Comparison of the Effect of 2 Virtual Education Methods: Family-based Versus Peer-Support on Perceived Stress and Stress Coping in Women with Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Stress is an overwhelming feeling in patients with breast cancer (BC). However, The effect of virtual education has not been fully regulated. Hence, this study intends to compare the impact of 2 virtual education methods on perceived stress and stress coping in women with BC. Methods: A 3-armed randomized clinical trial was conducted among 315 women with BC who were referred to the Cancer Institute in Tehran. They were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (a) Family-based, receiving family-based training package; (b) peer-support, receiving peer-support educational package; and (c) control, receiving routine hospital care. Data were collected through demographic and disease characteristics, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21) questionnaires before and 3 months after the intervention. Results: The effect of the group factor after controlling the before-intervention scores in perceived stress, problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented strategies were P < 0.0001, P = 0.015, P < 0.0001, and P = 0.111, respectively. Also, the effect of the confounding factor of BC disease stage in the dependent variables was P = 0.527, P = 0.275, P = 0.358, and P = 0.609, respectively. The effect size test showed that before the intervention, the mean scores of perceived stress, problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented strategies were 32.00 ± 7.03, 19.36 ± 4.68, 25.10 ± 5.90, and 17.65 ± 6.64 respectively, but after the intervention showed a decrease in mean scores of perceived stress, emotion-oriented, and avoidance strategies. Conclusion: What is vibrant in virtual family-based education is far more effective than peer support when problem-oriented coping increases. Conversely, reducing perceived stress in women with BC receiving enough information and family support should be considered.

Predictive factors of anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Depression and anxiety are among the most critically recognized psychological complication of the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: This study aimed to examine the two predictors among COVID-19 survivors in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2022. Methodology: Using a descriptive-analytical design, 347 COVID-19 survivors referred to hospitals in Ahvaz were meticulously examined. The database of the COVID-19 registration system contained primary information about the samples. For data collection, questionnaires, including the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory and a demographic questionnaire, were utilized. Results: The results revealed a significant relationship between anxiety score and family size (p = 0.019), education level (p < 0.001), occupation (p = 0.015), household income status (p = 0.017), disease history (p = 0.017), ethnicity (p < 0.001), disease severity (p < 0.001), and quarantine period (p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the average depression score and gender (p = 0.023), number of family households (p = 0.009), level of education (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), household income (p < 0.001), disease severity (p < 0.001), disease history (p < 0.001), and quarantine period (p < 0.001). Moreover, linear regression analysis indicated only a significant relationship between depression scores and the quarantine period variable (p < 0.001), among others. The simultaneous examination of all variables on depression disorder highlighted a meaningful relationship between depression score and disease history (p = 0.013), occupation (p = 0.002), household income status (p = 0.002), and family size (p = 0.039). Conclusions: This study revealed a significant relationship between certain demographic variables, such as quarantine period, disease history, employment status, household income status, and the number of family households, and an increase in the average depression and anxiety score.

Factors associated with treatment adherence to treatment among in patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Adherence to treatment is a key determinant to proper management. This study aimed to assess the factors associated treatment adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study on 704 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to three diabetes clinics in Kerman, Iran. We used treatment adherence questionnaire and functional communicative critical health literacy (FCCHL) to collect data and descriptive statistics, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis to analyze data. Significance level was <0.05. Results: The study results showed that health literacy, HbA1c, and income were main predictors of diabetes treatment adherence. The patients' adherence increased as their health literacy increased. The patients' HbA1c decreases as their adherence increased. We found a 2.54-point increase in the treatment adherence score for those with sufficient income and a 0.76-point increase in the treatment adherence score for those with relatively sufficient income compared with those with insufficient income. Conclusion: We found several factors affecting diabetes treatment adherence. Planning theory-based interventions can be helpful to improve the determinants.

Comparison of associated factors of domestic violence against women by their husbands based on demographic characteristics and life skills in Iran.

