RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Liver is one of the most important organs affected by exercise. According to the literature a few study to date has investigated the effects of estrogen supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the effects of estrogen supplementation on oxidative stress markers in liver tissue of exercised rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male rats (n = 35) were divided as estrogen supplemented (n = 18) and non-supplemented groups (n = 17); these groups were further divided as rest and eccentric exercised groups. Eccentric exercise groups were further divided as rats killed after 1 hour and 48 hours of eccentric exercise. Estrogen (10 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously for 30 days. Eccentric exercise was applied as treadmill run (15° downhill, 20 m/min) consisting of periods of "5 min" run and 2 min rest repeated 18 times. The rat liver was examined biochemically and histologically. Activities of GST, GSH-Px, CAT, SOD and MDA concentration were also measured spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: Some disruptions were detected in experimental groups compared with the control group. Additionally, exercise training caused an increase in SOD and decrease in GSH-Px activities in some experimental groups. SOD activities increased significantly in group 3 (Estrogen (-), eccentric exercise (+) killed (after 1 h), compared with group 5 (Estrogen (-), eccentric exercise (+) killed (after 48 h). On the other hand, GSH-Px activities were also significantly decreased in groups 3, 4 and 5 compared with the control group. Leukocyte infiltration in liver increased after 48 hours compared with after 1 hour and estrogen supplementation was not able to prevent this infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: Estrogen seemed to be not very effective to prevent eccentric exercise-induced liver damage.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of MEFV mutations in patients with renal amyloidosis who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: FMF was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 patients between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34±7.8). 5 out of 25 patients were transplanted, remaining were waiting for Tx. Biopsy results were amyloidosis and taken from renal (n:16), rectal (n:8) and duodenal (1).All of them were carrier of mutations in both pyrin alleles.The primer cause of chronic renal failure in our group was secondary AA amyloidosis. DNA was isolated from 25 whole blood samples. The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Exon 2,3,5 and 10 of pyrin gene genotypes were identified in the NanoChip. RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the patients demonstrated that each subject carries either homozygote or compound heterozygote mutations of the gene. The most common mutations were M694V, V726A, E148Q and M680I. CONCLUSIONS: The clinic manifestation and complain of our patients were febrile and painful attacks such as in the abdomen, chest and joints due to inflammation of the peritoneum, pleura and synovial membrane. The major problem in FMF is the occurrence of amyloidosis that primarily affects the kidneys causing proteinuria and renal failure. Dialysis and renal transplantation can be treatment, but it is important to diagnose FMF at earliest stages. The percentage of FMF patients in our waiting list was 8.4%. Moreover, in our region FMF incidence is highly frequent, so FMF should be chased by genetically so as to prevent chronic renal failure due to amyloidosis.
