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2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 66(7): 362-369, ago.-sept. 2019. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-187549

RESUMO

Antecedentes y objetivo: En los pacientes con gonalgia por gonartrosis, disponemos de tratamientos no exentos de efectos secundarios. Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia analgésica de la radiofrecuencia (pulsada y convencional) sobre el nervio safeno a nivel subsartorial y los nervios geniculares de la rodilla, mediante la localización por ultrasonografía. Materiales y métodos: Ensayo clínico prospectivo, aleatorizado, doble ciego. G1 (RDF1): sujetos sometidos a radiofrecuencia, G2 (PLCB): sujetos sometidos a placebo. Se consideró clínicamente relevante una disminución ≥30% del dolor, según escala visual numérica y en el Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoartritis Index, cuestionario de impresión global del paciente (PGIC) y cuestionario de estado de salud (SF-12) en la evaluación al mes, a los tres meses y a los seis meses de la realización de la técnica. Resultados: Veintiocho pacientes (G1: 12, G2: 16), 72% mujeres, edad: 75,2 (9,1) años, índice de masa corporal: 29,9 (4,64). El análisis no mostró una reducción del dolor, ni estadísticamente significativa, ni clínicamente relevante, al mes, tres, o seis meses respecto al inicio del tratamiento, en el cuestionario Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoartritis Index y en la escala visual numérica (reposo, movimiento). Respecto al PGIC y al cuestionario SF-12, tampoco existieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre G1 y G2 antes ni después del tratamiento. Conclusiones: La combinación de dos técnicas de radiofrecuencia, no provoca una reducción en la intensidad de la gonalgia, al mes, tres, ni a los seis meses después de su realización. Es necesario cambiar la técnica de radiofrecuencia e incluir más variables para proseguir con el estudio de eficacia


Background and objective: In patients with knee pain due to gonarthrosis, we have treatments that are not free of side effects. Objective: to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of radiofrequency (pulsed and conventional) on the saphenous nerve at the subsartorial level and the genicular nerves of the knee, by ultrasonography. Materials and methods: Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. G1 (RDF1): subjects subjected to radiofrequency, G2 (PLCB): subjects subjected to placebo. A decrease ≥30% of the pain was considered clinically relevant, according to numerical rating scale and in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, global patient impression questionnaire (PGIC) and health status questionnaire (SF-12) in the evaluation at month, three months and six months after the completion of the technique. Results: 28 patients (G1: 12, G2: 16), 72% women, age: 75.2+/-9.1 years, body mass index: 29.9+/-4.64. The analysis did not show a pain reduction, neither statistically significant, not clinically relevant, at one month, three, or six months with respect to the start of treatment, in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire and numerical rating scale (rest, movement). Regarding PGIC and the SF-12 questionnaire, there were no statistically significant differences between G1 and G2 either before or after treatment. Conclusions: The combination of two radiofrequency techniques, does not cause a reduction in the intensity of the knee pain, at month, three, or at six months after its completion. It is necessary to change the radiofrequency technique and include more variables to continue with the efficacy study


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Terapia por Radiofrequência/métodos , Artralgia/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Duplo-Cego , Segurança do Paciente , Resultado do Tratamento , Analgesia/métodos , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Joelho/inervação , Questionário de Saúde do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31031045

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In patients with knee pain due to gonarthrosis, we have treatments that are not free of side effects. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of radiofrequency (pulsed and conventional) on the saphenous nerve at the subsartorial level and the genicular nerves of the knee, by ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. G1 (RDF1): subjects subjected to radiofrequency, G2 (PLCB): subjects subjected to placebo. A decrease ≥30% of the pain was considered clinically relevant, according to numerical rating scale and in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, global patient impression questionnaire (PGIC) and health status questionnaire (SF-12) in the evaluation at month, three months and six months after the completion of the technique. RESULTS: 28 patients (G1: 12, G2: 16), 72% women, age: 75.2±9.1 years, body mass index: 29.9±4.64. The analysis did not show a pain reduction, neither statistically significant, not clinically relevant, at one month, three, or six months with respect to the start of treatment, in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire and numerical rating scale (rest, movement). Regarding PGIC and the SF-12 questionnaire, there were no statistically significant differences between G1 and G2 either before or after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of two radiofrequency techniques, does not cause a reduction in the intensity of the knee pain, at month, three, or at six months after its completion. It is necessary to change the radiofrequency technique and include more variables to continue with the efficacy study.