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, the prevention of domestic violence against women (DVAW) has been considered a priority for women's health in many countries. Identifying factors related to DVAW by their husbands or intimate partner can promise prevention and decrease in prevalence. The objective of this study was to examine and compare associated factors of domestic violence based on demographic characteristics and some life skills. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Abadan, Iran. 640 couples completed questionnaires including demographic characteristics, communication skills, anger management, and problem-solving skill. In addition, women completed the questionnaire on domestic violence. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (t-test and one-way analysis of variance) and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Approximately 57% of the women in this study have been subjected to psychological violence in their lifetime by their husbands. The result of multiple regression indicated that demographic characteristics had a very small contribution to explaining domestic violence (R 2= 0.03) and only the education level of women was identified as a key predictor of domestic violence. The result of multiple regression based on life skills among couples demonstrated that communication skills and anger management of couples were inversely and significantly associated with domestic violence and these variables explained 51% of the variance in domestic violence. CONCLUSIONS: Empowering couples with anger management and communication skills can play an important role in decreasing domestic violence. Therefore, developing and planning educational interventions by policymakers and health care providers seems necessary for couples.

The Impact of Educational Intervention Based on Pender's Health Promotion Model on Healthy Lifestyle in Women of Reproductive Age in Iran.

Background: Lifestyle is one of the most important factors affecting women's health. Women's quality of life and health depends on their health-promoting behaviors and lifestyles. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of an educational intervention based on Pender model on healthy lifestyle in women of reproductive age in Iran. Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in women of reproductive age in Iran, from August to December 2019. The samples were divided into experimental (n = 120) and control (n = 120) groups. 6 training sessions were provided for the experimental group. The questionnaire consisted of several items including socio-demographic characteristics, health-promoting lifestyle profile-II (HPLP-II), self-efficacy, social support and constructs of Pender's health promotion model. SPSS-18 software has been applied for statistical analysis. Results: The mean age of the experimental group was 31.88±7.624 years and for the control group was 30.33±6.89 years. There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic variables such as marital status, education, employment status, age and body mass index with lifestyle in women. Lifestyle in women had a statistically significant relationship with the structure prior health-related behavior (p < 0.001). The score of women in structures of prior health-related behavior, perceived benefits, commitment to action, and social support increased after educational intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Findings showed that educational intervention based on Pender health promotion model has increased the score of healthy lifestyle in women. Therefore, planning and performing educational interventions to improve health promotion behaviors based on this model is essential.

What do parents of children with autism spectrum disorder think about their quality of life? A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Living with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can affect different aspects of parents' physical and mental health and quality of life. This study aimed to identify parents' perceptions of their quality of life and factors influencing such perceptions and investigate how they cope with difficulties in their daily lives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted using a qualitative research design to gain insight into how children with ASD may influence their parents' quality of life. A total of 31 parents and school counselors were selected by the snowball sampling method in autism schools in Tehran in the academic year 2018-2019. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Each interview was held based on a preprepared guideline by the researchers. In-depth questions were also asked as needed. Finally, the data were analyzed using the content analysis approach. RESULTS: The participants reported a variety of difficulties and crises to cope with in their daily lives. The factors reported to decrease the quality of life were categorized into six main themes and 20 subthemes. The main themes included "family interactions," "parenting," "daily living," "health," "financial issues," and "community-related." CONCLUSIONS: Due to the diversity and multilevel factors affecting the quality of life of parents having children with ASD, it is essential to adopt a comprehensive approach with the participation of all stakeholders in the development, design, and implementation of future interventions.

Determinants of Poor Treatment Adherence among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Limited Health Literacy: A Scoping Review.

