Acute kidney injury and point-of-care ultrasound in liver cirrhosis: redefining hepatorenal syndrome.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with cirrhosis is a diagnostic challenge due to multiple and sometimes overlapping possible etiologies. Many times, diagnosis cannot be made based on case history, physical examination or laboratory data, especially when the nephrologist is faced with AKI with a hemodynamic basis, such as hepatorenal syndrome. In addition, the guidelines still include generalized recommendations regarding withdrawal of diuretics and plasma volume expansion with albumin for 48 h, which may be ineffective and counterproductive and may have iatrogenic effects, such as fluid overload and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. For this reason, the use of new tools, such as hemodynamic point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS), allows us to phenotype volume status more accurately and ultimately guide medical treatment in a noninvasive, rapid and individualized manner.

Malat1 affects transcription and splicing through distinct pathways in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Malat1 is a long-noncoding RNA with critical roles in gene regulation and cancer metastasis, however its functional role in stem cells is largely unexplored. We here perform a nuclear knockdown of Malat1 in mouse embryonic stem cells, causing the de-regulation of 320 genes and aberrant splicing of 90 transcripts, some of which potentially affecting the translated protein sequence. We find evidence that Malat1 directly interacts with gene bodies and aberrantly spliced transcripts, and that it locates upstream of down-regulated genes at their putative enhancer regions, in agreement with functional genomics data. Consistent with this, we find these genes affected at both exon and intron levels, suggesting that they are transcriptionally regulated by Malat1. Besides, the down-regulated genes are regulated by specific transcription factors and bear both activating and repressive chromatin marks, suggesting that some of them might be regulated by bivalent promoters. We propose a model in which Malat1 facilitates the transcription of genes involved in chromatid dynamics and mitosis in one pathway, and affects the splicing of transcripts that are themselves involved in RNA processing in a distinct pathway. Lastly, we compare our findings with Malat1 perturbation studies performed in other cell systems and in vivo.

Potentiation of the Antimicrobial Effect of Oxytetracycline Combined with Cinnamon, Clove, Oregano, and Red Thyme Essential Oils against MDR Salmonella enterica Strains.

Tetracyclines have a high resistance percentage in Salmonella spp. of both human and animal origin. Essential oils, such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata), oregano (Origanum vulgare), and red thyme (Thymus zygis), have shown bactericidal activity against this bacterium. However, in many cases, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) exceeds the cytotoxicity limits. The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of combining oxytetracycline with essential these oils against field multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica strains. The MIC of each product was determined using the broth microdilution method. The interaction was evaluated using the checkerboard method, by means of the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICindex) determination. The results showed a positive interaction (synergy and additivity) between oxytetracycline and the four oils tested, resulting in a reduction in both products' MICs by 2 to 4 times their initial value, in the case of oils, and by 2 to 1024 times in the case of the antibiotic. The combination of oxytetracycline and cinnamon achieved the best results (FICindex 0.5), with a decrease in the antibiotic effective concentration to below the sensitivity threshold (MIC of the combined oxytetracycline 0.5 µg/mL). There was no antagonistic effect in any case, although differences in response were observed depending on the bacterial strain. The results of this study suggest that combining oxytetracycline with cinnamon oil could be an effective alternative for controlling tetracycline-resistant strains of Salmonella. However, its individual use should be further evaluated through in vitro susceptibility tests.

Ultra-hypofractionated one-week locoregional radiotherapy for patients with early breast cancer: Acute toxicity results.

