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1.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 55: e12351, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36629524

RESUMO

In cycling, there is a body of evidence that supports that an all-out start strategy is superior to an even-pacing strategy, but it is unknown whether an all-out start strategy is superior to a self-paced strategy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance. After preliminary trials (familiarization trials and a baseline 4-km cycling time trial), in a randomized and counterbalanced order, twelve male cyclists (32.3±7.2 years old, maximum rate of O2 uptake (V̇O2peak) 4.3±0.4 L/min) completed: 1) a self-paced 4-km cycling time trial; 2) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by maintenance of the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+mean); and 3) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by a power 5% above the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+5%mean). Although there was a significant interaction between power and distance (P=0.001) with different power distribution profiles throughout the trial, there was no significant difference (P=0.99) between the three strategies for overall exercise performance (self-paced 379.8±13.9 s, all-out+mean 380.0±16.0 s, and all-out+5%mean 380.2±11.5 s). Oxygen uptake, rating of perceived effort, and heart rate were also similar across the pacing strategies. Different all-out start strategies did not confer additional benefits to performance compared to a self-paced strategy.


Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Exercício Físico , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Desempenho Atlético/fisiologia , Ciclismo/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Teste de Esforço , Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia
2.
Rev. bras. pesqui. méd. biol ; Braz. j. med. biol. res;55: e12351, 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420742

RESUMO

In cycling, there is a body of evidence that supports that an all-out start strategy is superior to an even-pacing strategy, but it is unknown whether an all-out start strategy is superior to a self-paced strategy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance. After preliminary trials (familiarization trials and a baseline 4-km cycling time trial), in a randomized and counterbalanced order, twelve male cyclists (32.3±7.2 years old, maximum rate of O2 uptake (V̇O2peak) 4.3±0.4 L/min) completed: 1) a self-paced 4-km cycling time trial; 2) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by maintenance of the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+mean); and 3) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by a power 5% above the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+5%mean). Although there was a significant interaction between power and distance (P=0.001) with different power distribution profiles throughout the trial, there was no significant difference (P=0.99) between the three strategies for overall exercise performance (self-paced 379.8±13.9 s, all-out+mean 380.0±16.0 s, and all-out+5%mean 380.2±11.5 s). Oxygen uptake, rating of perceived effort, and heart rate were also similar across the pacing strategies. Different all-out start strategies did not confer additional benefits to performance compared to a self-paced strategy.

3.
J Dairy Sci ; 102(9): 8546-8558, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31301834

RESUMO

In the semi-arid highlands of central Mexico, triticale (× Triticosecale L.) is emerging as an alternative, less water-demanding forage crop than alfalfa for dairy cattle. Studies reported here were aimed at evaluating triticale hay (TH) relative to alfalfa hay (AH) for lactating cow performance, apparent digestibility, N partition, and ruminal degradation kinetics of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Study 1 was conducted on a privately owned farm. Four barns were used to conduct 4 replicated 3 × 3 Latin squares (1 barn = 1 square), where each barn included 3 pens (experimental units) receiving 1 of 3 dietary treatments. Each pen had 62 Holstein dairy cows. All diets included a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 42:58 (DM basis), which is typical for intensive dairy farms of the region. Dietary treatments were formulated to replace AH with TH on a CP basis, and included (DM basis) 15.1% AH and 0% TH, 9.0% AH and 7.4% TH, and 0% AH and 16.4% TH. Diets were iso-energetic (1.64 Mcal of net energy for lactation/kg of DM) and iso-nitrogenous (17.9% CP). Pen-level DM intake and milk production were from all cows in the pen, but pen-level milk composition, apparent digestibility, and N partitioning were from 8 cows (observational units) randomly selected in each pen. Orthogonal contrasts were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of increasing TH from 0 to 7.4, and 16.4% of dietary DM. Although DM intake was not affected, there was a tendency for CP intake to decline linearly and for NDF intake to increased linearly as TH replaced AH in the diet. Milk production declined linearly by 0.077 kg/d for each additional percentage unit of TH in the diet, which amounted to a 3.5% decline when TH replaced AH entirely. However, no effect was observed on energy-corrected milk production because of a compensatory linear effect of increasing milk fat concentration with the incorporation of TH in the diet. Total-tract NDF digestibility tended to increase linearly by 18.5%, but no differences were detected for urinary urea-N excretion and for N utilization estimated as milk N/(fecal N + urinary N + milk N). Study 2 was an in situ trial conducted to determine the degradation kinetics of AH and TH used in study 1. In spite of differences in degradation kinetics parameters for DM, CP, and NDF, only NDF effective ruminal degradation tended to be greater for TH than AH. Replacing AH with TH at the level typically found in intensive dairy farms of the semi-arid regions of Mexico had minimal effects on milk production and N utilization.