Prevention of complications and successful control of diabetes require preventive and therapeutic measures. Patients' nonadherence to medication and diet regimens and healthcare protocols is associated with significant therapeutic and economic consequences. The present scoping review aims to identify determinants of poor treatment adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes and limited health literacy in 2021. This scoping review was conducted in five stages: designing a research question, searching and extracting related studies, selecting related studies, tabulating information, and reporting results. Data were collected from six foreign electronic databases (Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) and four Iranian electronic databases (MagIran, SID, IranDoc, and IranMedex) using keywords "Type 2 diabetes", "barriers", "treatment", "medication", "adherence", "non-adherence", "limited adherence", and "limited health literacy" from January 2010 to November 2021. From an initial 146 articles, 18 articles were eligible for review. Eighteen studies involving 3925 patients with T2DM from eight countries were included. The prevalence of nonadherence ranged from 42% to 74.3%. Barriers to treatment adherence, which were common among the articles, included economic problems, poor communication with healthcare team, lack of family support, lack of knowledge, misconceptions, and limited health literacy. The results of the present study provided modifiable and nonmodifiable factors affecting treatment adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes. Modifiable factors are essential by performing appropriate interventions with the target group and health professionals.

The effect of educational intervention on nutritional behavior in pregnant women based on social cognitive theory.

BACKGROUND: One of the key issues for women's health is pregnancy. Healthy nutrition during pregnancy is a reliable guarantee for proper pregnancy and childbirth. This study sought to determine the impact of an educational intervention based on social cognitive theory on the nutritional behavior of pregnant women in Iran. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial study was carried out in women of reproductive age in Iran, from February to April 2020. The samples were divided into experimental (n = 150) and control (n = 150) groups. The questionnaire included demographic questions, questions related to the structures of social cognitive theory and nutritional behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed through the SPSS20 and AMOS23 software. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 28.11 ± 6.54 and 28.83 ± 6.62 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The results of the Structural Equation Model showed that direct effect of self-efficacy, self-regulation, and mutual determinants on behavior were significant. After the educational intervention, nutritional behavior in the experimental group was increased significantly. Also, there was a significant difference between two groups in structures such as outcome expectations, outcome value, self-efficacy and knowledge. But there was no significant increase in the self-regulation and social support after educational intervention. CONCLUSION: Social cognitive theory as a theoretical framework is able to predict healthy eating behavior during pregnancy. Also educational intervention based on the structures of social cognitive theory, improved the behavior of pregnant mothers. Educational intervention based on social cognitive theory and providing simple and understandable training packages for pregnant women is recommended.

Predictors of Dengue Preventive Practices Based on Precaution Adoption Process Model among Health Care Professionals in Northwest of Iran.

Background: Dengue fever as a mosquito-borne disease, has rapidly spread due to climate change, globalization, and human behavior. Iran is prone to dengue fever, as its vector recently has been found in the country. This study aimed to assess predictors of dengue preventive practices based on Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) factors in West Azerbaijan province, northwest of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on 405 health professionals of communicable disease sector who were interested in study participation. Data-gathering instrument was an online researcher-made questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics (11 items), questions based on PAPM, and dengue preventive practices (85 items). Content validity and reliability of the instrument, content validity ratio, content validity index, and Cronbach α were utilized, respectively. Descriptive, analytical, and regression analysis using SPSS and STATA were examined. Results: Regression analysis revealed that awareness of appropriate actions for dengue prevention was a stronger predictor of preventive practice in borderline and appropriate categories (ß= 4.09, p< 0.001) and (ß= 4.42, p< 0.001), respectively. Among factors of PAPM, beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty in borderline (ß= 1.04, p= 0.04) and appropriate (ß= 1.12, p= 0.03) groups had direct and significant relation with dengue preventive practice. Conclusion: The highest mean score of beliefs about hazard likelihood and severity factor was related to dengue prevention. Therefore, theory-based interventions that address beliefs about precaution effectiveness and difficulty can lead to assistance in acting. To improve dengue preventive practices, a well-designed promotive intervention that addresses associated factors in a context-specific manner is essential.

Factors affecting nonadherence to treatment among type 2 diabetic patients with limited health literacy: Perspectives of patients, their families, and healthcare providers.

