intervention programme: aerobic and yoga exercise. The meta-analysis suggests that aerobic exercise had a moderate to large effect on core symptoms such as attention (SMD = 0.84), hyperactivity (SMD = 0.56) and impulsivity (SMD = 0.56) and related symptoms such as anxiety (SMD = 0.66), executive function (SMD = 0.58) and social disorders (SMD = 0.59) in children with ADHD. Yoga exercise suggests an improvement in the core symptoms of ADHD. CONCLUSIONS: The main cumulative evidence indicates that short-term aerobic exercise, based on several aerobic intervention formats, seems to be effective for mitigating symptoms such as attention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, anxiety, executive function and social disorders in children with ADHD.

Gender, health, and initiation of breastfeeding.

The aim of this study was to explore the associations of health, gender, and motherhood with the decisions about breastfeeding. The sample consisted of 265 pregnant women (mean age: 32.34, SD: 4.01 years) who were recruited in healthcare centers and hospitals in southeast Spain between 2010 and 2011. Mental health was measured by the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire and gender by the Conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory. Women in our sample showed a higher conformity to gender norms than women surveyed in the adaptation of the inventory to the Spanish population (t = 11.25, p < 0.001, effect estimate (Cohen's d) = 0.59). After adjustment for covariates, women who exclusively breastfed did not differ significantly in their conformity to gender norms from those who used partial breastfeeding or bottle feeding. Although good, our expectant mothers had worse mental health than the women aged 15-44 years in the Spanish National Health Survey (t = 2.96, p < 0.001, d = 0.26). Those who partially breastfed had significantly better mental health values. Gender norms were modulators in a model of factors related to initiation of breastfeeding. This study provides information about health and social construction of gender norms.

Construct validity and test-retest reliability of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) in Spanish children aged 9-12 years.

We aimed to examine (a) the construct validity and reliability of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) in children; and (b) the association of both self-reported and measured fitness with cardiometabolic risk. Cross-sectional study in 1145 Spanish children (9-12 years). We measured body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipids, insulin, and fitness level (reported and measured). A validated cardiometabolic syndrome index was used. An age- and sex-matched sample of 245 children originally not included in the study sample fulfilled IFIS twice for reliability purposes. IFIS was able to correctly classify children according to their measured fitness levels (analysis of covariance, adjusted for sex and age was used). Test-retest reliability of IFIS items was also good, i.e., average weighted Kappa = 0.70. Our data also suggest that both measured and reported cardiorespiratory, and speed and agility fitness were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, such as adiposity and a cardiometabolic syndrome risk score. The associations for muscular fitness (both reported and measured) differed depending on how it was expressed (i.e., absolute vs relative terms). Our findings suggest that self-reported fitness, as assessed by IFIS, is a valid, reliable, and health-related measure, and it can be a good alternative at population level when physical fitness cannot be measured.

Influencia del índice de masa corporal y la forma física de jóvenes universitarios en la capacidad de realizar compresiones torácicas externas de calidad sobre maniquí / Influence of body mass index and physical fitness on university students’ ability to perform high-quality external chest compressions on a mannequin

Objetivos: 1) Analizar las diferencias por sexo en el porcentaje medio de compresiones torácicas externas (CTE) correctas realizadas sobre maniquí por jóvenes universitarios durante 20 minutos por categorías de índice de masa corporal (IMC), capacidad cardiorrespiratoria (CCR) y fuerza muscular; 2) examinar la asociación del IMC y la forma física con la proporción de CTE correctas; y 3) establecer los puntos de corte óptimos de VO2max y fuerza muscular en brazos para realizar CTE correctas. Método: Estudio cuasi-experimental que incluyó 63 estudiantes universitarios. Se determinaron IMC, CCR y fuerza muscular manual. Tras formación previa, realizaron reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) en un maniquí durante 20 minutos. Resultados: Los porcentajes medios de CTE correctas y con profundidad adecuada fueron 77,8 (65,1-90,5) y 86,0 (71,7-94,3) en hombres y 41,2 (32,2-50,1) y 43,7 (24,6-52,9) en mujeres (p ≥ 0,001). Las diferencias por género desaparecieron controlando por edad, IMC, CCR y fuerza muscular. El porcentaje medio de CTE correctas fue significativamente mayor en participantes con normopeso/sobrepeso y CCR y fuerza muscular altas. El IMC, la CCR y la fuerza muscular fueron predictores de una adecuada profundidad de compresiones en los modelos de regresión lineal múltiple controlando por edad y sexo. En las curvas ROC, el área bajo la curva para predecir CTE correctas fue 0,862 para VO2 max y 0,872 para la fuerza muscular (puntos de corte de 44,45 ml/Kg/min y de 30,22 Kg respectivamente). Conclusiones: El género, las características antropométricas y la forma física influyen en la realización de CTE correctas. Ello sugiere que una adecuada forma física aumentará la capacidad de los reanimadores para realizar RCP