Assuntos
Bovinos/fisiologia , Lactação/fisiologia , Medicago sativa , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Triticale , Ração Animal , Animais , Clima , Indústria de Laticínios/métodos , Dieta/veterinária , Fibras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Digestão , Feminino , Medicago sativa/metabolismo , México , Leite/química , Zea mays/metabolismo
4.
In. Rigol Ricardo, Orlando; Santiesteban Alba, Stalina. Obstetricia y ginecología. La Habana, ECIMED, 3ra.ed; 2014. , tab.
Monografia em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-58184
5.
Inflamm Res ; 61(4): 367-73, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22270621

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Sodium caseinate (CasNa) induces differentiation and M-CSF production in mouse band granulocytes in vitro; however, it is not yet known if this molecule can also induce the proliferation and activation of the granulocyte lineage in vivo. In this work we evaluated the induction in vivo of granulopoiesis and the activation of granulocytes in mice treated with CasNa. MATERIAL OR SUBJECTS: BALB/c male mice 8-12 weeks old were used. TREATMENT: The animals were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 ml of CasNa (10% in PBS p/v) four times (every 48 h). METHODS: Granulocyte proliferation was evaluated by flow cytometry; activation was evaluated by phagocytic indices. The cytokine was measured using an ELISA assay. RESULTS: We show that CasNa increased bone marrow granulopoiesis percentage (38.35 ± 10.88 vs. 64.94 ± 34.14 BrdU+/Gr-1+ cells) and the granulocytes generated presented increased phagocytic indices (0.3 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.11, p < 0.05). We also show that G-CSF (974 ± 411 vs. 3189 ± 350 pg/ml, p < 0.05) and GM-CSF increased in serum, but only G-CSF in bone marrow plasma. CONCLUSIONS: CasNa induces granulopoiesis with functional granulocytes, suggesting that this molecule could be an innate immune system activator.


Assuntos
Caseínas/farmacologia , Granulócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores Imunológicos/farmacologia , Mielopoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Candida albicans , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/sangue , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos e Macrófagos/sangue , Granulócitos/citologia , Granulócitos/fisiologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Fagocitose/efeitos dos fármacos
7.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 14(4): 45-50, oct.-dic. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-531060

RESUMO

El craniofaringioma es una neplasia epitelial benigna usualmente de origen supraselar, considerado un tumor hipofisiario de crecimiento lento, puede causar varios grados de hipopituitarismo. En este artículo se describe un caso manejado en el Hospital Dr. Patrocinio Peñuela Ruíz (IVSS) y se realiza una revisión bibliográfica acerca de la presentación, patología y tratamiento. Escolar masculino de 8 años, inicia enfermedad de 1 mes de evolución caracterizada por cefalea frontal de moderada intensidad, disminución de la agudeza visual, movimientos reiterativos a predominio de hemicuerpo derecho. En una primera intervención se coloca válvula de derivación ventrículo peritoneal por hidrocefalia obstructiva: al mes y medio se realizó exéresis completa del tumor mediante abordaje transcalloso. La evolución postoperatoria fue de difícil manejo por presentar alteraciones metabólicas e hidroelectrolíticas. En RMN se evidencia ausencia total del tumor. El trastorno hidroelectrol¡tico se mantuvo a pesar del tratamiento médico: 24 días después del acto quirúrgico, fallece por hipernatremia incohercible. La lesión apareció en nuestro paciente a los 8 años, como una tumoración de 6 por 4 cm. La clínica se presenta 1 mes antes de su ingreso, caracterizada por cefalea, trastornos visuales, movimientos repetitivos a predominio de hemicuerpo derecho sin alteraciones endocrinas al momento del diagnóstico. Mediante abordaje quirúrgico transcalloso se pudo resecar totalmente una tumoración que histopatológicamente determinó un adamantinoma. Sin embargo, el manejo multidisciplinario es condición sine cua non para terminar de lograr el éxito quirúrgico en cirugías tan d¡fíciles como la del paciente.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Cefaleia/diagnóstico , Hipopituitarismo/etiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/etiologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/cirurgia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/patologia , Acuidade Visual , Células Epiteliais/citologia , Craniofaringioma/patologia , Neoplasias Hipofisárias/mortalidade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos/métodos
8.
In. Rigol Ricardo, Orlando. Obstetricia y ginecología. La Habana, Ecimed, 2004. , tab.
Monografia em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-48563
9.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol ; 280(5): H2136-43, 2001 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11299215

