[Venous malformations of the parotid in adults. Report of two cases and review of the literature]. / Les malformations veineuses de la parotide chez l'adulte. A propos de deux cas et revue de la littérature.

Parotid vascular malformation in the adult is a very rare and benign tumor; only 47 cases were described in the world literature. This vascular malformation, mostly of venous origin is, on the opposite of the clinical, histological and evolution features of parotid hemangiomas in children, which are more frequent. Some clinical and radiological elements are pathognomonic allowing preoperative diagnosis. We present 2 cases of intraparotid venous malformation in adults, and based on an exhaustive study of the world literature discuss frequency, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

[The deviated nose. Classification and treatment. Apropos of 100 cases]. / Les nez déviés. Classification et traitement. A propos de 100 cas.

We present a series of 100 deviated noses treated over 5-year period. A classification into four groups was proposed and used to determine preoperative strategy according to the type of deformation. The main corrective methods were lateral cartilage grafts for C-shaped noses and removal and reinstallation of the nasal cartilage for S-shaped nose and "lay down" noses. The best results were obtained for trauma-induced deformations occurring after puberty. Lay-down nose were more difficult to treat than C- and S-shaped noses. Good results can be expected in 80% of the cases. Good nasal flow was obtained in 90% of the patients and secondary surgery was successful in the other 10%.

[Evaluation of transcutaneous electrostimulation in the management of post-tonsillectomy pain in adults]. / Evaluation de l'électrostimulation transcutanée dans la prise en charge des douleurs post-amygdalectomie chez l'adulte.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), has been known for many years, especially in neurosurgery for the treatment of chronic pain syndromes. The authors report the results of the use of this technique in 45 adults feeling acute pain after tonsillectomy. Spontaneous pain and odynophagia were both studied. TENS was effective in 40 out of 45 patients, with full control or significant decrease of the pain. This harmless treatment appears to be attractive and needs larger studies.

[Contribution of cartilage grafts to lateral reinforcement of the nose]. / L'apport des greffons cartilagineux dans les enfoncements latéraux du nez.

Cartilage grafts were used for lateral reinforcement of the nasal pyramid in a series of 67 patients undergoing surgery for nasal deviation. Septal cartilage, used for all grafts, is a well vitalized, highly flexible tissue allowing remodelling to the desired form. Lateral wall reinforcement with cartilage grafts plays an important role in surgical cure of deviated noses. In our series of 67 patients, this procedure was used in 61. Results were good in 83%.

[Removal and replacement of the septal cartilage in noses with traumatic injuries, causing deviation. Technique--results]. / La dépose repose du cartilage septal dans les nez déviés traumatiques. Technique--résultats.

The nasal septum in 44 patients with deviated noses due to trauma and complex lesions of the septal cartilage leading to bilateral or unilateral nasal obstruction underwent removal then reinstallation of the nasal cartilage. The results of the surgical technique were evaluated according to the access route, external or endonasal, and demonstrated the advantages and disadvantages of this technique which is a crucial step in the treatment of severe traumatic lesions of the nasal septum.

[Hemorrhagic complications of lower turbinectomy]. / Complications hémorragiques des turbinectomies inférieures.

Concerning 52 inferior turbinectomies, the authors analyse the haemorrhagic complications of these surgical operations. They deplore 4% of serious haemorrhages. These ones may immediately occur during the surgical operation or in the next 15 days. No technique can prevent an haemorrhage. So that the patient must be notified of the risks he runs and the indications have to be seriously discussed.

[Endonasal rhinosporidiosis (apropos of 2 cases observed in Gabon)]. / La rhinosporidiose endonasale (à propos de 2 cas observés au Gabon).

Being endemic in India and Sri Lanka, rhinosporidiosis is not much known in Africa where only few cases have been reported for the last 20 years. It is a chronic mycosis striking electively two target zones: nasal and conjunctival mucosae. Many features are still unknown about this pathogenic agent which belongs to the group of phycomycetes. But it has never been yet possible to cultivate it nor to inoculate it to animals. It has a cyclic development, well described by Ashworth. Its treatment is both surgical and medical (fungicides).