Students from a Public School in the South of Chile with Better Physical Fitness Markers Have Higher Performance in Executive Functions Tests-Cross-Sectional Study.

In the past few years, the level of physical fitness in children has decreased globally. According to the SIMCE test carried out in 2015, 45% of 8th year students in Chile were overweight. Moreover, international studies have shown that being overweight is associated with the development of chronic illnesses, negatively affecting cognitive mechanisms and processes. Nevertheless, there is little to no evidence that analyzes the relationship between physical fitness and executive functions in students, at a national level. The aim was to analyze the relationship between cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and motor fitness, and performance in an executive functions test, in students from a public school in the south of Chile. A qualitative, descriptive -correlational, non-experimental, and cross-sectional approach was used. In total, 100 students between 9 and 12 and 11 months of age from a public school in the south of Chile completed the physical fitness assessments through the ALPHA fitness test, and 81 students completed the executive function assessments through the ENFEN test. It was evidenced that students who achieved a longer duration of time and a later stage in the Course Navette test, more centimeters in the standing broad jump (SBJ) test, and a shorter duration in the 4 × 10 shuttle run obtained a better score in the gray trail test. Additionally, students who presented a stronger dominant handgrip scored higher in the colored trail tests. We conclude that students who show a higher level of physical fitness also present a better development of executive functions such as working memory and inhibitory control. In addition, these results suggest physical condition is a factor to consider for better cognitive and school performance.

Terapia de infidelidad: puente para transitar de la devastación a la re-creación de sí y de la relación / Infidelity therapy: a bridge to transition from the devastation to the renovation of oneself and of the relationship

Objetivo: reconocer las vivencias que tuvieron los consultantes en el proceso terapéutico y que favorecieron mantener la relación de pareja luego de una infidelidad. Metodología: estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico-hermenéutico. Se realizaron dos entrevistas semiestructuradas, a tres parejas y una participante; triangulación de la información con un grupo de discusión con terapeutas. Resultados: las reflexiones suscitadas en el espacio terapéutico llevan a una mirada de sí y de la pareja en términos más compasivos, lo que permite que emerjan transformaciones individuales y relacionales que se denominaron: la renovación de la langosta y la transformación del cristal en oro, respectivamente. Los cambios en el pensamiento, acciones y maneras de relacionarse se constituyeron como prácticas de cuidado de sí y de la pareja. Conclusión: la terapia actúa como un "puente" para la recuperación de las parejas, facilita dejar atrás los efectos devastadores de la infidelidad y florecer en un panorama más estético y esperanza.

Objective: to recognize the experiences that the consultants had in the therapeutic process that favored maintaining the couple's relationship after an infidelity. Methodology: qualitative study, hermeneutical phenomenological. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted with three couples and one participant; triangulation of information with a discussion group with therapists. Results: the reflections raised in the therapeutic space, lead to a look at oneself and the couple in more compassionate terms, which allows individual and relational transformations to emerge that were called: the renewal of the lobster and the transformation from crystal to gold, respectively. The changes in thinking, actions and ways of relating to each other were constituted as self-care and partner-care practices. Conclusion: therapy acts as a "bridge" for the recovery of couples, it makes it easier to leave behind the devastating effects of infidelity and flourish in a more aesthetic and hopeful outlook.

Terapia de infidelidad: puente para transitar de la devastación a la re-creación de sí y de la relación / Infidelity therapy: a bridge to transition from the devastation to the renovation of oneself and of the relationship

Objetivo: reconocer las vivencias que tuvieron los consultantes en el proceso terapéutico y que favorecieron mantener la relación de pareja luego de una infidelidad. Metodología: estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico-hermenéutico. Se realizaron dos entrevistas semiestructuradas, a tres parejas y una participante; triangulación de la información con un grupo de discusión con terapeutas. Resultados: las reflexiones suscitadas en el espacio terapéutico llevan a una mirada de sí y de la pareja en términos más compasivos, lo que permite que emerjan transformaciones individuales y relacionales que se denominaron: la renovación de la langosta y la transformación del cristal en oro, respectivamente. Los cambios en el pensamiento, acciones y maneras de relacionarse se constituyeron como prácticas de cuidado de sí y de la pareja. Conclusión: la terapia actúa como un "puente" para la recuperación de las parejas, facilita dejar atrás los efectos devastadores de la infidelidad y florecer en un panorama más estético y esperanzador.