Assuntos
Artralgia/terapia , Articulação do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho/terapia , Terapia por Radiofrequência/métodos , Idoso , Artralgia/etiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Medição da Dor , Estudos Prospectivos , Terapia por Radiofrequência/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo , Falha de Tratamento
4.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 45(1): 52-62, ene.-feb. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-188048

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Desarrollar recomendaciones sobre el uso de la combinación paracetamol/tramadol (P/T) en pacientes con dolor moderado-intenso, basadas en la mejor evidencia y experiencia. MÉTODOS: Se siguió la metodología de grupos nominales y Delphi apoyados por una revisión sistemática de la literatura (RSL). Se seleccionó un panel multidisciplinar de 12 expertos en el manejo del dolor. En la primera reunión de grupo nominal se definió el objetivo, alcance, usuarios, apartados del documento de consenso, así como recomendaciones generales preliminares. Para la RSL se definieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y las estrategias de búsqueda. Dos revisores seleccionaron y analizaron los artículos. Esta evidencia se discutió en una segunda reunión de grupo nominal y se generaron las recomendaciones definitivas. Para cada recomendación, el nivel de evidencia y el grado de recomendación se clasificaron según el modelo de Oxford, y el grado de acuerdo por técnica Delphi. Se definió acuerdo si al menos el 70% de los participantes contestaron ≥ 7 en cada recomendación (1 = total desacuerdo a 10 = total acuerdo). RESULTADOS: Se generaron 20 recomendaciones que cubren aspectos generales, como la evaluación del dolor, y específicos del manejo de P/T. Estos últimos abarcan la indicación de la combinación P/T (perfil de paciente, dosificación, pauta, formulaciones), gestión del riesgo (contraindicaciones, precauciones, interacciones, uso concomitante con otras medicaciones, seguimiento, situaciones especiales) y la educación del paciente. CONCLUSIONES: Estas recomendaciones pretenden resolver algunos interrogantes clínicos habituales y facilitar la toma de decisiones respecto al uso de la combinación P/T en pacientes con dolor moderado-intenso


OBJECTIVES: To present recommendations on the use of the paracetamol/tramadol (P/T) combination in patients with moderate-intense pain based on best evidence and experience. METHODS: The method of nominal groups and Delphi was followed, and supported by a systematic literature review (SLR). A multidisciplinary panel of 12 experts in pain management was selected. In the first nominal group meeting, the aim, scope, users, and sections of the consensus document, were defined, along with the preliminary general recommendations. For the SLR, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the search strategies, were defined. Two reviewers selected and analysed the articles. This evidence was discussed in a second nominal group meeting, and definitive recommendations were developed. For each recommendation, the evidence levels and grade of recommendation grades were classified according to the Oxford model, and the grade according to the Delphi technique. It was defined as an agreement if at least 70% of the participants scored ≥ 7 for each recommendation (1 = total disagreement to 10 = total agreement). RESULTS: A total of 20 recommendations were produced, which covered general aspects, such as the assessment of pain, and those specific to P/T management. These latter included the indications of the P/T combination (patient profile, dosing, prescription, formulations), risk management (contraindications, precautions, interactions, concomitant use with other medications, follow-up, special situations), and patient education. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations attempt to resolve any of the routine clinical questions, and help in the making of decisions on the use of the P/T combination in patients with moderate-intense pain


Assuntos
Humanos , Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Tramadol/administração & dosagem , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Combinação de Medicamentos , Dor/fisiopatologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
5.
Semergen ; 45(1): 52-62, 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30686297

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To present recommendations on the use of the paracetamol/tramadol (P/T) combination in patients with moderate-intense pain based on best evidence and experience. METHODS: The method of nominal groups and Delphi was followed, and supported by a systematic literature review (SLR). A multidisciplinary panel of 12 experts in pain management was selected. In the first nominal group meeting, the aim, scope, users, and sections of the consensus document, were defined, along with the preliminary general recommendations. For the SLR, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the search strategies, were defined. Two reviewers selected and analysed the articles. This evidence was discussed in a second nominal group meeting, and definitive recommendations were developed. For each recommendation, the evidence levels and grade of recommendation grades were classified according to the Oxford model, and the grade according to the Delphi technique. It was defined as an agreement if at least 70% of the participants scored ≥7 for each recommendation (1=total disagreement to 10=total agreement). RESULTS: A total of 20 recommendations were produced, which covered general aspects, such as the assessment of pain, and those specific to P/T management. These latter included the indications of the P/T combination (patient profile, dosing, prescription, formulations), risk management (contraindications, precautions, interactions, concomitant use with other medications, follow-up, special situations), and patient education. CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations attempt to resolve any of the routine clinical questions, and help in the making of decisions on the use of the P/T combination in patients with moderate-intense pain.