Purpose: Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy is the standard of care for all patients with breast cancer, irrespective of stage or prior treatments. While extreme hypofractionation is accepted for early-stage tumours, its application in irradiating locoregional lymph nodes remains controversial. Materials and methods: A prospective registry analysis from July 2020 to September 2023 included 276 patients with early-stage breast cancer treated with one-week ultra-hypofractionation (UHF) at 26 Gy in 5 fractions on the whole breast (58.3 %) or thoracic wall (41.7 %) and ipsilateral regional lymph nodes and simultaneous integrated boost (58.3 %). Primary endpoint was assessment of acute adverse events (AEs). Secondarily, onset of early-delayed toxicity was assessed. A minimum 6-month follow-up was required for assessing potential treatment-related early-delayed complications. Acute or late complications attributable to treatment were assessed at inclusion using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 criteria. Results: With a median follow-up of 19 months (range 1-49 months), 159 (57.6 %) patients reported AEs, predominantly grade (G) 1 (n = 139, 50.4 %) and G2 (n = 20, 7.8 %). Skin acute toxicity was common (G1/2: 134, G3: 14), while breast oedema occurred in 10 patients (G1: 9, G2: 1), and 15.9 % reported breast pain (G1: 42, G2: 2). Ipsilateral arm oedema was observed in 1.8 % patients. For patients with a follow-up beyond 6 months (n = 213), 23.4 % patients reported G1/G2 skin AEs, 8.8 % had G1/G2 breast/chest wall oedema, and 8.9 % experienced arm lymphedema. There were no cases of brachial plexopathy or G3 toxicity in this group of patients. Conclusions: One-week UHF adjuvant locoregional radiation is well-tolerated, displaying low-toxicity profiles comparable to other studies using similar irradiation schedules.

The EASEMENT study: A multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study to evaluate patient preferences, treatment satisfaction, quality of life, and healthcare resource use in patients with multiple myeloma receiving injectable-containing or fully oral therapies.

OBJECTIVE: As multiple myeloma (MM) therapies advance, understanding patients', caregivers', and physicians' perspectives on, and satisfaction with, available treatment options and their impact on quality of life (QoL), is important. METHODS: EASEMENT is a real-world, observational, cross-sectional study conducted in 19 sites within the UK, Canada, and Italy using retrospective chart reviews and surveys. Enrolled patients had clinical history available since diagnosis and had received ≥1 cycle of their current line of therapy. Primary objectives were to describe patient/caregiver QoL (EQ-5D-5L questionnaire), patient preference for oral/injectable therapies (single discrete-choice question), and patient satisfaction (TSQM-9 questionnaire). RESULTS: Between October 2018 and March 2020, 399 patients were enrolled (n = 192 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma [NDMM], n = 206 relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma [RRMM], n = 1 missing). Among NDMM and RRMM patients, 78%/22% and 42%/58% were receiving injectables/orals, respectively. Both NDMM and RRMM patients significantly preferred orals versus injectables (p < .0001). No significant differences were reported in treatment satisfaction or QoL, but treatment convenience favoured orals over injectables with near significance (p = .053). CONCLUSION: MM patients perceived greater convenience and preference for orals versus injectables. Oral treatments are useful for patients who cannot or prefer not to travel to clinics, or cannot perform self-injection within the community.

A rare case of hepatoid gastric adenocarcinoma.

Hepatoid gastric adenocarcinoma (HGA) is a rare subtype of gastric cancer. It usually presents with non-specific digestive tract symptoms and is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. It has radiological and histological similarities to hepatocarcinoma (HCC), and serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is characteristic, as is positive staining for this marker on immunohistochemistry. Given the low incidence and poor prognosis of this type of tumour, it is essential to make a correct differential diagnosis and to initiate early surgical treatment in localised stages and systemic treatment in those where the disease is disseminated. In this context, we present the case of a GHA diagnosed this year in our centre.

Moderate hypofractionated radiation therapy and pathologic response for soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of limbs and trunk: experience from a tertiary cancer center