Objective: to recognize the experiences that the consultants had in the therapeutic process that favored maintaining the couple's relationship after an infidelity. Methodology: qualitative study, hermeneutical phenomenological. Two semi-structured interviews were conducted with three couples and one participant; triangulation of information with a discussion group with therapists. Results: the reflections raised in the therapeutic space, lead to a look at oneself and the couple in more compassionate terms, which allows individual and relational transformations to emerge that were called: the renewal of the lobster and the transformation from crystal to gold, respectively. The changes in thinking, actions and ways of relating to each other were constituted as self-care and partner-care practices. Conclusion: therapy acts as a "bridge" for the recovery of couples, it makes it easier to leave behind the devastating effects of infidelity and flourish in a more aesthetic and hopeful outlook.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. case report

ABSTRACT Introduction: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as the presence of air in the mediastinum. It is a rare entity considered benign and self-limiting, which mostly affects young adults. Its diagnosis is confirmed through clinical and radiological studies. Case description: 21-year-old male patient with cough and greenish expectoration for four days, associated with dyspnea, chest pain, fever and bilateral supraclavicular subcutaneous emphysema. Chest X-ray suggested pneumomediastinum, which was confirmed by tomography. The patient was hospitalized for observation and treatment. After a positive evolution, he was discharged on the sixth day. Discussion: SPM is a differential diagnosis in patients with chest pain and dyspnea. Its prevalence is lower than 0.01% and its mortality rate is low. It should be suspected in patients with chest pain and subcutaneous emphysema on physical examination. Between 70 and 90% of the cases can be identified by chest X-ray, while confirmation can be obtained through chest tomography. In most cases it does not require additional studies. Conclusion: SPM is a little known cause of acute chest pain, and rarely considered as a differential diagnosis; it is self-limited and has a good prognosis.

Infected pulmonary infarction case report / Infarto pulmonar infectado. reporte de caso

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulmonary infarction occurs in 29% to 32% of patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). The infection of a pulmonary infarction is a complication in approximately 2 to 7% of the cases, which makes it a rare entity. Case Presentation: 49-year-old woman with pleuritic pain in the left hemithorax that irradiated to the dorsal region, associated with dyspnea and painful edema in the left lower limb of two days of evolution. Two weeks prior to admission, the patient suffered from a left knee trauma that required surgical intervention; however, due to unknown reasons, she did not receive antithrombotic prophylaxis. Physical examination showed tachycardia, tachypnea and painful edema with erythema in the left leg. After suspecting a pulmonary thromboembolism, anticoagulation medication was administered and a chest angiotomography was requested to confirm the diagnosis. The patient experienced signs of systemic inflammatory response, and respiratory deterioration. A control tomography was performed, suggesting infected pulmonary infarction. Antibiotic treatment was initiated, obtaining progressive improvement; the patient was subsequently discharged, and continued with anticoagulation medication and follow-up on an outpatient basis. Conclusions: Pulmonary infarction is a frequent complication in patients with PTE. Therefore, infected pulmonary infarction should be suspected in patients with clinical deterioration and systemic inflammatory response. The radiological difference between pulmonary infarction and pneumonia is not easily identified, thus the diagnostic approach is clinical, and anticoagulant and antimicrobial treatment should be initiated in a timely manner.

RESUMEN Introducción El infarto pulmonar ocurre entre un 29 y un 32% de pacientes con tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP). Por su parte, la infección de un infarto pulmonar complica aproximadamente del 2 al 7% de los casos, lo que hace que el infarto pulmonar infectado sea una entidad poco frecuente. Descripción del caso Mujer de 49 años con dolor pleurítico en hemitórax izquierdo, irradiado a región dorsal, asociado a disnea y edema doloroso de miembro inferior izquierdo de dos días de evolución. Dos semanas antes de su ingreso la paciente sufrió trauma de rodilla izquierda, el cual que requirió intervención quirúrgica; sin embargo, por motivos desconocidos, no recibió profilaxis anti trombótica. En el examen físico se encontró taquicardia, taquipnea y edema doloroso con eritema en pierna izquierda. Al existir alta sospecha de tromboembolia pulmonar se inició anticoagulación y se solicitó angiotomografía de tórax, con la cual fue posible confirmar el diagnóstico. Durante su evolución, la paciente experimentó signos de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica, deterioro respiratorio. Se realizó tomografía de control sugestiva de infarto pulmonar infectado. Se inició antibiótico y la paciente mejoró de forma progresiva; después de esta mejora, fue dada de alta para continuar anticoagulación y seguimiento ambulatorios. Conclusiones El infarto pulmonar es una complicación frecuente en pacientes con TEP. Por lo tanto, debe sospecharse infarto pulmonar infectado en pacientes con deterioro clínico y respuesta inflamatoria sistémica. La diferencia radiológica entre infarto pulmonar y neumonía no es fácil de identificar, su enfoque diagnóstico es clínico y el tratamiento anticoagulante y antimicrobiano debe iniciarse de manera oportuna.

The biological activity of derivatives of 2-[(o-; and p-substituted)aminophenyl]-3H-5-[(o-; and p-substituted)phenyl]-7-chloro-1,4-benzodiazepines and 1-alkyl-3H-5-[(o-; and p- substituted) phenyl]-7-chloro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one.

Eight of a series of twelve new 2-[(o-; and p-substituted)aminophenyl]-3H-5-[(o-; and p-substituted)phenyl]-7-chloro-1,4-benzodiazepinines (VI, 1-12; Fig. 1) and two of eleven new 1-alkyl-3H-5-[(o-; and p-substituted)phenyl]-7-chloro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (IV, 1-12; Fig. 2) were tested for their pharmacological and/or biological activity as anxiolytics.