Assuntos
Acetaminofen/administração & dosagem , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Tramadol/administração & dosagem , Analgésicos/administração & dosagem , Técnica Delphi , Combinação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Dor/fisiopatologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
7.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 20(3): 107-112, mayo-jun. 2013. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126662

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia de la infiltración intrarticular de la rodilla con ozono médico en pacientes que presentan gonalgia por gonartrosis crónica. Método: Estudio observacional, prospectivo e intrasujeto; se incluyeron 203 pacientes con gonalgia secundaria a gonartrosis en su mayoría; se realizaron un total de 5 infiltraciones intrarticulares con ozono médico, a una concentración de 25 µg/ml y un volumen de 10 ml, a intervalos semanales. Se evalúo la calidad analgésica mediante la escala visual analógica (EVA) y el dolor (WOMAC-A), rigidez (WOMAC-B) y capacidad funcional (WOMAC-C) utilizando el cuestionario Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC), antes y después del tratamiento. Resultados: A los 203 pacientes se le realizaron un total de 305 procedimientos, 204 fueron realizados en mujeres y 101 en hombres, siendo la media de edad de 69,9 ± 9,4 años. Otorgando a EVA, WOMAC-A, WOMAC-B y WOMAC-C rango de variables cuantitativas, las medias previas al tratamiento fueron 6,88 ± 2,30, 8,12 ± 3,76, 3,39 ± 1,88 y 29,15 ± 13,04 respectivamente y las medias de respuesta posteriores al tratamiento, 3,98 ± 2,35, 4,61 ± 2,79, 2,10 ±,1,50 y 17,51 ±,10,36 respectivamente. Las diferencias entre las respuestas previas y posteriores al tratamiento, comparadas con el test de T de student para datos apareados fueron todas ellas significativas con p < 0,001. Conclusión: El uso de ozono intrarticular a una concentración de 25 µg/ml y un volumen de 10 ml es eficaz para el alivio del dolor crónico secundario a gonartrosis. Como complicación más frecuente se registró dolor leve durante la administración del ozono, seguida de sensación de ocupación y crepitación articular por lo que también lo podemos considerar como un tratamiento seguro exento de repercusiones sistémicas que hayan requerido de actuaciones médicas (AU)


Objective: To determine the efficacy of intra-articular knee infiltration with medical ozone in patients with chronic knee pain due to knee osteoarthritis. Methods: An observational, prospective and intrasubject, included 203 patients with knee osteoarthritis and pain secondary to most, there were a total of five intra-articular injections with medical ozone at a concentration of 25 ug / ml and a volume of 10 ml at weekly intervals. Analgesic quality was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain (WOMAC-A), stiffness (WOMAC-B) and functional capacity (WOMAC-C) using the questionnaire Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) before and after treatment. Results: 203 patients were performed a total of 305 procedures, 204 women and 101 men, with a mean age of 69.9 ± 9.4 years. Giving to EVA, WOMAC-A,-B and WOMAC WOMAC-C range of quantitative variables, the mean pre-treatment were 6.88 ± 2.30, 8.12 ± 3.76, 3.39 ± 1.88 and 29.15 ± 13.04, respectively, and the mean response after treatment, 3.98 ± 2.35, 4.61 ± 2.79, 2.10 ± 1.50 and 17.51 ± 10.36 respectively. The differences between the responses before and after treatment, compared with Student's t tests for paired data were all significant at p <0.001. Conclusion: The use of an intra-articular ozone concentration of 25 ug / ml and a volume of 10 ml is effective for the relief of chronic pain secondary to knee osteoarthritis. As most frequent complication was recorded mild pain during the administration of ozone, followed by feeling of occupation and joint crepitation so we can consider it also as a safe treatment free of systemic effects have required medical interventions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ozônio/uso terapêutico , Osteoartrite do Joelho/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Injeções Intra-Articulares , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento
9.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 19(5): 259-263, sept.-oct. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-107393