BACKGROUND: Treatment adherence is one of the behaviors associated with type 2 diabetes that predicts whether it will be successfully treated or develop complications and become uncontrolled. This study aimed to determine factors affecting nonadherence to treatment among diabetic patients with limited health literacy from the perspectives of patients, their families, and healthcare providers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study with a content analysis approach was conducted on 84 eligible type 2 diabetes patients with limited health literacy and poor adherence to treatment, as well as their families and healthcare providers using a purposive sampling method, in Kerman city in 2021. Interviews were conducted using a semistructured interview guide with a broad, open-ended question to provide a general history of the disease separately. The interviewer asked participants to identify the perceived barriers to treatment nonadherence. Each interview lasted 45-60 min. MAXQDA version 20 and inductive content analysis were used to code and analyze extracted data. RESULTS: Four major themes emerged from the patients' perspectives as "financial problems," "individual factors," "problems related to medication availability," and "healthcare providers' poor practices." Two major themes were classified from the perspective of patients' families as "financial problems" and "Individual factors," and four major themes were identified from the viewpoint of healthcare providers including "financial problems," "individual factors," "scarcity and medication availability," and "poor practice of the healthcare provider." These mentioned barriers were confirmed regarding treatment nonadherence among study participants. CONCLUSION: Study findings revealed different factors of treatment nonadherence among diabetic patients with limited health literacy. Therefore, these factors should be considered in tailoring promotive educational and supportive interventions. Considering the importance of adherence to treatment patients, planning empowerment family-based interventions focusing on health literacy improvement seems necessary.

Developing an Educational Parenting Skills Package to Parents Undergoing Substance Abuse Treatment for Preventing Addiction among Adolescents: A Study Protocol Based on Social Marketing Approach.

BACKGROUND: Developing an educational parenting skills package for parents with substance abuse may be effective in preventing the same problem in their adolescents. Social marketing is one of the approaches facilitating the preparation of educational content for this purpose. Social marketing is a regular and planned process focusing on customers and their needs for encouraging a target group to exhibit a particular behavior or adopt a specific idea. This study protocol aims to use the social marketing approach to prepare an educational parenting skills package for the parents undergoing substance abuse treatment to prevent addiction in their adolescents. METHODS: An educational parenting skills package will be designed and validated by a combination of qualitative research (descriptive phenomenology), scoping review, and Delphi study based on social marketing approach (4 Ps = product, price, place, promotion). The package will be prepared in four phases including educational need assessment, ranking the identified educational needs, determining the suitable health education constructs, and modeling and developing the educational content based on the identified constructs. The designed educational package will be validated from the perspective of the target group (parents undergoing substance abuse treatment) and experts. CONCLUSION: Developing educational packages based on a scientific health education approach and mainly the Social Marketing Assessment and Response Tool (SMART) model with an emphasis on market analysis or marketing mix (4 Ps = product, price, place, promotion) can prove effective in attracting the audience and promoting the target activities.

Factors predicting nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and dietary adherence among hypertensive middle-aged women: Application of transtheoretical model.

BACKGROUND: Healthy dietary adherence might be one of the effective and modifiable factors for hypertension (HTN) control; therefor, empowering patients for self-care management including healthy food patterns play a key role in guiding their care, in partnership with health care providers. This study aimed to identify the factors predicting nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and adherence to a diet based on transtheoretical model (TTM) among hypertensive middle-aged women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 164 patients with HTN attending west health centers of Tehran, Iran, in 2020. Simple random sampling was used. Sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents were collected, a valid and reliable measure on nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and adherence to diet, and a researcher-made measure based on TTM constructs through in-person interview was applied. Descriptive statistics and general linear model were utilized for data analysis using SPSS version 25. The significance level was considered less than 0.05. RESULTS: Mean and standard deviation of participants was 50.82 ± 8.77 years. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that family income (P < 0.001) and body mass index (P < 0.001) predicted nutritional knowledge and adherence to diet, respectively. Decisional balance and self-efficacy constructs predicted nutrition knowledge and illness perceptions (P < 0.001). In adherence to diet, overcoming the temptation construct was indicated as the only predictor (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Study findings highlighted the necessity of tailoring and implementing interventions based on TTM using appropriate strategies to promote quality of HTN management approach in nutritional knowledge, illness perceptions, and dietary adherence.

A comprehensive model of health education barriers of health-care system in Iran.

