RESUMO
The authors review the biomechanics of cycling and discuss the ideal cyclist's morphology. Examination of the cyclist when resting and when cycling is described. A variety of overuse injuries commonly sustained by cyclists are reviewed, and strategies for altering the cyclist's mechanics to relieve the pain are described. Because the bicycle and the cyclist must be considered as a unit, this article offers instruction for adjusting the bicycle as well as the cyclist.
Assuntos
Ciclismo/lesões , Ciclismo/fisiologia , Traumatismos da Perna/etiologia , Perna (Membro)/fisiologia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Pé/fisiologia , Humanos , Traumatismos da Perna/diagnóstico , Traumatismos da Perna/fisiopatologia , Aparelhos Ortopédicos , Exame Físico , Podiatria , SapatosRESUMO
The author has proposed a method of evaluation for predicting the effectiveness of functional foot orthoses to significantly alter foot motion of the excessively pronating or pronated foot during gait. This is not a method to determine when symptomatic relief will occur because pain secondary to poor foot mechanics usually is relieved prior to obvious gait alterations. An accurate prognosis based on structural geometry and intrinsic stability is important when deciding between surgery and purely mechanical therapy to alter foot mechanics.
Assuntos
Pé/fisiologia , Marcha , Aparelhos Ortopédicos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Pé/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Prognóstico , Pronação , RadiografiaRESUMO
A quantitative diagnostic technique is described for identifying contracture at the ankle joint in patients with equinus deformity, hence addressing the shortcoming of the conventional clinical diagnostic procedure. To gain a better understanding of how contracture contributes to equinus deformity, a study was designed that compared the torque about the ankle joint before and after administering a tibial nerve block to equinus patients and to a control group. Functional equinus, manifested by walking and early heel rise, is defined as inadequate dorsiflexion for normal gait. The ability to accurately identify an equinus condition, and contracture as the contributing factor in equinus deformity, has important implications for the type of treatment prescribed and the evaluation of treatment effectiveness.