Background Preoperative radiation therapy following by limb-sparing or conservative surgery is a standard approach for limb and trunk STS. Data supporting hypofractionated radiotherapy schedules are scarce albeit biological sensitivity of STS to radiation would justify it. We sought to evaluate the impact of moderate hypofractionation on pathologic response and its influence on oncologic outcomes. Material and methods From October 2018 to January 2023, 18 patients with limb or trunk STS underwent preoperative radiotherapy at a median dose of 52.5 Gy (range 49.5–60 Gy) in 15 fractions of 3.5 Gy (3.3-4 Gy) with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A favorable pathologic response (fPR) was considered as ≥ 90% tumor necrosis on specimen examination. Results All patients completed planned preoperative radiotherapy. Eleven patients (61.1%) achieved a fPR, and 7 patients (36.8%) a complete pathologic response with total disappearance of tumor cells. Nine patients (47%) developed grade 1–2 acute skin toxicity, and 7 patients (38.8%) had wound complications on follow-up. With a median follow-up of 14 months (range 1–40), no cases of local relapse were observed, and actuarial 3-year overall survival (OS) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) are 87% and 76.4%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the presence of a favorable pathologic response (fPR) was associated with improved 3-year OS (100% vs. 56.03%, p = 0.058) and 3-year DMFS (86.91% vs. 31.46%, p = 0.002). Moreover, both complete or partial RECIST response and radiological stabilization of the tumor lesion showed a significant association with higher rates of 3-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (83% vs. 83% vs. 56%, p < 0.001) and 3-year overall survival (OS) (100% vs. 80% vs. 0, p = 0.002) (AU)

Complications Secondary to the Use Of Sglt2 Inhibitors in Oncological Patients: A Series of 5 Cases.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (iSGLT2) inhibitors, which include dapagliflozin, canagliflozin and empagliflozin, are a class of drugs initially used in the oral treatment of diabetes, heart failure and renal failure. They target the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney. Although they bring benefit to patients with these conditions and in general produce few adverse effects, in some cases, iSGLT2 can cause serious adverse effects such as metabolic acidosis, and fungal or bacterial urinary infections. Oncology patients, who in general have a weak immune system and are usually treated with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy, are more susceptible to this type of adverse events than other patients. For this reason, it is necessary to adequately select the patients eligible to receive this type of drug and evaluate the potential benefits for them. In this series of five cases, we present two cases of metabolic acidosis, two cases of bacterial urinary sepsis, and one case of fungal urinary sepsis that occurred in patients admitted to the Medical Oncology Department of the University Hospital of Salamanca in 2023. LEARNING POINTS: Adverse events associated with iSGLT2 can lead to serious complications in immunocompromised patients. There have been cases of prolonged admissions with high morbidity and mortality due to bacterial or fungal infections and metabolic acidosis, all of which are side effects derived from their use.In oncology patients, an adequate evaluation of the risk-benefit balance must be conducted before the introduction of new drugs.Studies should be conducted to assess the risk of serious adverse effects in oncology patients undergoing treatment with chemotherapy or immunotherapy.

The landscape of long non-coding RNA expression in the goat brain.

The brain regulates multiple metabolic processes, such as food intake, energy expenditure, insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and glucose/fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue, which are fundamental for the maintenance of energy and glucose homeostasis during lactation and pregnancy. Besides, brain expression has a fundamental impact on the development of maternal behavior. Although brain functions are partly regulated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), their expression profiles have not been characterized in depth in any ruminant species. We have sequenced the transcriptome of 12 brain tissues from 3 1-mo pregnant and 4 non-pregnant goats to investigate their lncRNA expression patterns. Between 4,363 (adenohypophysis) and 4,604 (olfactory bulb) lncRNAs were expressed in brain tissues, leading to establish a set of 794 already annotated lncRNAs and 5,098 novel lncRNA candidates. The detected lncRNAs shared features with those of other mammals, and tissue-specific lncRNAs were enriched in brain development-related terms. Differential expression analyses between 1 mo-pregnant and non-pregnant goats showed that the lncRNA expression profiles of certain brain regions experience substantial changes associated with early pregnancy (238 lncRNAs are differentially expressed in the olfactory bulb), while others do not. Enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed lncRNAs from the olfactory bulb are co-expressed with genes previously linked to behavioral changes related to pregnancy. These findings provide a first characterization of the landscape of lncRNA expression in the goat brain and provides valuable clues to understand the molecular events triggered by early pregnancy in the central nervous system.