RESUMO

Objetivos: valorar la efectividad y seguridad de la inyección de dosis única de ácido hialurónico estabilizado de origen no animal (NASHA) para el tratamiento del dolor secundario a gonartrosis. Material y métodos: se han incluido un total de 37 pacientes afectos de gonartrosis diagnosticada previamente por el Traumatólogo/Reumatólogo en los que ha fracasado el tratamiento conservador y/o que no son tributarios de tratamiento quirúrgico. Se les ha efectuado una infiltración en dosis única de ácido hialurónico estabilizado no animal (NASHA), Durolane®. Se han recogido datos demográficos, efectos adversos e intensidad del dolor (valorada mediante escala verbal numérica) y puntuación en los cuestionarios Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoartritis Index (WOMAC) y Barthel -basal, a las 2 semanas, a los 3 meses y a los 6 meses de la infiltración-. Se ha considerado efectiva una disminución ≥ 30% durante más de 3 meses en las puntuaciones basales. Resultados: los pacientes son mayoritariamente mujeres (83,8%), con una edad media de 72,8 años (desviación típica -S- = 8,4) e índice de masa corporal medio (IMC) 31,9 (S = 6,9). La rodilla infiltrada es izquierda en el 51,7%, derecha en el 41,4% y bilateral en el 6,9% de los pacientes. Han presentado efectos adversos en forma de artralgias bien toleradas el 11,1% de los pacientes. En base a los resultados, la infiltración con dosis única de ácido hialurónico estabilizado de origen no animal (NASHA) por gonalgia de origen artrósico provoca una reducción estadísticamente significativa en la intensidad del dolor (escala verbal numérica y WOMAC) y de la capacidad funcional (WOMAC) en todos los intervalos valorados. Se ha producido una reducción ≥30% en la intensidad del dolor en el 54% (valor que coincide con la reducción en la puntuación WOMAC de dolor), en la rigidez en el 62,1% y en la capacidad funcional en el 48,6% de los pacientes. Conclusiones: en nuestros pacientes, la viscosuplementación intrarticular con dosis única de ácido hialurónico estabilizado de origen no animal (NASHA, Durolane®) para el tratamiento del dolor secundario a gonartrosis ha resultado efectiva y segura y supone un arma más para el manejo del dolor y la invalidez que genera la gonartrosis (AU)


Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of single- dose injection of stabilized hyaluronic acid of non-animal origin (NASHA) for the treatment of pain related to knee osteoarthritis. Material and methods: we included a total of 37 patients with previously diagnosed gonarthritis by the Orthopedist/ Rheumatologist in which conservative treatment has failed and/or who are not candidates for surgery. They carried out a single-dose injection of non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (Durolane®). We collected demographic data, adverse effects and pain intensity (assessed by verbal numeric scale) and scores on the questionnaires Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Barthel -baseline, at 2 weeks, at 3 months and 6 months of infiltration-. It has been considered effective a decrease ≥ 30% for more than 3 months at baseline scores. Results: patients are predominantly female (83.8%) with a mean age of 72.8 years (standard deviation = -S-8.4) and mean body mass index (BMI) 31.9 (S = 6.9). The left knee is infiltrated in 51.7%, 41.4% right and bilateral in 6.9% of patients. Adverse effects have occurred as well tolerated arthralgia 11.1% of patients. Based on the results, the infiltration with single dose of stabilized hyaluronic acid of non-animal origin for osteoarthritic source gonalgia caused a statistically significant reduction in pain intensity (numerical verbal scale and WOMAC) and functional capacity (WOMAC) at all measured intervals. There has been a ≥ 30% reduction in pain intensity in 54% (value that matches the reduction in WOMAC pain score) in 62.1% stiffness and functional capacity in 48.6% of patients. Conclusion: in our patients, intra-articular viscosupplementation single dose of stabilized hyaluronic acid of non-animal origin (NASHA, Durolane®) for the treatment of pain related to gonarthritis has been effective and safe and is a weapon for the management of pain and disability gonarthritis generated (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Viscossuplementação/métodos , Viscossuplementação , Osteoartrite do Joelho/tratamento farmacológico , Viscossuplementação/instrumentação , Viscossuplementação/tendências , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários
10.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Dolor ; 17(6): 286-296, ago.-sept. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81869