BACKGROUND: According to the importance of health education (HE) in disease control and prevention and inadequacy of HE in the Iran's health-care system, clarifying the HE barriers is necessary. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to clarifying the comprehensive model of HE barriers of health-care system in Iran. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted in 2019. Twenty-one health experts and physicians at different levels of the health system, a former health deputy of the Ministry of Health, and 26 community health workers (CHWs) were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and group discussions and analyzed simultaneously by conventional content analysis. RESULTS: Five themes were extracted including individual barriers (most important categories: inadequate ability of CHWs in HE, poor motivational factors at individual level, and educator's wrong beliefs), interpersonal (most important categories: weakness of other health-care providers in the education of CHWs, lack of proper understanding by health authorities of scientific and correct HE, inappropriate communication, unrealistic expectations from CHWs, problems with monitoring and supervision, poor work commitment, and client-related problems), organizational (most important categories: high workload of CHWs, problems related to educational resources, inappropriate attitude of managers and officials, and inappropriate evaluation and monitoring), community (most important categories: not believing CHWs by people, people's disinterest and lack of motivation in education, cultural problems, problems with the Internet and virtual social networks, and weak cross-sectoral cooperation), and contextual barriers (most important categories: barriers related to universities, broadcasting, the nature of HE science, as well as gap between practical education and theory). CONCLUSION: Considering the multidimensional barriers such as individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and contextual barriers, compiling and executing a comprehensive document with the participation of authorities, specialists, and service providers is recommended to remove barriers. This is in line with the Ottawa Charters' "reorienting health services."

Predictors of Quality of Life in Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia Patients Based on the PRECEDE Model: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.

This study aimed to determine the predictors of Quality of Life (QoL) in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia (TDT) patients based on PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) model. This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on 389 TDT patients who were under treatment in four thalassemia centers in Tehran, Iran. Data gathering instrument consisted of three parts: socioeconomic and demographic information, the Persian version of the six standardized questionnaires for measuring some of the potential predictive factors of QoL in TDT patients based on the PRECEDE model constructs, and a researcher-made questionnaire to assess knowledge of patients about health- and QoL-promoting behaviors and enabling factors involved in health- and QoL-promoting behaviors. Using AMOS 23.0, the structural equation modeling with maximum likelihood estimation was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. Associations of QoL with all of the PRECEDE model constructs, including anxiety-depression, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, knowledge, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors were significant (all p < 0.001). Anxiety-depression and perceived barriers were the significant negative predictors of QoL in TDT patients, whereas health-promoting lifestyle was the significant positive predictor of QoL in TDT patients. The final conceptual model of the study was adequately fit and can be applied as a framework for future educational-supportive programs aimed at improving the QoL in TDT patients.

Use of a Bluetooth tablet-based technology to improve outcomes in lung transplantation: A pilot study.

The impact of remote patient monitoring platforms to support the postoperative care of solid organ transplant recipients is evolving. In an observational pilot study, 28 lung transplant recipients were enrolled in a novel postdischarge home monitoring program and compared to 28 matched controls during a 2-year period. Primary endpoints included hospital readmissions and total days readmitted. Secondary endpoints were survival and inflation-adjusted hospital readmission charges. In univariate analyses, monitoring was associated with reduced readmissions (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41-0.76; P < .001), days readmitted (IRR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.42-0.51; P < .001), and hospital charges (IRR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.51-0.54; P < .001). Multivariate analyses also showed that remote monitoring was associated with lower incidence of readmission (IRR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.23-0.63; P < .001), days readmitted (IRR: 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05-0.37; P < .001), and readmission charges (IRR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03-0.46; P = .002). There were 2 deaths among monitored patients compared to 6 for controls; however, this difference was not significant. This pilot study in lung transplant recipients suggests that supplementing postdischarge care with remote monitoring may be useful in preventing readmissions, reducing subsequent inpatient days, and controlling hospital charges. A multicenter, randomized control trial should be conducted to validate these findings.