Moderate hypofractionated radiation therapy and pathologic response for soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of limbs and trunk: experience from a tertiary cancer center.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative radiation therapy following by limb-sparing or conservative surgery is a standard approach for limb and trunk STS. Data supporting hypofractionated radiotherapy schedules are scarce albeit biological sensitivity of STS to radiation would justify it. We sought to evaluate the impact of moderate hypofractionation on pathologic response and its influence on oncologic outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From October 2018 to January 2023, 18 patients with limb or trunk STS underwent preoperative radiotherapy at a median dose of 52.5 Gy (range 49.5-60 Gy) in 15 fractions of 3.5 Gy (3.3-4 Gy) with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A favorable pathologic response (fPR) was considered as ≥ 90% tumor necrosis on specimen examination. RESULTS: All patients completed planned preoperative radiotherapy. Eleven patients (61.1%) achieved a fPR, and 7 patients (36.8%) a complete pathologic response with total disappearance of tumor cells. Nine patients (47%) developed grade 1-2 acute skin toxicity, and 7 patients (38.8%) had wound complications on follow-up. With a median follow-up of 14 months (range 1-40), no cases of local relapse were observed, and actuarial 3-year overall survival (OS) and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) are 87% and 76.4%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, the presence of a favorable pathologic response (fPR) was associated with improved 3-year OS (100% vs. 56.03%, p = 0.058) and 3-year DMFS (86.91% vs. 31.46%, p = 0.002). Moreover, both complete or partial RECIST response and radiological stabilization of the tumor lesion showed a significant association with higher rates of 3-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (83% vs. 83% vs. 56%, p < 0.001) and 3-year overall survival (OS) (100% vs. 80% vs. 0, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative moderate hypofractionated radiation treatment for STS is feasible and well tolerated and associates encouraging rates of pathologic response that could have a favorable impact on final outcomes.

Weather and electrical demand and consumption data of a small Mexican community.

The development of novel technologies to mitigate the effects of climate change through Smart Grids requires energy related data. Unfortunately, this type of data is not always available in Mexico, especially from non-large urban areas and at the household level. Therefore, we present a dataset that contains electrical demand and consumption time series of 5 households within a small community in Mexico, at various resolutions, as well as weather data. The electrical demand is given in 15 min resolution, while the electrical consumption is presented in both hourly and daily resolutions. The data is contained within 15 separate .csv files; one for each household's resolution. In turn, the weather data is given in two .csv files (for outdoor and indoor variables, respectively) that together contain 24 meteorological variables measured in a 5 min resolution that is not always consistent. The dataset comprises of two separate folders that contain either the electrical demand and consumption files or the weather files. This dataset could aid in the development of novel smart grid methods and algorithms that might be able to push the energy transition in Mexico and other developing countries forward.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for spinal metastases: 12 years of a single center experience

Objective To assess the clinical outcomes of patients with spine metastases treated with SBRT at our institution. Materials and methods Patients with spine metastases treated with SBRT (1 fraction/18 Gy or 5 fractions/7 Gy) during the last 12 years have been analyzed. All patients were simulated supine in a vacuum cushion or with a shoulder mask. CT scans and MRI image registration were performed. Contouring was based on International Spine-Radiosurgery-Consortium-Consensus-Guidelines. Highly conformal-techniques (IMRT/VMAT) were used for treatment planning. Intra and interfraction (CBCT or X-Ray-ExacTrac) verification were mandatory. Results From February 2010 to January 2022, 129 patients with spinal metastases were treated with SBRT [1 fraction/18 Gy (75%) or 5 fractions/7 Gy] (25%). For patients with painful metastases (74/129:57%), 100% experienced an improvement in pain after SBRT. With a median follow-up of 14.2 months (average 22.9; range 0.5–140) 6 patients (4.6%) experienced local relapse. Local progression-free survival was different, considering metastases’s location (p < 0.04). The 1, 2 and 3 years overall survival (OS) were 91.2%, 85.1% and 83.2%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better for patients with spine metastases of breast and prostate cancers compared to other tumors (p < 0.05) and significantly worse when visceral metastases were present (p < 0.05), when patients were metastatic de novo (p < 0.05), and in those patients receiving single fraction SBRT (p: 0.01). Conclusions According to our experience, SBRT for patients with spinal metastases was effective in terms of local control and useful to reach pain relief. Regarding the intent of the treatment, an adequate selection of patients is essential to propose this ablative approach (AU)

Late recurrence of lobular breast carcinoma presented as gastric metastasis.