RESUMO

In isovolumic blood-perfused dog hearts, left ventricular developed pressure (DP) was recorded while a sudden ventricular dilation was promoted at three heart rate (HR) levels: low (L: 52 +/- 1.7 beats/min), intermediate (M: 82 +/- 2.2 beats/min), and high (H: 117 +/- 3.5 beats/min). DP increased instantaneously with chamber expansion (Delta(1)DP), and another continuous increase occurred for several minutes (Delta(2)DP). HR elevation did not alter Delta(1)DP (32.8 +/- 1.6, 33.6 +/- 1.5, and 34.3 +/- 1.2 mmHg for L, M, and H, respectively), even though it intensified Delta(2)DP (17.3 +/- 0.9, 20.7 +/- 1.0, and 26.8 +/- 1.2 mmHg for L, M, and H, respectively), meaning that the treppe phenomenon enhances the length dependence of the contraction component related to changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Frequency increments reduced the half time of the slow response (82 +/- 3.6, 67 +/- 2.6, and 53 +/- 2.0 s for L, M, and H, respectively), while the number of beats included in half time increased (72 +/- 2.9, 95 +/- 2.9, and 111 +/- 3.2 beats for L, M, and H, respectively). HR modulation of the slow response suggests that L-type Ca(2+) channel currents and/or the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger plays a relevant role in the stretch-triggered Ca(2+) gain when HR increases in the canine heart.


Assuntos
Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Contração Miocárdica/fisiologia , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Animais , Cateterismo , Cães , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Tempo de Reação/fisiologia
10.
Gene ; 173(2): 183-7, 1996 Sep 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8964496

RESUMO

A kinetic analysis of secretion of lipo-chitin oligosaccharides (LCO) produced by Rhizobium etli (Re) wild-type (wt) strain and derivatives carrying disrupted nodI or nodJ genes was performed. LCO were detected in the growth media of the wt strain as early as 1 h after nod gene induction. In contrast, strains carrying nodI or nodJ mutations secreted less LCO, and accumulated LCO metabolites intracellularly after 4 h of induction. These Re mutants presented a delayed nodulation phenotype and a reduction in the maximum number of nodules formed in Phaseolus vulgaris roots.


Assuntos
Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP , Antígenos de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Quitina/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/metabolismo , Rhizobium/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Transporte Biológico , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Fabaceae/microbiologia , Genes Bacterianos , Cinética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras , Mutação , Fixação de Nitrogênio , Plantas Medicinais , Rhizobium/genética
11.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 42(5): 429-40, 1990 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2111098

