High Exposure to Livestock Pathogens in Southern Pudu (Pudu puda) from Chile.

A significant gap in exposure data for most livestock and zoonotic pathogens is common for several Latin America deer species. This study examined the seroprevalence against 13 pathogens in 164 wild and captive southern pudu from Chile between 2011 and 2023. Livestock and zoonotic pathogen antibodies were detected in 22 of 109 wild pudus (20.18%; 95% CI: 13.34-29.18) and 17 of 55 captive pudus (30.91%; 95% CI: 19.52-44.96), including five Leptospira interrogans serovars (15.38% and 10.71%), Toxoplasma gondii (8.57% and 37.50%), Chlamydia abortus (3.03% and 12.82%), Neospora caninum (0.00% and 9.52%), and Pestivirus (8.00% and 6.67%). Risk factors were detected for Leptospira spp., showing that fawn pudu have statistically significantly higher risk of positivity than adults. In the case of T. gondii, pudu living in "free-range" have a lower risk of being positive for this parasite. In under-human-care pudu, a Pestivirus outbreak is the most strongly suspected as the cause of abortions in a zoo in the past. This study presents the first evidence of Chlamydia abortus in wildlife in South America and exposure to T. gondii, L. interrogans, and N. caninum in wild ungulate species in Chile. High seroprevalence of livestock pathogens such as Pestivirus and Leptospira Hardjo in wild animals suggests a livestock transmission in Chilean template forest.

Surgical Patients' Perception About Behaviors of Humanized Nursing Care.

INTRODUCTION: One of the greatest challenges that health professionals face is providing humanized care, especially when technological advancements contribute to the depersonalization of care delivery. In this sense, nursing care not only requires the nurse to be scientific, academic, and clinical but also a humanitarian and moral agent, as a partner in human transactions. METHOD: Quantitative, descriptive, and transversal study. In a nonprobabilistic sampling for convenience, in 150 surgical patients, with more than 3 days of hospital stay, the instrument "Perception of Behaviors of Humanized Nursing Care" was used (third version). The study adhered to the legal and ethical research guidelines in Mexico. RESULTS: According to the general objective of the study, the findings determined were that 67% of the participants perceived humanized nursing care as favorable. CONCLUSION: More than half of the patients always perceived behaviors of humanized care, provided by nurses, during their hospitalization in surgical services.

Human-environmental drivers and impacts of the globally extreme 2017 Chilean fires.

In January 2017, hundreds of fires in Mediterranean Chile burnt more than 5000 km2, an area nearly 14 times the 40-year mean. We contextualize these fires in terms of estimates of global fire intensity using MODIS satellite record, and provide an overview of the climatic factors and recent changes in land use that led to the active fire season and estimate the impact of fire emissions to human health. The primary fire activity in late January coincided with extreme fire weather conditions including all-time (1979-2017) daily records for the Fire Weather Index (FWI) and maximum temperature, producing some of the most energetically intense fire events on Earth in the last 15-years. Fire activity was further enabled by a warm moist growing season in 2016 that interrupted an intense drought that started in 2010. The land cover in this region had been extensively modified, with less than 20% of the original native vegetation remaining, and extensive plantations of highly flammable exotic Pinus and Eucalyptus species established since the 1970s. These plantations were disproportionally burnt (44% of the burned area) in 2017, and associated with the highest fire severities, as part of an increasing trend of fire extent in plantations over the past three decades. Smoke from the fires exposed over 9.5 million people to increased concentrations of particulate air pollution, causing an estimated 76 premature deaths and 209 additional admissions to hospital for respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. This study highlights that Mediterranean biogeographic regions with expansive Pinus and Eucalyptus plantations and associated rural depopulation are vulnerable to intense wildfires with wide ranging social, economic, and environmental impacts, which are likely to become more frequent due to longer and more extreme wildfire seasons.

Toma de decisión en pacientes ostomizados en tres hospitales de Santiago y principales factores involucrados, junio 2001 / Decision - making on patients with ostomy in 3 hospitals of Santiago, Chile, and main issues involved, on June 2001

Estudio descriptivo cuyo objetivo fue conocer las decisiones más importantes que enfrentan los pacientes ostomizados y los principales factores involucrados en Santiago, Chile. Para ello, se entrevistaron 45 colostomizados e ileostomizados, temporales o permanentes, de ambos sexos, en un período posterior al alta, de hasta un año de practicada la cirugía; provenientes de los Hospitales Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de chile, Dostor Sótero del Río y Barros Luco Trudeau. El instrumento utilizado fue el "Cuestionario para valoración de necesidades de la población. Entrevista personal para usuarios", creado por A. M. O'Connor & M.J. Jacobsen y modificado por M.S. Campos, S. Jaimovich e I. Lange. Las encuestas fueron realizadas en junio, del año 2001, mediante visitas domiciliarias y citas en el mismo Hospital donde se les practicó la cirugía. Los hallazgos más importantes revelaron que el 75 por ciento de los ostomizados enfrentan un proceso de toma de decisiones al momento de realizar la entrevista. De los que tomaban decisiones, un 67.6 por ciento presentaban conflicto decisional. La gran mayoría de estos pacientes (68.5 por ciento) tenían menos de 6 meses de ostomizados. entre las decisiones más importantes, están aquellas relacionadas con estilos de vida o situaciones con un 55.9 por ciento, siendo "la aceptación de la ostomía" la más nombrada. El restante 44.1 por ciento, mencionaba las que involucran tratamientos relacionados con su salud, en el cual "el operarse o no operarse" fue la principal dicisión. Dentro de los principales factores influyentes se encuentran:" el no sentirse capaz de tomar la dicisión" y la "falta de apoyo económico", entre otros. Los resultados reafirman que las necesidades del ostomizado son biopsicosociales, de modo tal que la consejería y apoyo de la enfermera en la toma de decisiones es importante en la atención integral del usuario