Objectives: 1) To compare the mean number of external chest compressions (ECCs) performed by male and female university students working on a mannequin for 20 minutes, analyzed according to body mass index (BMI), aerobic capacity, and muscle strength; 2) to analyze the association between BMI and physical fitness and the percentage of high-quality ECCs; and 3) to establish the optimal peak oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and muscle strength cutoffs for performing high-quality ECCs. Methods: Quasi-experimental study of 63 university students. We measured BMI, aerobic capacity, and hand muscle strength. The subjects were trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and then performed CPR maneuvers on a mannequin for 20 minutes. Results: A mean (95% confidence interval) of 77.8% (65.1%-90.5%) of the ECCs performed by men were technically correct and 86.0% (71.7%-94.3%) were of adequate depth; women performed a mean of 41.2% (32.2%-50.1%) of the ECCs correctly and 43.7% (24.6%-52.9%) were of adequate depth (P ≥.001). After adjustment for age, BMI, aerobic capacity, and muscle strength however, the differences between men and women were no longer significant. Individuals who were of normal weight or overweight and had superior aerobic capacity and muscle strength achieved higher percentages of high-quality ECCs. BMI, aerobic capacity, and hand muscle strength were predictors of ECCs that reached adequate depth according to multiple linear regression models controlling for age and sex. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting percentage of correct ECCs was 0.867 for VO2max and 0.872 for hand muscle strength. The cutoffs were 44.45 mL/kg/min for VO2max and 30.22 kg for hand strength. Conclusions: Gender, anthropometric characteristics, and physical fitness affect the ability to perform high-quality ECCs. Our data suggest that maintaining adequate physical fitness would improve individuals' ability to perform CPR

The GHQ-12 for the assessment of psychological distress of family caregivers.

This study examined the utility of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to assess the psychological distress of family caregivers. To accomplish this goal, a sample of 172 caregivers, 25 men and 147 women, aged 56.6 (SD = 13.7) completed self-report questionnaires and provided data on demographic factors. Univariate and bivariate models adjust adequately, although the two-factor model (anxiety/depression and social dysfunction) presented a better fit. Relative caregivers scored higher in psychological distress (anxiety and depression levels) on the GHQ-12 than did the normal population. In conclusion, the GHQ-12 is a sensitive instrument to detect the presence of anxiety and depression in relative caregivers, and the external validity of the instrument is generally adequate. The GHQ-12 seems particularly appropriate for research and clinical and health intervention in caregivers. Implications and limitations of these results are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.

[New devices of fecal diversion and collection: adverse effects described in the literature]. / Nuevos dispositivos de derivación y colección fecal: efectos adversos descritos en la bibliografía.

UNLABELLED: Among products for the management and control of faeces in patients with fecal incontinence, there are new devices that allow the diversion and collection of fecal matter. This study has aimed to know the complications related to these new devices described in the literature. METHOD: A search was made in the main bibliographic databases, obtaining publications on the new devices. The relevant documents were selected, these being those that described complications. After these were described. RESULTS: A total of 13 relevant documents were recovered. There were 45 adverse events 36 patients. Those having the greatest incidence were rectal bleeding (10 patients) and abdominal distension (6 patients). CONCLUSION: In order to provide the best patient care, it is essential to know the possible complications in order to be able to prevent them. The cares given these patients need to be reevaluated.

Análisis de la pronación global de miembros inferiores completos en deportistas de edad escolar / Analysis of global pronation of the entire lower extremities in school-age sport children

Objetivo. Un componente cinético importante durante el ciclo de la marcha humana es la rotación interna global de la extremidad inferior (rotación interna de cadera y valgo de rodilla) con pronación simultánea del pie, lo que clínicamente se describe como pronación global de la extremidad inferior completa. El objetivo fue analizar el patrón de la marcha en niños deportistas de edad escolar durante tres meses. Método. Se examinaron 58 niños, pertenecientes al Cajasol Ciencias Club de Rugby de Sevilla, de los cuales 10 presentaron una excesiva pronación global de las extremidades inferiores completas, conformando así la muestra de estudio. Se les realizó un análisis biomecánico de la marcha mediante una plataforma baropodométrica y se les calculó ángulos de Helbing, Fick y línea femorotibial en dinámico en ambas extremidades inferiores. Se analizó la evolución del patrón de marcha durante tres meses. Resultados. Inicialmente y tras los tres meses, los niños presentaron un patrón de marcha patológico caracterizado por una excesiva rotación interna de caderas, excesivo valgo de rodilla y excesiva pronación del pie, en ambas extremidades inferiores. Conclusión. Una excesiva pronación global de las extremidades inferiores completas presentes en deportistas de edad escolar no cambió con el crecimiento natural de los niños tras 3 meses de seguimiento, requiriendo un abordaje terapéutico específico (AU)

Objetive. An important kinesiologic component during human gait is a global internal rotation of the lower extremity (hip intoeing and knock knee) in conjunction with foot pronation. This motion is often loosely described clinically as global pronation of the entire lower extremity. The aim was to analyze the gait pattern in school-age sport children for three months. Method. We examined 58 children, belonging to Cajasol Sciences Sevilla Rugby Club. Only 10 children had excessive overall pronation complete lower limb and they made up the study sample. Gait biomechanical analysis was performed using modular-platform electronic baropodometer. Angle helbing, angle fick and line femorotibial during walking were calculated in both lower extremities. We analyzed evolution of gait pattern for three months. Results. Initially and after three months, the children presented a pathological gait pattern characterized by excessive hip internal rotation, excessive knee valgus and foot overpronation in both lower extremities. Conclusion. Global pronation of the entire lower extremity school-age sport children did not change with the natural growth of children after 3 months follow-up. We think it will be necessary a specific therapeutic treatment (AU)