Evaluation of antitumoral and antioxidant activities of the hydroalcoholic extract and fractions obtained from the fruit pericarp of Sapindus saponaria L.

The fruits of Sapindus saponaria L., popularly known as 'saboeiro', have been used in medicine. This study evaluated the antioxidant and antitumor activities of the hydroethanolic extract (HAE) and fractions obtained from the fruit pericarp of S. saponaria. The HAE was obtained from the S. saponaria fruit pericarp by maceration; this was followed by fractionation using reversed-phase solid-phase extraction, resulting in fractions enriched with acyclic sesquiterpenic oligoglycosides (ASOG) and saponins (SAP1, and SAP2), confirmed by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-QTOF-MS). The greatest citotoxic activity was observed with the SAP1 fraction against the CaCo2 cell line with a GI50 of 8.1 µg mL-1, while the SAP2 fraction had a GI50 of 13.6 µg mL-1 against CaCo2. The HAE demonstrated the greatest antioxidant activity. S. saponaria has potential therapeutic use in the pharmaceutical industry as a natural anti-oxidant or antitumor product.

Lentinus crinitus: Traditional use, phytochemical and pharmacological activities, and industrial and biotechnological applications.

The saprophytic basidiomycete Lentinus crinitus (L.) Fr is a Brazilian native fungus with pantropical occurrence. L. crinitus produces edible fruiting bodies with medicinal, nutritional, and biotechnological applications. The compounds from fungal fruiting bodies can be applied to the preparation of products in the food, cosmetic, biomedical, and pharmaceutical industries. Our aim was to review the literature on L. crinitus concerning its botanical description, geographical distribution, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, nutritional value, and biotechnology potential (in vitro cultivation and enzyme production). Scientific search engines, including ScienceDirect, CAPES Journals Portal, Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciFinder, were consulted to gather data on L. crinitus. The present review is an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the phytochemical compounds, phytopharmacological activities, and biotechnological value of L. crinitus. Extracts from L. crinitus have been reported to exhibit numerous in vitro pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer. The substances in these extracts belong to different classes of chemical compounds such as polysaccharides, fatty acids, terpenes, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Reviews on Brazilian native fungi are of great importance for scientific knowledge, with great applicability as a mirror for species of the same family. The ethnobotanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, ethnomedicinal, and biotechnological properties of L. crinitus highlighted in this review provide information for future studies and commercial exploitation, and reveal that this fungus has enormous potential for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, biotechnological, and ecological applications.

Limonoid detection and profile in callus culture of sweet orange

Plant tissue culture has emerged as an important tool to produce bioactive compounds from various plant species, including the sustainable production of limonoids that are receiving considerable attention due to the benefits associated with human health such as anticancer activities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of limonoids aglycone production from callus culture from sweet orange cv. Pera (Citrus sinensis) seeds and identify the compounds produced in this cell line. Callus induction occurred in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), malt extract, agar and coconut water. For the analysis and identification of the limonoids, CG-MS-EI ion-positive mode and UPLC-QTOF-ESI were used operating in positive and negative mode. An intense peak corresponding to limonin appeared in the callus extracts at a retention time of 58.1 min. in CG-MS-EI and four major limonoids aglycone by positive ion mode UPLC-QTOF-ESI: limonin, nomilin, deacetylnomilin, and nomilinic acid. The culture medium was efficient at the bioproduction of limonoids aglycone in callus cultures of C. sinensis seeds. Therefore, data obtained from UPLC-QTOF-ESI proved its importance at identifying new compounds that benefit human health, and may assist future work in the identification of known or new limonoids in Citrus species and related genera.

Percepções do atendimento em saúde no contexto de violência conjugal / Percepciones de la atención sanitaria en el contexto de la violencia conyugal / Health care perceptions in the marital violence context

Objetivo conhecer as percepções de mulheres sobre o atendimento em saúde no contexto de violência conjugal. Método estudo qualitativo, descritivo, desenvolvido com oito mulheres em situação de violência conjugal assistidas em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Dados coletados em entrevista e análise dos dados fundamentada na Análise de Conteúdo Temática proposta por Bardin. Resultados evidenciou-se vivência de assimetrias em relação às percepções atribuídas à assistência recebida nos serviços de saúde, indo desde a percepção de um bom atendimento, permeado pela atenção, respeito e qualidade na comunicação, até a vivência de atendimento inadequado, assim percebido em decorrência da não investigação e não abordagem da violência por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Conclusão as mulheres em situação de violência conjugal revelaram que, frente ao adoecimento físico e mental oriundo da vivência de violência conjugal, procuravam o suporte da rede de atenção à saúde.

Objetivo conocer las percepciones de las mujeres sobre la atención sanitaria en el contexto de la violencia conyugal. Método estudio cualitativo y descriptivo, desarrollado con ocho mujeres en violencia conyugal asistidas en una Unidad de Salud Familiar. Datos recogidos en entrevistas y análisis de datos basado en análisis temático de contenido propuesto por Bardin. Resultados hubo una experiencia de asimetrías en relación con las percepciones atribuidas a la atención recibida en los servicios de salud, que van desde la percepción de una buena atención, impregnada de atención, respeto y calidad en la comunicación, hasta la experiencia de una atención inadecuada, percibida así como resultado de la no investigación y la no abordaje a la violencia por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Conclusión las mujeres en situaciones de violencia conyugal revelaron que, en vista de las enfermedades físicas y mentales resultantes de la experiencia de violencia conyugal, buscaban el apoyo de la red de atención médica.

Objective to know women's perceptions of health care in the marital violence context. Method qualitative, descriptive study, developed with eight women in marital violence assisted in a Family Health Unit. Data collected in interview and data analysis based on thematic content analysis proposed by Bardin. Results there was an experience of asymmetries in relation to the perceptions attributed to the care received in health services, ranging from the perception of good care, permeated by attention, respect and quality in communication, to the experience of inadequate care, thus perceived as a result of non-investigation and non-approach of violence by health professionals. Conclusion women in situations of marital violence revealed that, in view of the physical and mental illness resulting from the experience of marital violence, they sought the support of the health care network.