A 81-year-old woman with a history of mild chronic heart failure and invasive lobular breast carcinoma pT2N0M0 diagnosed in 2009 and treated by mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole until 2016. Since then the patient has been disease-free. She presented to the Emergency Room in April 2023 due to severe postprandial epigastric pain and a 7 kg weight loss in the last 3 months. Abdominal computed tomography was performed showing thickening of the gastric antrum and proximal duodenum walls, peritoneal implants and ascites that suggested primary gastric tumor or lymphoma as the first possibility. An endoscopic ultrasound was schedule, performing a biopsy of the gastric lesion and placing a Hot-Axios® stent. The sample showed infiltration by lobular breast carcinoma CK7 (+), CK20 (-), CDX2 (-), GATA3 (+) GCDFP15 (+) RE (+) RP (-) HER2 (-). Treatment with capecitabine was started, with which it continues currently.

Feasibility and Short-Term SpO2/FiO2 Changes in Hospitalized Adults with COVID-19 Pneumonia after Chest Physiotherapy with Threshold PEP Valve: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: One of the main features of COVID-19 pneumonia is hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (ARF), often requiring ventilatory support. The influence of chest physiotherapy in patients with ARF is not extensively studied. The aim of the study was to analyze the short-time effects of chest physiotherapy using a 10 cm H2O threshold valve in patients with COVID-19 and ARF. Methods; Quasi-experimental cross-sectional study, in hospitalized patients from March to May 2020. The fractions of inspired oxygen, oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate and dyspnea were collected before and after the starting session (day 1) and after the 5th day of therapy. RESULTS: The final sample size included 125 patients. Significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in the pre-post intervention SpO2/FiO2 ratio (250 ± 88.4 vs. 275.6 ± 97.5, p < 0.001), reaching 354.4 ± 110.2 after 5 days of therapy (p < 0.001 with respect to the baseline). The respiratory and heart rate dyspnea level did not change during the intervention. In patients needing FiO2 > 0.4, the SpO2/FiO2 ratio improvement was higher than in patients with milder severity (46.85 ± 77.69, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Chest physiotherapy with a 10 cm H2O threshold valve seems to be a safe and tolerated intervention with short-term improvement in oxygenation in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Cardiotoxicity Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Elderly: Safety in Real-World Data.

INTRODUCTION: Immunotherapy represents a key pillar of cancer treatments, with high response rates and long survival. Its use is increasing, mainly at the expense of the geriatric population due to the ageing of this population. However, despite its benefit, its safety in certain areas such as cardiotoxicity is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to assess the safety of immunotherapy in elderly patients using real-world data. METHODS: This is an ambispective study of patients ≥ 70 years old with solid tumours who were treated with immunotherapy at the University Hospital of Salamanca. Cardiotoxicity was assessed using the CTCAEv5.0 criteria. RESULTS: In total, 195 patients were included (76.9% male and 23.1% female), with a mean age of 75 years [70-93]. The percentage of patients with cardiotoxicity was 1.54%; 1.35% of patients with previous heart disease were diagnosed with cardiotoxicity, and 1.65% of those without previous heart disease were diagnosed with cardiotoxicity. The median time from the initiation of treatment until the cardiac event was 45 days [14-96]. The most frequent toxicity was myocarditis in 66.7% of patients, followed by arrhythmias in 33.3% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Immunotherapy is shown to be a safe treatment in elderly cancer patients in terms of cardiotoxicity. The event rate shows no difference between patients with or without cardiac comorbidity.