Development of a comprehensive communication skills curriculum bases on intervention mapping in response to an urgent need for community health workers' education reform: A study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Communication skills are one of the most important competencies required for community health workers (CHWs); however, there is no systematic evidence-based communication training course for them. In this study, we aim to develop a comprehensive communication skills curriculum for CHWs based on the intervention mapping (IM) approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used the IM approach to develop a systematic evidence-based communication skills curriculum for CHWs. First, we will determine the required competencies (by a literature search, a qualitative study, and a Delphi study), and then, we will develop a questionnaire for need assessment, and finally, we will implement the course and evaluate its efficacy by conducting a randomized controlled trial. This study was designed according to the steps of IM. CONCLUSION: This protocol reports an example of developing a training course using IM. This course could be applied for similar health workers across the world, as well as the CHWs.

Structural equation modeling analysis of Iranian womens food consumption: influence of socio-demographic characteristics and the information, motivation, and behavioral skills model / Análise de modelagem de equações estruturais do consumo alimentar de mulheres iranianas: influência das características sociodemográficas e do modelo de Informação, motivação e habilidades comportamentais

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed at examining whether food consumption varies in accordance with socio-demographic and behavioral factors in the conceptual model, analyzing adult women in Tehran, Iran, for that purpose. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 247 women in childbearing age, who were selected through systematic cluster sampling from five regions in Tehran. Dietary assessment was done through a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and the anthropometric indices were measured. Data on socio-economic status and information-motivation-behavioral skills model were obtained through a questionnaire. Then, subjects were stratified according to the socio-economic status and model components. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance and structural equation modeling. Results Consumption of food groups among the participating women differed based on their living region, education, occupation, household expenditure, and model components (p<0.05). Intake of red and processed meat (p<0.05) was at the lowest level in illiterate or low educated women. Those with lower total expenditure had higher consumption of fats and oils (p<0.05). Women with higher perceived social support consumed more milk and dairy products (p<0.05), fats and oils (p<0.05), and less bread and cereals (p<0.05). Model components including information, attitude, social support, self-efficacy, and self-regulation were the most important factors negatively affecting the consumption of unhealthy foods (red and processed meat, fats and oils, sugar, and salty foods). Conclusion Considering the impact of model components on women's eating behaviors, the specific integration strategies delineated for each construct of the model can be utilized to design model-based interventions targeting the promotion of healthy nutritional behavior.

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo buscou examinar se o consumo de alimentos varia de acordo com fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais no modelo conceitual entre mulheres adultas em Teerã, Irã. Métodos Este estudo transversal foi conduzido em 247 mulheres em idade reprodutiva, selecionadas por amostragem sistemática por conglomerados de cinco regiões de Teerã. A avaliação da dieta foi realizada por meio de um questionário de frequência alimentar, e os índices antropométricos foram medidos. Os dados sobre o status socioeconômico e o modelo de habilidades de informação-motivação-comportamento foram obtidos através de um questionário. Em seguida, os sujeitos foram estratificados conforme o status socioeconômico e os componentes do modelo. A análise estatística utilizou análise de variância e modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados O consumo de grupos de alimentos entre as mulheres participantes diferiu de acordo com a região onde vivem, educação, ocupação, gasto familiar e componentes do modelo (p<0,05). A ingestão de carne vermelha e processada (p<0,05) foi mais baixa entre mulheres analfabetas ou com baixa escolaridade. Aquelas com menor gasto total apresentaram maior consumo de gorduras e óleos (p<0,05). Mulheres com maior apoio social percebido consumiram mais leite e derivados (p<0,05), gorduras e óleos (p<0,05) e menos pão e cereais (p<0,05). Os componentes do modelo, incluindo informação, atitude, apoio social, autoeficácia e autorregulação, foram os fatores mais importantes que afetaram negativamente o consumo de alimentos não saudáveis (carne vermelha e processada, gorduras e óleos, açúcar e alimentos salgados). Conclusão Considerando o impacto dos componentes do modelo nos comportamentos alimentares das mulheres, as estratégias de integração específicas delineadas para cada construto do modelo podem ser utilizadas para projetar intervenções baseadas em modelos visando promover um comportamento nutricional saudável.