Rehabilitation and follow up of a Case of Periodontitis - Generalized, Stage IV, Grade B, Progressive, and with no Risk Factors.

Periodontitis results in loss of periodontal attachment. This case report focuses on diagnosing a special case of periodontitis that required extreme care and maintenance. The peculiarities of this case are that based on 1999 American Academy of Periodontology classification this is a case of generalized aggressive periodontitis, but as per the recent 2017 classification, this is a case of periodontitis - generalized, Stage IV, Grade B, progressive and with no risk factors. Although this case is ideal for surgical management using regenerative techniques, it has been limited to mechanical therapy and laser due to patient-related economical factors. Within the limitations, this case has been successfully managed by dental laser and strategic implants. Despite all the limitations, 1-year follow-up shows periodontal stability and bone regeneration as evidenced through series of panoramic radiographs (OPG).

Smartphone addiction and its impact on knowledge, cognitive and psychomotor skills among dental students in India: An observational study.

BACKGROUND: Addictive behavior toward the use of smartphones has turned out to be a commonly present phenomenon in this digital era. An individual's overindulgence in smartphone devices has turned into an obsessive and compulsive disorder. This addiction has been found to influence the physical, social, and psychological wellbeing of the studied population. This observational study aimed to assess smartphone addiction and its impact on knowledge, cognitive, and psychomotor skills in students pursuing dentistry in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective and cross-sectional survey-based study comprised 100 dental undergraduate students who were selected by a random sampling technique. The age range of subjects ranged between 18 and 22 years with equal gender distribution (50 each male and female). A prevalidated questionnaire containing 30 items encompassing five variables, that is, applications related to healthcare, entertainment, shopping, communication, and education were used to assess the response. Based on scores, patients were categorized as addicted or with no addiction. For evaluating the knowledge, cognitive, and psychomotor skills of students, theory-based examinations were held in different subjects as per the semester year of selected students while psychomotor skills were assessed by conducting clinical or preclinical examinations conducted by two separate examiners who following mutual agreement were assigned appropriate scores. All scores were categorized into four grades, that is, from grades I to VI. RESULTS: Students with smartphone addiction exhibited lower performance in both theory-based and clinical/preclinical assessment examinations with a majority of them scoring grade III or IV. CONCLUSION: Smartphone addiction reduces the academic knowledge, cognitive, and psychomotor skills of dental students.

Effect of periostin in peri-implant sulcular fluid and gingival crevicular fluid: A comparative study.

Background: Various similarities have been observed between gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF). This has resulted in research that has evaluated similar biological fluid markers that are similar to those present within the gingival sulcus. These biomarkers have high sensitivity and are a reliable biological tool when compared to clinical and/or radiographic examination and aid in diagnosis as well as monitoring the progression of periodontal disease surrounding teeth as well as the implants. Aim: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of periostin in peri-implant sulcular and gingival crevicular fluids. Materials and Methods: This experimental prospective in vitro analysis was done following clearance by the institutional ethical committee. A total of 100 patients were selected. They were categorized into two groups: (I) Group A patients had peri-implant disease (n = 50), whereas (II) Group B patients had periodontitis (n = 50). Clinical loss of attachment score was noted in six sites around natural teeth and four sites around the implants. Presterilized filter paper strips were inserted within the sulcus/pocket till pressure was felt for 60 s. Periostin concentration levels in GCF and PISF samples were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Statistical analysis of data collected was performed using Shapiro-Wilk statistical tool for normally distributed numerical data. . Results: Mean ± standard deviation concentration of periostin in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis cases was recorded as 20.15 ± 2.76 ng/30sn, whereas in PISF was 19.23 ± 1.89 ng/30sn. On statistical analysis, no statistically significant differences were seen after comparing the concentration of periostin in periodontitis as well as peri-implantitis groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study analyzed periostin levels in gingival crevicular fluid obtained from patients diagnosed with periodontitis and sulcular fluid obtained from the sulcus around implants. Early biological markers or indicators of inflammation should be studied to determine the prognosis of treatment apart from the clinical assessment for the patient's benefit.

Résumé Contexte: Diverses similitudes ont été observées entre le fluide sulculaire gingival (GCF) et le fluide sulculaire péri-implantaire (PISF). Ce a abouti à des recherches qui ont évalué des marqueurs fluides biologiques similaires à ceux présents dans le sillon gingival. Ces les biomarqueurs ont une sensibilité élevée et sont un outil biologique fiable par rapport à l'examen clinique et/ou radiographique et aident à diagnostic ainsi que le suivi de la progression de la maladie parodontale entourant les dents ainsi que les implants. Objectif: L'étude visait à comparent l'efficacité de la périostine dans les fluides péri-implantaires sulculaires et gingivaux. Matériels et Méthodes: Ce test expérimental une analyse prospective in vitro a été effectuée après autorisation par le comité d'éthique de l'établissement. Au total, 100 patients ont été sélectionnés. Ils étaient classés en deux groupes: (I) les patients du groupe A avaient une maladie péri-implantaire (n = 50), alors que (II) les patients du groupe B avaient une parodontite (n = 50). Le score clinique de perte d'attache a été noté dans six sites autour des dents naturelles et quatre sites autour des implants. Bandes de papier filtre préstérilisées ont été insérés dans le sulcus/poche jusqu'à ce que la pression soit ressentie pendant 60 s. Les niveaux de concentration de périostine dans les échantillons GCF et PISF ont été mesurés par la technique de dosage immuno-enzymatique. L'analyse statistique des données recueillies a été effectuée à l'aide de la méthode statistique de Shapiro-Wilk. outil pour les données numériques distribuées normalement. Résultats: concentration moyenne ± écart-type de périostine dans le liquide gingival les cas de parodontite ont été enregistrés à 20,15 ± 2,76 ng/30sn, alors que dans le PISF, ils étaient de 19,23 ± 1,89 ng/30sn. Sur l'analyse statistique, pas statistiquement des différences significatives ont été observées après avoir comparé la concentration de périostine dans les groupes parodontite et péri-implantite (P > 0,05). Conclusion: La présente étude a analysé les niveaux de périostine dans le liquide créviculaire gingival obtenu chez des patients diagnostiqués avec une parodontite et fluide sulculaire obtenu à partir du sulcus autour des implants. Les marqueurs ou indicateurs biologiques précoces de l'inflammation doivent être étudiés pour déterminer le pronostic du traitement en dehors de l'évaluation clinique au bénéfice du patient. Mots-clés: Créviculaire, liquide, gingival, péri-implantaire, parodontite, périostine, pronostic, sulculaire.

Evaluation of subgingival microflora in diabetic and nondiabetic patients.

The present investigation was designed with the aim of studying the microbiota of diabetic patients-both insulin dependent and noninsulin dependent and nondiabetic individuals. Each of the three groups had 15 patients, coming under the age group of 35 to 55 years and all having periodontitis. Even though the microbial flora are almost the same, specific microorganisms may not be predisposing cause for the periodontal disease process in diabetics. The study is clinically significant by means of its implication in the treatment of bacterial infections related to periodontitis and in those patients who are having systemic diseases, like diabetes along with poor periodontal condition and infections.