RESUMO

The association between infection with Trypanosoma cruzi and the development of electrocardiographic alterations and mortality was studied longitudinally for 9 years in a population residing in an endemic area in Castro Alves, Bahia, Brazil. Annual censuses were begun in 1973. At 3 year intervals from 1974 to 1983, the population was examined serologically and subjected to electrocardiography using standardized techniques. Of 1,751 individuals registered during the 10 censuses, 1,541 (88%) were examined serologically at least once. Of 747 individuals in constant residence and originally seronegative, 24 were seropositive upon subsequent evaluation, giving a seroconversion rate of 4.92/1,000 person-years (PY). The overall rate of development of an abnormal ECG was 25.7/1,000 PY for seropositive individuals and 12.5/1,000 PY for seronegative individuals, a relative risk of 2. The 10-14-year-old seropositive group had the highest risk of developing ECG abnormalities (24.1/1,000 PY, relative risk = 3.5). The age-adjusted mortality rate of seropositive individuals was slightly higher than for seronegative individuals (8.9 vs. 7.8/1,000 PY). In sero-positive individuals, mortality was strongly associated with the presence of ventricular conduction defects and arrhythmias. Ventricular conduction defects appeared most frequently in younger individuals. Older individuals presented the highest risk of development of frequent and multifocal extrasystoles.


Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , População Rural , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/análise , Brasil/epidemiologia , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/mortalidade , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/fisiopatologia , Doença de Chagas/mortalidade , Doença de Chagas/fisiopatologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia
12.
Rev. cienc. med. 3 dic ; 2(2): 22-6, mayo.-ago. 1988. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-17431

RESUMO

Se estudiaron 954 lactantes de 6 a 11 meses de edad, 623 de los cuales que representan el 65,3 porciento del total presentaron anemia, predominaron las formas más leves de ésta. Las diferencias encontradas en los valores de hemoglobina de los pacientes de los distintos servicios no fueron sinificativos (x2 11,42). En 214 para el 82,3 porciento de los pacientes anemicos estudiados se encontró déficit de hierro; la anemia frerripriva fue más frecuentes en los pacientes con las formas más severa de anemia. En el servicio de Gastro el déficit de hierro fue la causa de la anemia en el 93,2 porciento de los niños, mayor al encontrado en los restantes servicios. (AU)


Assuntos
Lactente , Anemia/epidemiologia
13.
Rev. Cienc. Med. 3 Dic ; 2(2): 22-26, mayo.-ago. 1988. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-32405

RESUMO

Se estudiaron 954 lactantes de 6 a 11 meses de edad, 623 de los cuales que representan el 65,3 porciento del total presentaron anemia, predominaron las formas más leves de ésta. Las diferencias encontradas en los valores de hemoglobina de los pacientes de los distintos servicios no fueron sinificativos (x2 11,42). En 214 para el 82,3 porciento de los pacientes anémicos estudiados se encontró déficit de hierro; la anemia ferripriva fue más frecuentes en los pacientes con las formas más severa de anemia. En el servicio de Gastro el déficit de hierro fue la causa de la anemia en el 93,2 porciento de los niños, mayor al encontrado en los restantes servicios. (AU)


Assuntos
Lactente , Anemia/epidemiologia , Anemia Ferropriva/epidemiologia
14.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 33(5): 820-6, 1984 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6435462

RESUMO

The relationship of symptoms and radiographic abnormalities suggestive of esophageal motility disorders with electrocardiographic (ECG) alterations and seroreactivity to Trypanosoma cruzi was studied in a defined population in a rural area endemic for Chagas' disease in Bahia, Brazil. Between January and June 1981, 680 individuals 5 years of age or older were examined with serologic tests, ECGs and questionnaires for esophageal motility disorder. Of these, 39.9% were seropositive for Chagas' disease. Symptoms of dysphagia occurred 2.5 times more frequently among seropositive individuals than among seronegative individuals. Radiographic esophageal abnormalities were 3.6 times more frequent among seropositive individuals than among seronegative individuals in the symptomatic group. Symptoms and radiographic abnormalities were more common in men than in women although this was not statistically significant. Among seropositive individuals the percentage with symptoms of dysphagia increased with age, with a peak prevalence rate of 23.9% in the 45- to 64-year-old age group. Also, in the seropositive group, 41.7% with X-ray abnormalities of the esophagus and 26.3% with symptoms of dysphagia presented an abnormal ECG.


Assuntos
Anticorpos/análise , Doença de Chagas/imunologia , Doenças do Esôfago/imunologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Doença de Chagas/complicações , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eletrocardiografia , Doenças do Esôfago/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Esôfago/etiologia , Doenças do Esôfago/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Saúde da População Rural
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