Detection of transcriptome-wide microRNA-target interactions in single cells with agoTRIBE.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exert their gene regulatory effects on numerous biological processes based on their selection of target transcripts. Current experimental methods available to identify miRNA targets are laborious and require millions of cells. Here we have overcome these limitations by fusing the miRNA effector protein Argonaute2 to the RNA editing domain of ADAR2, allowing the detection of miRNA targets transcriptome-wide in single cells. miRNAs guide the fusion protein to their natural target transcripts, causing them to undergo A>I editing, which can be detected by sensitive single-cell RNA sequencing. We show that agoTRIBE identifies functional miRNA targets, which are supported by evolutionary sequence conservation. In one application of the method we study microRNA interactions in single cells and identify substantial differential targeting across the cell cycle. AgoTRIBE also provides transcriptome-wide measurements of RNA abundance and allows the deconvolution of miRNA targeting in complex tissues at the single-cell level.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: from current perspectives to future treatments-a systematic review.

Background: The introduction of immunotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has resulted in a radical change in patients' treatment responses and survival rates. The increased percentage of long survivors, improved toxicity profiles compared to chemotherapy, and the possible applications for different NSCLC scenarios, have led to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) becoming the cornerstone of NSCLC treatment. Therefore, the objective of this review is to describe the current and future perspectives of NSCLC treatment. Methods: A systematic review according to the PRISMA criteria has been performed based on clinical trials with immunotherapy in NSCLC from the start of these treatments until June 2022. Results: The use of ICIs is widespread across both first- and second-line treatments with anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 drugs. New indications for immunotherapy in NSCLC have focused on adjuvant (atezolizumab) and neoadjuvant (nivolumab), with ICIs now present in all stages of NSCLC treatment. Given the promising results seen in clinical trials, new ICIs [anti- lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) or IDO1] currently under development, will soon be used as standard treatment for NSCLC. Conclusions: Immunotherapy is the mainstay of NSCLC treatment in all stages, including adjuvant, neoadjuvant and advanced tumors. The development of new molecules will revolutionize the treatment of NSCLC in the coming years.

Oral Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotyping Among a Healthy Adult Population in the US.

Importance: In the US, oropharyngeal cancer, predominantly caused by high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, is the most frequent HPV-associated cancer, surpassing cervical cancer. However, little is known about oral HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in the general population. Objective: To assess oral HPV prevalence and factors associated with HR and low-risk infection in a general US population. Design, Setting, and Participants: PROGRESS (Prevalence of Oral HPV Infection, a Global Assessment) was a cross-sectional observational study conducted between November 2021 and March 2022 in 43 dental offices in the US (24 urban, 13 urban cluster, and 6 rural sites), spanning 21 states. Eligible participants were aged 18 to 60 years, visiting dental clinics for routine dental examination. Dental clinics used targeted sampling to recruit equal distributions of men and women and across age groups. Exposure: Participants provided an oral gargle specimen for HPV DNA and genotyping and completed behavioral questionnaires, and dentists reported oral health status. Detection of HPV DNA and genotyping was performed using the SPF10/DEIA/LiPA25 system at a central laboratory. Main Outcome: Oral HPV prevalence. Results: Of the 3196 participants enrolled, mean (SD) age was 39.6 (12.1) years, and 55.5% were women. Oral HPV prevalence was 6.6% (95% CI, 5.7%-7.4%) for any HPV genotype, and 2.0% (95% CI, 1.5%-2.5%), 0.7% (95% CI, 0.4%-1.0%), and 1.5% (95% CI, 1.1%-1.9%) for HR, HPV-16, and 9-valent-HPV vaccine types, respectively. Among HPV-positive participants, HPV-16 was the most prevalent genotype (12.4% among men and 8.6% among women). Prevalence of HPV was higher in men than women and highest among men aged 51 to 60 years (16.8%, 6.8%, and 2.1% for any HPV, HR HPV, and HPV-16, respectively). Factors associated with HR oral infection included being male (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.1; 95% CI, 1.2-8.5), being aged 51 to 60 years (AOR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.5-7.3), having 26 or more lifetime male sex partners (AOR, 6.5; 95% CI, 2.3-18.7), and having 6 to 25 lifetime female oral sex partners (AOR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3-8.7). Conclusions and Relevance: In this cross-sectional study, oral HPV burden was highest among older men who may be at higher risk of developing oropharyngeal cancer. In addition to male sex and older age, HR oral HPV infection was also associated with sexual behaviors, including increasing number of male sex partners and female oral sex partners.