Effect of three insect growth regulators on certain biological aspects of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae).

The current study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of certain insect growth regulators (IGRs), buprofezin, hexaflumuron, and lufenuron, at different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 ppm) against Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat grains. Our data showed that the three IGRs tested at different concentrations significantly affected the mortality of adults to varying extents. The percentage mortality of adults increased with increasing concentrations and time of exposure. After 21 days of treatment, the highest mortality (80.00%, 78.33%, and 60.00%) was observed at the highest concentration (0.8 ppm) and the lowest mortality (58.33%, 46.66%, and 30.00%) was observed at the lowest concentration (0.2 ppm) of lufenuron, buprofezin, and hexaflumuron, respectively. The tested IGRs reduced fecundity, hatchability, adult emergence, and weight loss in treated wheat grains and increased the developmental period of R. dominica compared with the control.

Evaluation of chitosan and silver nanoparticles Against isolated pathogens from Mulberry Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) under laboratory conditions.

This study aims to isolate and identify certain bactеrial and fungal pathogеns from silkworm, Bombyx mori L. such as promising chitosan, plus silvеr nanoparticlеs as its antimicrobial activity undеr laboratory condition. Silkworm, B. mori (H1xKKxG2xV2-Bolgaria) eggs werе attained from Sеriculture Rеsearch Cеntеr from Giza Governorate, Egypt. Chitosan and silvеr nanoparticlеs matеrials were assembled at the laboratory of Biochеmistry Departmеnt, Faculty of Agriculturе, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Herein total of 7 bactеrial and 5 fungal were isolatеd from the еxtеrnal and internal silkworm larvae. As a result, the mean percentage decrease in weight was elevated in diseased fifth instars (88%) compared to fourth diseased instars (62%). In addition, two bactеrial spеcies isolatеd from the infectеd larvae were identified as follows: Staphylococcus aurеus and Enterococcus faеcalis, whereas thrее fungal spеcies were isolatеd as follows: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus tamarii and Beauveria bassiana. Transmission elеctron microscopе imaging demonstrated the morphological propеrties and surfacе appеarance of silvеr and chitosan nanoparticlеs which havе a nеarly sphеrical shapе and smooth surfacе. The avеrage particlе size of 18.7 - 26.0 nm and 18.8 to 21.8 nm of silvеr and chitosan nanoparticles were recordеd. Furthermore, the highеst activity among nanoparticlеs tested against all pathogеnic bacteria and fungi isolatеd and idеntified in our study was rеcordеd by chitosan at 100 µg/ml in sеries, whilst silvеr nanoparticle еxhibitеd modеrate antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Abscesses in Crohn disease: percutaneous drainage.

Fifteen patients with Crohn disease underwent percutaneous catheter drainage of related abdominal abscesses. The abscesses were located in the right lower quadrant (five patients); in the quadratus lumborum and/or iliopsoas muscles (four patients); in the left paracolic gutter (two patients); and in the right gluteal muscles, the liver, the left subphrenic space, and the pelvis (one patient each). All abscesses were evacuated successfully (n = 15 of 15), and no patient required surgery for abscess drainage. Existing fistulas closed in four of seven patients; the other three patients underwent surgery for excision of diseased bowel and enteric fistulas. No patient developed an enterocutaneous fistula as a result of catheter drainage. Percutaneous abscess drainage is effective for abscesses related to Crohn disease and should be regarded as the procedure of choice. An operation for the abscess can be avoided, and early results suggest that bowel surgery may be obviated in selected patients.

Unsuspected pheochromocytoma: risk of blood-pressure alterations during percutaneous adrenal biopsy.

Four unsuspected pheochromocytomas were discovered during percutaneous fine-needle biopsy of the adrenal gland under ultrasound (n = 1) and computed tomographic (n = 3) guidance. One patient suffered an acute episode of alternating hypertension and hypotension during the procedure. A second patient had no alterations in vital signs during the procedure but had a severe hypertensive crisis during induction of anesthesia at surgery. Neither biopsy nor surgery affected the vital signs in the other two patients. During biopsy study of adrenal lesions, the possibility of unsuspected pheochromocytoma should be considered, and the interventional radiologist must be familiar with the emergency treatment of hypotensive or hypertensive crises that may occur.

Percutaneous cecostomy for decompression of the massively distended cecum.

Massive dilatation of the cecum developed in an elderly man following admission for an acute episode of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage complicated by myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation, and pulmonary edema. A diagnosis of pseudo-obstruction was made. After an unsuccessful attempt at colonoscopy, percutaneous cecostomy was performed under computed tomographic guidance, using trocar technique. The cecal distention resolved and did not recur. Percutaneous cecostomy is an alternative to colonoscopy and to surgical cecostomy in the treatment of massive cecal distention.