RESUMO

Etiología. La neuropatía diabética dolorosa afecta aproximadamente al 25% de los pacientes diabéticos, aquellos tratados con insulina y/o hipoglucemiantes orales, y se caracteriza por presentarse como una neuropatía distal simétrica asociada a dolor crónico. Fisiopatología. Generalmente es de causa vascular, que provoca lesión de los nervios sensitivos primarios por hipoxia neuronal y déficit de nutrientes. Síntomas. El inicio suele ser bilateral en dedos y pies. En los casos de origen asimétrico, la progresión es hacia la bilateralidad. Puede progresar gradualmente a pantorrillas y rodillas, en cuyo caso los pacientes pueden notar síntomas álgicos y/o parestesias de forma conjunta en manos y pies (patrón de «guante-calcetín»). Síntomas. El dolor lo describen con diversos términos: urente, eléctrico, profundo. La alodinia y la hiperalgesia son menos comunes. La intensidad del dolor suele empeorar por la noche. Síntomas. Otros síntomas: claudicación vascular, signos disautonómicos (color de la piel y temperatura anormal, sudoración), depresión y ansiedad, trastornos del sueño. Hallazgos físicos. Es característico el déficit sensitivo en «guante-calcetín» y la pérdida o disminución del reflejo aquíleo, aunque algunos pacientes que solo tienen afectación de fibras nerviosas pequeñas pueden tener preservados los reflejos y la sensibilidad vibratoria. Diagnóstico. Es clínico. No hay necesidad de realizar estudios electrofisiológicos cuando la historia y los hallazgos físicos son consistentes con el diagnóstico de neuropatía diabética dolorosa. Historia natural. La historia natural de la neuropatía diabética dolorosa es variable y su curso clínico, impredecible. En algunos pacientes, el dolor puede mejorar después de meses o años, mientras que en otros persiste y empeora. Tratamiento. Debido a la gran variedad de factores causales y contribuyentes en la patogenia de la neuropatía diabética, no existe un tratamiento único satisfactorio. El mantenimiento de una hemoglobina glicosilada entre 6,5 y 7,5% puede enlentecer e incluso prevenir la progresión de la neuropatía. Tratamiento. En la actualidad las recomendaciones de tratamiento de la neuropatía diabética dolorosa se pueden observar en la tabla 5 y figura 1 (AU)


Aetiology. Painful diabetic neuropathy affects approximately 25% of diabetic patients, those treated with insulin and/or glucose lowering drugs, and is characterised by presenting as a distal symmetric neuropathy associated with chronic pain. Pathophysiology. The cause is generally vascular, which produces a lesion of the primary sensory nerves due to neuronal hypoxia and lack of nutrients. Symptoms. The onset is usually bilateral in the toes and feet. In cases where it is asymmetric, it progresses to be bilateral. It can gradually progress to the calves and the knees, in which case the patient may experience symptoms of pain and/or paresthesia both in the hands and feet (“glove-stocking” pattern). Symptoms. They describe the pain using diverse terms: burning, electric, deep, etc. Allodynia and hyperalgesia are less common. The pain intensity is usually gets worse at night. Symptoms. Other symptoms: vascular claudication, dysautonomic signs (skin colour, abnormal temperature, sweating), depression and anxiety, sleep disorders. Physical findings. Sensory loss and the loss or decrease in Achilles tendon reflex is characteristic in “glove-stocking”, although some patients who only have small nerve fibres involvement may have normal reflexes and vibratory sensitivity. Diagnosis. It is clinical. There is no need for electro-physiological studies when the history and physical findings are consistent with the diagnosis of painful diabetic neuropathy. Natural history. The natural history of painful diabetic neuropathy varies and its clinical course unpredictable. In some patients, the pain may improve after months or years, while in others it persists and gets worse. Treatment. Due the great number of causal and contributing factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, there is no single satisfactory treatment. The maintenance of a glycosylated haemoglobin between 6.5 and 7.5% can slow down and even prevent the progression of neuropathy. Treatment. The current treatment recommendations for painful diabetic neuropathy can be seen in table 5 and figure 1 (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neuropatias Diabéticas/complicações , Neuropatias Diabéticas/diagnóstico , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Eletromiografia/métodos , Antidepressivos Tricíclicos/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Hiperalgesia/complicações , Hiperalgesia/diagnóstico , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações do Diabetes/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico
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